Convert a time calculation to time in HH:MM - sql-server

I am looking to create a calculation in SQL Server that will display the time difference in HH_MM from a time column.
For example, the difference in hours and minutes between
5:45 PM - 3:30 PM = 2:15 (desired output)
The closest I have been able to get is this:
CONVERT(TIME,cals_END_time - cals_START_time) = 02:15:00.0000000
How do I go about 'trimming' it down to 2:15?

Assuming the columns are datetime, use the format function to format the time value:
select format(cast(cals_end_time - cals_start_time as time), N'h\:mm')
from (values
(cast('2022-07-07 15:30:00' as datetime), cast('2022-07-07 17:45:00' as datetime))
) as tests(cals_start_time, cals_end_time)
DB<>Fiddle

If you want to add/subtract dates/datetimes you need to use the relevant functions to do so as follows:
select *, convert(varchar(5), dateadd(minute, datediff(minute, [TimeOut], TimeIn), convert(time, '00:00'))) TimeDifference
-- , CONVERT(TIME, [TimeOut], TimeIn) -- gives an error anyway?
from (
values
(convert(time, '05:45 PM'), convert(time, '03:30 PM'))
) x (TimeIn, [TimeOut]);
Returns:
TimeIn
TimeOut
TimeDifference
17:45:00.0000000
15:30:00.0000000
02:15

Related

How to get all data which time is in range to next 2 hours from current time in SQL

I have a table tblSMS with a datetime and time column (and some other columns).
I get all reminder within next 2 hours on dashboard so I want to get data from table where datetime is today and time is within the next 2 hours.
I used this stored procedure, but it is not working:
select *
from tblSMS
where
SMSTime >= (SELECT Convert(varchar(5), GetDate(), 108))
and (SMSTime <= (SELECT Convert(varchar(5), (Select dateadd (hour, 2, getdate())), 108)))
and Convert(varchar(10), SMSDate, 110) = Convert(varchar(10), GETDATE(), 110)
Thanks
No need to use time column if you are storing in proper datetime format. It's better to make comparisons in datetime format. Otherwise you may have troubles if next 2 hours falls on the next day.
select *
from tblSMS
where
SMSDate between getdate() and dateadd(hh, 2, getdate())
Combine two columns to get datetime if you are storing SMSDate as a date
select *
from tblSMS
where
SMSDate + cast(SMSTime as datetime) between getdate() and dateadd(hh, 2, getdate())

SQL Query - Average time from datetime field

I'm struggling with what I thought would be a simple SQL query. Running SQL Server 2014
I have an SQL table, "Visits":
Id | EntryTime | Duration
And I want to find the average entry TIME OF DAY between two dates, taking into account all records between those dates.
so if my EntryTime field between my dates is:
2016-04-28 12:00:00
2016-04-20 10:00:00
2016-04-19 08:00:00
2016-04-17 10:00:00
Then the average time returned should just be:
10:00:00
The date should not be taken into account at all, and it should be returned in string format, or a manner which returns ONLY 10:00:00.
create table mytimes(
id int identity,
mydatetime datetime
)
insert into mytimes (mydatetime) values ('2016-04-28 12:00:00')
insert into mytimes (mydatetime) values ('2016-04-20 10:00:00')
insert into mytimes (mydatetime) values ('2016-04-19 08:00:00')
insert into mytimes (mydatetime) values ('2016-04-17 10:00:00')
SELECT Cast(DateAdd(ms, AVG(CAST(DateDiff( ms, '00:00:00', cast(mydatetime as time)) AS BIGINT)), '00:00:00' ) as Time )
from mytimes
-- where mydatetime between XXX and YYY
SELECT convert(varchar(8), Cast(DateAdd(ms, AVG(CAST(DateDiff( ms, '00:00:00', cast(mydatetime as time)) AS BIGINT)), '00:00:00' ) as Time ))
from mytimes
-- where mydatetime between XXX and YYY
output-1 10:00:00.0000000 - this is an actual Time type that you can do more with if needed
output-2 10:00:00 - this is output as a varchar(8)
Add your where clause as you see fit
The steps include
Casting to a Time type from a DateTime.
Using the AVG on Time, this is not supported by type Time so you have to first convert Time to milliseconds.
Converting the milliseconds back to a Time type
To avoid Arithmetic overflow error converting expression to data type int you can cast the result of DateAdd to a BigInt. Alternatively you can use seconds instead of milliseconds in the DateDiff function which should work unless your result set is overly large.
SO Sources:
T-SQL calculating average time
How to get Time from DateTime format in SQL?
Operand data type time is invalid for avg operator…?
SELECT CONVERT(TIME, DATEADD(SECOND, AVG(DATEDIFF(SECOND, 0, CONVERT(TIME, EntryTime ))), 0))
FROM Visits
WHERE EntryTime >= #begin AND EntryTime <= #end
The idea came from here: T-SQL calculating average time
Yap, you can use the Time() to get this done.
Your query becomes like this (modify accordingly)
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Visits WHERE TIME(EntryTime) > '06:00' AND EntryTime < '18:00';

