I am trying to saved the data in database table in encrypted format to hide the data store in the database table to be read by the user
Any advice how I can do this with out much effort on application level with less overhead on my application side?
Read this MS SQL Server Encryption Hierarchy
Ex:
-- Open the symmetric key with which to encrypt the data.
OPEN SYMMETRIC KEY SSN_Key_01
DECRYPTION BY CERTIFICATE HumanResources037;
-- Encrypt the value in column NationalIDNumber with symmetric key
-- SSN_Key_01. Save the result in column EncryptedNationalIDNumber.
UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
SET EncryptedNationalIDNumber
= EncryptByKey(Key_GUID('SSN_Key_01'), NationalIDNumber);
MSDN EcryptionByKey syntax
Related
I am new to the AES encryption and reading about it.
We used to send data in .csv format with MD5 encryption but last week I got a requirement to send the data in AES encrypted format to client rather than MD5.
I have read some internet I did the following step
-- Create database key
CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'Password123'
-- Create self-signed certificate
CREATE CERTIFICATE Certificate1
WITH SUBJECT = 'Protect Data';
GO
-- Create symmetric key
CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY SymmetricKey1
WITH ALGORITHM = AES_256
ENCRYPTION BY CERTIFICATE Certificate1;
GO
Then to encrypt the data I have used
OPEN SYMMETRIC KEY SymmetricKey1
DECRYPTION BY CERTIFICATE Certificate1;
Select EncryptByKey (Key_GUID('SymmetricKey1'),columnName)
From TableName
CLOSE SYMMETRIC KEY SymmetricKey1;
I tried to encrypt and decrypt and It works fine and I have sent the data but client has a different server want to decrypt the file and they are asking me to send the KEY
I suppose the key is 'SymmetricKey1'
But Client is not able to decrypt it.
Now my question is if the certificate and symmetric key is in 1 SQL server(suppose india) and client want to decrypt the file in some other server what exactly I need to provide him.DO I need to create the same certificate and key on the client server or something else.
I may sound little stupid but sorry I could not find much in internet
My name is Hari varma, I am working as a SQL DBA.
Currently I am facing issues with Always Encryption in SQL Server 2017 Development Edition in our testing server.
I don't have any experience in Always Encryption and TDE. One of my client asked me to do encryption on database.
I have done some testing on Always Encryption and I was able to encrypt and decrypt the column data by using doing the following:
On the SQL Server instance
-->Options-->Additional connection Parameter-->Column Encryption Setting = Enabled
After I enabled the column encryption I am able to view the encrypted data in the table.
However I am not able to insert, update, and delete data in this encrypted column.
Also I need to be able to set permissions on users who are allowed / not allowed to view the data on this encrypted column.
Which permissions I need to give on a particular user and provide any prerequisites for Always Encryption and TDE.
First of all it's important to understand that your SQL Server instance does not know the keys used for encrypting and decrypting data when using Always Encrypted. The keys are kept externally, usually in a key store such as Windows Certificate Store or Azure Key Vault. This means that SQL Server itself cannot encrypt or decrypt the data - this instead has to be done by a client application that has access to the keys.
However I am not able to insert, update, and delete data in this encrypted column.
I assume you are attempting to insert, update, and delete data directly through SSMS or something similar. This is only possible to a limited extent. This is because SSMS (which is your client application in this case) needs to be able to encrypt the data before sending it to your SQL Server.
Read more about inserting data into columns that are encrypted via Always Encrypted in SQL Server here (using SSMS).
A brief summary of how to insert encrypted data via SSMS:
You need to enable the column encryption setting in your connection string. This is done under Options>>Additional Connection Parameters when you connect to your SQL Server instance in SSMS. Add this text in there: Column Encryption Setting=Enabled
Once you've connected to your database and opened a query window, you need to enable parameterization for always encrypted. This is done in SSMS under Query>>Query Options>>Execution>>Advanced>>Enable Parameterization for Always Encrypted.
When you've completed the two steps above you'll be able to insert data into an encrypted column like this:
DECLARE #ParameterToBeEncrypted NVARCHAR(100) = 'Decrypt me';
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable(MyEncryptedColumn) VALUES (#ParameterToBeEncrypted);
This works because your client application (SSMS) is able to encrypt the value that you're initializing #ParameterToBeEncrypted with before sending it to SQL Server. This only works if your current user has access to the column encryption key. SQL Server will never see the plain/non-encrypted value ('Decrypt me') - it will only see the encrypted value that should be inserted into the encrypted column.
