There is a Referer header.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Referer
In webdriver, I don't see a way to explicitly way to specify Referrer. Is this feature available?
https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#dfn-navigate-to
Related
I have react app what I already deployed to the GitHub Pages.
But now I have a problem: what I am requesting auth status to server and didn`t get any response. What is the problem?
I have this error in console about my requests
has been blocked by CORS policy:
Response to preflight request doesn't pass access control check:
No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource
GitHub pages supports CORS since 2015, so you can follow "Fix CORS Error| React Tutorial" which points to:
"Run Chrome browser without CORS" (not recommended, just for testing)
axios/axios issue 853
That last issue mentions:
cURL does not enforce CORS rules. Those rules are enforced by browsers for security purposes.
When you mention that you added the relevant header, I assume you mean you added those headers to the request.
Actually, the header is expected in the response headers from the server, indicating that the resource is allowed to be accessed by other websites directly.
FYI, CORS - Cross Origin Resource Sharing. Since your API does not support it, you have two options -
Use a proxy server on the same domain as your webpage to access 4chan's API or,
Use a proxy server on any other domain, but modify the response to include the necessary headers.
As I am running following set of the code
AngularJS
HTML
3. Error
Installing above mentioned plugin for chrome is not a permanent solution for your issue and you cannot ask the end user to do the same.
Best way to do is to handle it in your api code.
There are plenty of resources available to see how it is configured for various languages api. The following link will make you to understand about it and how to configure.
Why does my JavaScript get a “No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource” error when Postman does not?
You can try below plugin in chrome browser:
Core extension
And if you want to add on server side then on server you can add below headers (for PHP add this in index.php)
header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*");
header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, POST, OPTIONS, DELETE, PUT');
header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Origin, Content-Type, Accept, Authorization, X-Request-With, X-CLIENT-ID, X-CLIENT-SECRET');
header('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true');
Javascript was designed to not forward from a domain to another. You're going from localhost to another domain. There is a relatively new process to do it: Cross Origin Resource Sharing or CORS. Here, the server and client agree to permit it. It's done via headers. You need a CORS header. Here is a reference: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS
when trying to $.ajax to fetch some content from other websites in my website, I got the error.
Failed to load https://www.pinterest.com/: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'http://localhost:8100' is therefore not allowed access.
I knew if the target website didn't allow localhost:8100 to fetch the data, I cannot fetch it in the client side on the web.
However, I found that mobile app (not mobile browser, but android/ios application) does not have the issue, they can simply get the website content by their default mobile built-in HTTP get function.
Do i want to ask why mobile will not encounter CORS issue (mobile can fetch the webcontent simply by the built-in http get function)?
thanks.
CORS is enforced by the browser to fulfill the security standard they have to meet. It does not affect requests made programmatically from any language, like a curl call on bash.
This is how CORS works, based on Wikipedia:
The browser sends the OPTIONS request with an Origin HTTP header. The value of this header is the domain that served the parent page. When a page from http://www.example.com attempts to access a user's data in service.example.com, the following request header would be sent to service.example.com: Origin: http://www.example.com.
The server at service.example.com may respond with:
An Access-Control-Allow-Origin (ACAO) header in its response indicating which origin sites are allowed. For example Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://www.example.com
An error page if the server does not allow the cross-origin request
An Access-Control-Allow-Origin (ACAO) header with a wildcard that allows all domains: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
The way CORS works means it is optional. Browsers enforce it to prevent Javascript AJAX calls to perform malicious calls. But other types of consumers built by hand don't need to enforce CORS.
Think in this example:
You are the owner of somesite.com
Users authenticate to your site using the traditional cookie method
User logins into anothersite.com, built by an attacker. This site has the following code:
<script>fetch('http://somesite.com/posts/1', { method: 'DELETE' });</script>
... effectively performing a request to your site and doing bad things.
Happily, the browser will perform a preflight request when it sees a cross-domain request, and if your site does not respond saying that requests coming from anothersite.com are OK, you will be covered by default from a potential attack
This is why CORS only makes sense in the context of a browser. Javascript you send to the browser can not (at least easily) circumvent CORS because the only API that allows you to perform requests from the browser is written in stone. Additionally, there are no local storage or cookies outside of the browser.
Corolarium: Enforcing CORS is a deliberate action from the requester, or whoever is making the requests for you, not the sender. Javascript APIs in browsers enforce it. Other languages don't have the need for the reasons explained.
When running on a device, your files are served over the file:// protocol, not http://, and your origin will therefore not exist. That's why the request from the native device does not trigger CORS.
I'm using angularJS for POST from localhost to some API. but I got this error message:
XMLHttpRequest cannot load "...API link..." Request header field authorization is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Headers in preflight response.
I can post to the API when I use "Allow-Control-Allow-Origin" chrome extension. But this is just temporary, This way only works when I use this extension on my borwser. But my users got this problem when they use in their own browser.
How to fix this from client side.
I don't think you can fix this issue client side. The API server controls who can access what (using the Allow-Control-Allow-Origin header) so you have to change it there.
The CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) Request should be enabled in your server i mean in your api like header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *");
, otherwise if you still want to access the request from another domain (localhost) if api host is different , in your js code try to use jsonp
here is the documentation
https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng/service/$http#jsonp
I'm using Wamp as my local server while I test my Angular app.
I am using $resource to get some api data from my server but I'm getting a message
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://myproj.herokuapp.com/api/projects?name=demo.
No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'http://localhost' is therefore not allowed access. The response had HTTP status code 401.
I've searched far and wide on the web but I cannot find a working way to get around this.
Any new fresh ideas? Has anyone overcome this issue?
how to allow ACCESS-CONTROL-ALLOW-ORIGIN aka cross-domain on wampserver
This author got it right.
"You have to enable the headers module first, like so :
click on the wamp icon in your systray
go to Apache > Apache modules
check the option 'headers_module'
And then include this in your apache config:
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
(in httpd.conf or in the configuration of your vhost)
(Instead of the * you can also specify a specific domain)"
Then bring up your browser, and use localhost/filename to access your files.