How to format a date with my own time part in SQL

I'm working on a SQL query which returns a integer which is the number of minutes between two given dates as follows
DATEDIFF(mi, date_one, getdate())
The above query returns difference in two dates in minutes but for getdate() I would want to supply my own time.
For example, consider
date_one= 2015-12-29 13:39:03.000
getdate() return current date and time ie., 2015-12-29 14:33:50.000
But, I want to change time part in getdate() to some 10:00:00.00 so that the getdate() is 2015-12-29 10:00:00.00 by passing an hour integer say 10.
May I know a good way to do that?
This will use getDate, but let you set your own hour. Just replace that second parameter (which is 10 with whichever hour you want). Use this expression in place of getDate() in your dateDiff function.
DATEADD(hh, 10, DATEADD(d, DATEDIFF(d, 0, getDate()), 0))
You can also add minutes, seconds, milliseconds, etc. to get what you need.
Here I am adding 633 minutes to make it 10:33 (change the first parameter to mi for minutes).
select DATEADD(mi, 633, DATEADD(d, DATEDIFF(d, 0, getDate()), 0))
See the documentation for other value for the first parameter: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186819.aspx
Here is how to use it:
DATEDIFF(mi, getDate(),
DATEADD(mi, 633, DATEADD(d, DATEDIFF(d, 0, getDate()), 0))
)
This will give you the minutes from the current time to 10:33 on the current day. Here is a sqlfiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!6/9eecb7/5407
I find this function useful:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[StripTimeFromDateTime]
(
#date DateTime
)
RETURNS DateTime
AS
BEGIN
RETURN DATEADD(dd, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #date), 0)
END
This will knock the time off a datetime leaving it at 00:00:00.000. Then you can:
SELECT DATEADD(hour, 10, dbo.StripTimeFromDateTime(GetDate()))
Notice the example below:
select
cast('2015-12-28 12:15:00' as datetime),
getdate(),
cast(cast(convert(date, getdate()) as varchar(20)) + ' 10:00:00' as datetime);
|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| December, 28 2015 12:15:00 | December, 29 2015 20:42:35 | December, 29 2015 10:00:00 |
An example like the one you used:
with example as (
select cast('2015-12-28 12:15:00' as datetime) as date_one
)
select
date_one,
cast(cast(convert(date, getdate()) as varchar(20)) + ' 10:00:00' as datetime) as myown,
datediff(
mi,
date_one,
cast(cast(convert(date, getdate()) as varchar(20)) + ' 10:00:00' as datetime)
) as minutes
from example;
Result:
| date_one | myown | minutes |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|---------|
| December, 28 2015 12:15:00 | December, 29 2015 10:00:00 | 1305 |
Example on SQLFiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/9eecb7/6599
The reason I used varchar is to have flexibility of typing a time such as '10:15:00' or other variations of time.
This one-liner will gives the current date with the time part replaced with the constant you want
select cast(cast(getdate() as date) as datetime) + cast(cast('10:00:00' as time) as datetime)
How this works:
Cast the getdate() result to date and then back to datetime to get the current date without the time.
select cast(cast(getdate() as date) as datetime)
Cast '10:00:00' to time and then to datetime to get 10:00:00 as datetime.
select cast(cast('10:00:00' as time) as datetime)
Add the two
select cast(cast(getdate() as date) as datetime) + cast(cast('10:00:00' as time) as datetime)
That's all
select DATEADD (hh,10, CONVERT(Datetime, CONVERT (date, GETDATE())))
First remove time and then add 10 hours.