Which permissions I need to give on a particular user and provide any prerequisites for Always Encryption
It's a combination of permissions in SQL Server and being able to access the keys used for encrypting and decrypting the data. The necessary database permissions are VIEW ANY COLUMN MASTER KEY DEFINITION and VIEW ANY COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY DEFINITION.
You can read more about the necessary permissions here.
If you want to encrypt a set of existing data in your database, then your best bet is to write your own client application (e.g. in C# or similar) or create a SSIS package (which would serve as a client application). The client application or SSIS package should read the data from the database, encrypt the data outside of the database, and then send it back to the database as encrypted data.
I had a SQL database on a previous server, of which I had a master key and certificate creating using the following syntax:
CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'AReallyReallyReallySecurePassword!!!!!'
CREATE CERTIFICATE CPCertificate01 WITH SUBJECT = 'CP Certificate'
CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY SSN_Key_01 WITH ALGORITHM = TRIPLE_DES ENCRYPTION BY CERTIFICATE CPCertificate01
I've done a backup of this database, and now restored it onto a new server (fresh install of SQL Server as well).
When I try to run commands against the database, I get this error:
Cannot find the symmetric key 'SSN_Key_01', because it does not exist
or you do not have permission.
However if I run this code...
select * from sys.symmetric_keys
...I can see SSN_Key_01 listed in the result set.
I also get other errors relating the master key not existing.
Can anyone please guide me as to how I can recreate the encryption settings on the new server without losing any of my data? I still have access to the old server if required. Thanks.
When im using
CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY SecureSymmetricKey
WITH ALGORITHM = DESX
ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = N'StrongPassword';
DECLARE #str NVARCHAR(100)
SET #str = 'lala';
OPEN SYMMETRIC KEY SecureSymmetricKey
DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = N'StrongPassword';
Whom itrying to protect the data from ?
the data being sent from client to server ? ( the data is being sent by plaing text - i cant activate sql commands before sending the data...)
or people who has access to the sql server?
You're trying to protect your data in the database from people who either have access to any one of:
the SQL Server instance
the data files
the backup files
So if someone steals your backup tapes, they won't have a database of unencrypted SSNs or Credit Card numbers to sell on the black market.
I have backed up an encrypted DB (symmetric key/certificate) and
restored it on a different server.
Unfortuantely we're having problems with the decryption... hoping
someone can help.
In the restored db, I can see the Symmetric Key and the Certificate in
SSMS, but when I try to Open the key using the cert ( open symmetric
key KeyA decryption by certificate CertB )I get the
following very descriptive error:
Msg 15466, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
An error occurred during decryption.
Any ideas?
Thanks in advance.
http://blogs.msdn.com/lcris/archive/2007/11/16/sql-server-2005-restoring-the-backup-of-a-database-that-uses-encryption.aspx answers this:
"When you restore a database that uses encryption features, there is only one thing you need to take care off - if the database master key (DbMK) needs a service master key (SMK) encryption, you need to regenerate this encryption. Note that this encryption is made by default when you create the DbMK, but it may be intentionally dropped, if you want tighter control of access to the encrypted data. Anyway, if you did have such SMK encryption for the DbMK, the steps to regenerate it are the following:
OPEN MASTER KEY DECRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'password'
ALTER MASTER KEY ADD ENCRYPTION BY SERVICE MASTER KEY
CLOSE MASTER KEY
That's it - the database encryption features should now work as when the backup was taken. Also note that it doesn't matter if you restore the database on the server where the backup was taken or elsewhere. The only thing that matters for this procedure is that you know one of the passwords protecting the DbMK "
The master key was decrypted by the service master key on the source server and we were decrypting the master key with password on the destination. I altered the master key to be decrypted by the service master key and it's working now.
The problem you are probably experiencing is that the Database Master Key for the servers is different. To my understanding the other keys are based off of this and it could cause problems when trying to decrypt the data. Check out the encryption hierarchy for a description of the steps that go into data encryption.
I hope this answer helps and isn't too off-track. :)
http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/forums/en-US/sqlsecurity/thread/34c9c35c-2d08-4873-abfd-aae40240dfe7/?prof=required
That link worked for me, follow the 2 links to backup/restore
You can do the restore from the destination server using a UNC, you do not have to copy the file.