How do I update individual fields in nested objects that are in arrays in MongoDB using Mongoose? - arrays

Question

This is my first post so please bear with me. I am building a LinkedIn clone and I am trying to keep track of the work experience, projects and courses of the users, and those will be kept in an array of objects inside of the User schema. Now let's say a user will try to add or update one of the elements in one of those arrays, I have the user ID and I am passing it to findOneAndUpdate() as the filter.
Here is my User schema:
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
user_id: {
type: String,
required: [true, 'User ID required.'],
unique: true,
immutable: true,
},
name: {
type: String,
required: [true, 'Name required.'],
},
email: {
type: String,
required: [true, 'Email required.'],
unique: true,
lowercase: true,
immutable: true,
},
title: {
type: String,
},
location: {
type: String,
},
phone_number: {
type: String,
},
contact_email: {
type: String,
},
photo: {
type: String,
},
website: {
type: String,
},
backdrop: {
type: String,
},
summary: {
type: String,
},
work: {
type: String,
},
connections: {
type: Number,
},
projects: [
{
title: {
type: String,
},
description: {
type: String,
},
start_date: {
type: Date,
},
end_date: {
type: Date,
},
technologies: {
type: String,
},
picture: {
type: String,
},
},
],
skills: [{
skill: {
name: {
type: String,
},
level: {
type: String,
},
},
}],
experience: [
{
company: {
type: String,
},
logo: {
type: String,
},
title: {
type: String,
},
location: {
type: String,
},
start_date: {
type: Date,
},
end_date: {
type: Date,
},
description: {
type: String,
},
},
],
education: [
{
school: {
type: String,
},
logo: {
type: String,
},
degree: {
type: String,
},
location: {
type: String,
},
start_date: {
type: Date,
},
end_date: {
type: Date,
},
description: {
type: String,
},
},
],
languages: [
{
name: {
type: String,
},
level: {
type: String,
},
},
],
awards: [
{
title: {
type: String,
},
date: {
type: Date,
},
awarder: {
type: String,
},
summary: {
type: String,
},
},
],
courses: [
{
title: {
type: String,
},
number: {
type: String,
},
school: {
type: String,
},
start_date: {
type: Date,
},
end_date: {
type: Date,
},
description: {
type: String,
},
},
],
});
And in my UserController.ts file, I tried using this:
const updateUser = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
try {
const filter = { user_id: req.body.user_id };
const update = req.body;
const updatedUser = await User.findOneAndUpdate(filter, update, {
new: true,
upsert: true,
});
res.status(201).json({
status: 'success',
data: {
user: updatedUser,
},
});
} catch (err) {
res.status(400).json({
status: `ERROR: ${err}`,
message: 'error updating user',
});
}
};
And in my request using the format of the schema but that didn't work out as expected. I know mongoose will automatically give it an _id field to each of the individual objects in the array, but again, I have had no luck updating them. I tried sending a PATCH request with this as the body to add a skill like so:
{
"user_id": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"title": "Mr.",
"skills" : {
"name": "Flute",
"level": "Novice"
}
}
And this was the response I got. It created a skill but didnt add the data in the skill object:
{
"status": "success",
"data": {
"user": {
"_id": "63d3715f2ef9698667230a53",
"user_id": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"name": "Jonathan Abitbol",
"email": "yoniabitbol1#gmail.com",
"projects": [],
"skills": [
{
"_id": "63d4068d2df30c9e943e4608"
}
],
"experience": [],
"education": [],
"languages": [],
"awards": [],
"courses": [],
"__v": 0,
"title": "Mr."
}
}
}
Any help on how to add/edit the nested objects would be appreciated.