Select records created in a 24 hour time-frame

I'm trying to query our database to find all records that were created between 6am yesterday and 6am today. This will be run in a report at any point during the day so set times/dates are useless.
I have this so far:-
SELECT * FROM DaySummaryDetail DSD
WHERE DSD.FromDateTime BETWEEN DATEADD(DAY, -1, GetDate())
AND DATEADD(Day, 1, GetDate())
But obviously this only works for 24 hours ago from right now until right now. I can't figure out how to apply a time as well as date.
Every example I find online seems slightly different and uses set dates/times ie, >= 20/02/2015 06:00:00.
I normally use Oracle SQL which would simply work using this:-
ptt.mod_date_time >= TRUNC (SYSDATE - 1) - 2 / 24
AND ptt.mod_date_time <= TRUNC (SYSDATE - 1) + 22 / 24
This would return results from 10pm to 10pm but the format appears totally different in SQL Server.
You can get the datetime values you are after by doing the following:
SELECT DATEADD(HOUR,6,CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(DATE ,GETDATE()))) Today6AM,
DATEADD(HOUR,-18,CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(DATE ,GETDATE()))) Yesterday6AM
By doing this: CONVERT(DATE ,GETDATE()) you are stripping off the time portion of today's date. Converting it back to datetime gives you midnight for today.
The query adds 6 hours to midnight of the current day for 6am today and subtracts 18 hours from midnight of the current day to give you 6am on the previous day.
Output:
Today6AM Yesterday6AM
================================================
2015-02-20 06:00:00.000 2015-02-19 06:00:00.000
So adding that to your query:
SELECT *
FROM DaySummaryDetail DSD
WHERE DSD.FromDateTime
BETWEEN DATEADD(HOUR,-18,CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(DATE ,GETDATE())))
AND DATEADD(HOUR,6,CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(DATE ,GETDATE())))
DECLARE #StartTimestamp datetime
DECLARE #EndTimestamp datetime
DECLARE #HourPartOfSearchRange nvarchar(6)
SET #HourPartOfSearchRange = ' 06:30'
SET #StartTimestamp =
CAST((CONVERT(varchar(11), DATEADD(DAY,-1,#CurrentUTCDateTime), 106) + #HourPartOfSearchRange) AS datetime)
SET #EndTimestamp =
CAST((CONVERT(varchar(11), #CurrentUTCDateTime, 106) + #HourPartOfSearchRange) AS datetime)
SELECT * FROM dbo.Test Where Timestamp Between #StartTimestamp AND #EndTimestamp
today 6am is
dateadd(hour,6,cast(cast(getdate() as date) as datetime))
cast(getdate() as date) truncates the timepart, cast it back as datetime because dateadd won't add hours otherwise and add 6hours
One solution would be like so:
select *
from DaySummaryDetail DSD
where DSD.FromDateTime between cast(cast(cast(getdate()-1 as date) as varchar(30)) + ' 06:00:00.000' as datetime)
and cast(cast(cast(getdate() as date) as varchar(30)) + ' 06:00:00.000' as datetime)
This should help ...
SELECT DATEADD( hour, 6, CAST(CAST(GETDATE(), AS Date) AS DateTime) ) AS 'Today#6am'
SELECT DATEADD( hour, 6, CAST(CAST(GETDATE()-1, AS Date) AS DateTime) ) AS 'Yesterday#6am'
In SQL Server 2012 you can use SMALLDATETIMEFROMPARTS to construct a datetime value that is today at 6am like this:
SMALLDATETIMEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), DAY(GETDATE()), 6, 0)
Output: 2015-02-20 06:00:00
then you can use the above expression in place of GETDATE() in the WHERE clause:
DECLARE #TodayAt6AM DATETIME = SMALLDATETIMEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()),
MONTH(GETDATE()),
DAY(GETDATE()),
6,
0)
SELECT *
FROM DaySummaryDetail DSD
WHERE DSD.FromDateTime BETWEEN DATEADD(DAY, -1, #TodayAt6AM) AND
DATEADD(Day, 1, #TodayAt6AM)

SQL Server remove milliseconds from datetime

select *
from table
where date > '2010-07-20 03:21:52'
which I would expect to not give me any results... EXCEPT I'm getting a record with a datetime of 2010-07-20 03:21:52.577
how can I make the query ignore milliseconds?
You just have to figure out the millisecond part of the date and subtract it out before comparison, like this:
select *
from table
where DATEADD(ms, -DATEPART(ms, date), date) > '2010-07-20 03:21:52'
If you are using SQL Server (starting with 2008), choose one of this:
CONVERT(DATETIME2(0), YourDateField)
LEFT(RTRIM(CONVERT(DATETIMEOFFSET, YourDateField)), 19)
CONVERT(DATETIMEOFFSET(0), YourDateField) -- with the addition of a time zone offset
Try:
SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE datetime >
CONVERT(DATETIME,
CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),
CONVERT(DATETIME, '2010-07-20 03:21:52'), 120))
Or if your date is an actual datetime value:
DECLARE #date DATETIME
SET #date = GETDATE()
SELECT CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), #date, 120))
The conversion to style 120 cuts off the milliseconds...
select * from table
where DATEADD(ms, DATEDIFF(ms, '20000101', date), '20000101') > '2010-07-20 03:21:52'
You'll have to trim milliseconds before comparison, which will be slow over many rows
Do one of these to fix this:
created a computed column with the expressions above to compare against
remove milliseconds on insert/update to avoid the read overhead
If SQL Server 2008, use datetime2(0)
Use CAST with following parameters:
Date
select Cast('2017-10-11 14:38:50.540' as date)
Output: 2017-10-11
Datetime
select Cast('2017-10-11 14:38:50.540' as datetime)
Output: 2017-10-11 14:38:50.540
SmallDatetime
select Cast('2017-10-11 14:38:50.540' as smalldatetime)
Output: 2017-10-11 14:39:00
Note this method rounds to whole minutes (so you lose the seconds as well as the milliseconds)
DatetimeOffset
select Cast('2017-10-11 14:38:50.540' as datetimeoffset)
Output: 2017-10-11 14:38:50.5400000 +00:00
Datetime2
select Cast('2017-10-11 14:38:50.540' as datetime2)
Output: 2017-10-11 14:38:50.5400000
For this particular query, why make expensive function calls for each row when you could just ask for values starting at the next higher second:
select *
from table
where date >= '2010-07-20 03:21:53'
Use 'Smalldatetime' data type
select convert(smalldatetime, getdate())
will fetch
2015-01-08 15:27:00
There's more than one way to do it:
select 1 where datediff(second, '2010-07-20 03:21:52', '2010-07-20 03:21:52.577') >= 0
or
select *
from table
where datediff(second, '2010-07-20 03:21:52', date) >= 0
one less function call, but you have to be beware of overflowing the max integer if the dates are too far apart.
One more way I've set up SQL Server queries to ignore milliseconds when I'm looking for events from a particular second (in a parameter in "YYYY-MM-DD HH:TT:SS" format) using a stored procedure:
WHERE
...[Time_stamp] >= CAST(CONCAT(#YYYYMMDDHHTTSS,'.000') as DateTime) AND
...[Time_stamp] <= CAST(CONCAT(#YYYYMMDDHHTTSS,'.999') as DateTime)
You could use something similar to ignore minutes and seconds too.
Please try this
select substring('12:20:19.8470000',1,(CHARINDEX('.','12:20:19.8470000',1)-1))
(No column name)
12:20:19
I'm very late but I had the same issue a few days ago. None of the solutions above worked or seemed fit. I just needed a timestamp without milliseconds so I converted to a string using Date_Format and then back to a date with Str_To_Date:
STR_TO_DATE(DATE_FORMAT(your-timestamp-here, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'),'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s')
Its a little messy but works like a charm.
May be this will help..
SELECT [Datetime] = CAST('20120228' AS smalldatetime)
o/p:
2012-02-28 00:00:00
Review this example:
declare #now datetimeoffset = sysdatetimeoffset();
select #now;
-- 1
select convert(datetimeoffset(0), #now, 120);
-- 2
select convert(datetimeoffset, convert(varchar, #now, 120));
which yields output like the following:
2021-07-30 09:21:37.7000000 +00:00
-- 1
2021-07-30 09:21:38 +00:00
-- 2
2021-07-30 09:21:37.0000000 +00:00
Note that for (1), the result is rounded (up in this case), while for (2) it is truncated.
Therefore, if you want to truncate the milliseconds off a date(time)-type value as per the question, you must use:
declare #myDateTimeValue = <date-time-value>
select cast(convert(varchar, #myDateValue, 120) as <same-type-as-#myDateTimeValue>);

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