I've got a table with one smalldatetime column and one bit column. The former can contain nonconsecutive values, but no duplicates. When ordered chronologically, how can the latter be updated with a value of 1 up to twice every 60 minutes, otherwise 0? The only way I've been able to solve this so far is with a cursor; I'm looking for a solution without a cursor.
An example for clarity. Given the following data:
DECLARE #Data TABLE (
DataTime smalldatetime
,Exclude bit
)
INSERT INTO #Data (DataTime)
VALUES ('1/1/12')
,('1/1/12 0:01')
,('1/1/12 0:02')
,('1/1/12 0:03')
,('1/1/12 0:59')
,('1/1/12 1:00')
,('1/1/12 1:01')
,('1/1/12 1:02')
,('1/1/12 1:03')
,('1/1/12 1:30')
,('1/1/12 3:39')
,('1/1/12 4:37')
,('1/1/12 4:38')
,('1/1/12 4:39')
,('1/1/12 4:40')
Update to this:
DataTime Exclude
2012-01-01 00:00:00 1
2012-01-01 00:01:00 1
2012-01-01 00:02:00 0
2012-01-01 00:03:00 0
2012-01-01 00:59:00 0
2012-01-01 01:00:00 1
2012-01-01 01:01:00 1
2012-01-01 01:02:00 0
2012-01-01 01:03:00 0
2012-01-01 01:30:00 0
2012-01-01 03:39:00 1
2012-01-01 04:37:00 1
2012-01-01 04:38:00 0
2012-01-01 04:39:00 1
2012-01-01 04:40:00 0
Cursor solution:
DECLARE ExcludeRows CURSOR
FOR SELECT DataTime
FROM #Data
ORDER BY DataTime
DECLARE #DataTime smalldatetime, #ExcludedCount int
OPEN ExcludeRows
FETCH NEXT FROM ExcludeRows INTO #DataTime
WHILE ##FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SELECT #ExcludedCount = ISNULL(SUM(CONVERT(int, Exclude)), 0)
FROM #Data
WHERE DataTime BETWEEN DATEADD(MINUTE, -60 + 1, #DataTime) AND DATEADD(MINUTE,-1, #DataTime)
UPDATE #Data
SET Exclude = CASE WHEN #ExcludedCount < 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
WHERE DataTime = #DataTime
FETCH NEXT FROM ExcludeRows INTO #DataTime
END
CLOSE ExcludeRows
DEALLOCATE ExcludeRows
SELECT *
FROM #Data
ORDER BY DataTime
Assuming the answer to my comment is "typo", then try an updateable CTE. Use row_number and partition by the date and hour. Then you simply update those rows where row_number returns 1 or 2.
with cte as (
select Datatime, Exclude,
row_number() over (partition by cast(Datatime as date), datepart(hour, Datatime) order by Datatime) as rno
from #Data
)
update cte set Exclude = case when rno <= 2 then 1 else 0 end
;
Fiddle to demonstrate. Note - NEVER use two digits years.
Related
I have a Dimension table containing machines.
Each machine has a date created value.
I would like to have a Select statement that generates for each day after a certain start date the available number of machines. A machine is available after the date created on wards
As I have read only access to the database I am not able to create a physical calendar table
I hope somebody can help me solving my issue
I assume this is what you want. Based on this sample table:
USE tempdb;
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.Machines
(
MachineID int,
CreatedDate date
);
INSERT dbo.Machines VALUES(1,'20200104'),(2,'20200202'),(3,'20200214');
Then say you wanted the number of active machines starting on January 1st:
DECLARE #StartDate date = '20200101';
;WITH x AS
(
SELECT n = 0 UNION ALL SELECT n + 1 FROM x
WHERE n < DATEDIFF(DAY, #StartDate, GETDATE())
),
days(d) AS
(
SELECT DATEADD(DAY, x.n, #StartDate) FROM x
)
SELECT days.d, MachineCount = COUNT(m.MachineID)
FROM days
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.Machines AS m
ON days.d >= m.CreatedDate
GROUP BY days.d
ORDER BY days.d
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0);
Results:
d MachineCount
---------- ------------
2020-01-01 0
2020-01-02 0
2020-01-03 0
2020-01-04 1
2020-01-05 1
...
2020-01-31 1
2020-02-01 1
2020-02-02 2
2020-02-03 2
...
2020-02-12 2
2020-02-13 2
2020-02-14 3
2020-02-15 3
Clean up:
DROP TABLE dbo.Machines;
(Yes, some people hiss at recursive CTEs. You can replace it with any number of set generation techniques, some I talk about here, here, and here.)
I'm using SQL Server 2016.
I have this table:
RowID SKU Shop Week Prioirty Replen Open_Stk
---------------------------------------------------------------
1 111 100 1 1 400 5000
2 111 200 1 2 400 NULL
3 111 300 1 3 400 NULL
4 111 400 1 4 400 NULL
This is the desired result:
RowID SKU Shop Week Prioirty Replen Open_Stk
---------------------------------------------------------------
1 111 100 1 1 400 5000
2 111 200 1 2 400 4600
3 111 300 1 3 400 4200
4 111 400 1 4 400 3800
The calculation for Open_Stk is based on the previous row:
[Open_Stk] = [Open_Stk]-IIF([Replen]<=IIF([Open_Stk]>=0,[Open_Stk],0),[Replen],0)
I am using the below cursor to update the Open_Stk but nothing happens - what am I missing:
DECLARE #CurrentRow INT;
DECLARE #PreviousRow INT
DECLARE ShopRank CURSOR FOR
SELECT RowID
FROM [tmp_tblTEST]
ORDER BY [SKU], [Week],Priority
OPEN ShopRank
FETCH NEXT FROM ShopRank INTO #CurrentRow
WHILE ##FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF ((SELECT [Open_Stk] FROM [tmp_tblTEST] WHERE RowID = #CurrentRow) IS NULL)
BEGIN
UPDATE [tmp_tblTEST]
SET [Open_Stk] = [Open_Stk] - IIF([Replen] <= IIF([Open_Stk] >= 0, [Open_Stk], 0), [Replen], 0)
WHERE RowID = #PreviousRow
END
SET #PreviousRow = #CurrentRow
FETCH NEXT FROM ShopRank INTO #CurrentRow
END
CLOSE ShopRank
DEALLOCATE ShopRank
There's no need for a CURSOR here at all. This is a little bit of guess work, but I suspect what you are actually after here is something like this:
SELECT V.RowID,
V.SKU,
V.Shop,
V.[Week],
V.Priority,
V.Replen,
FIRST_VALUE(V.Open_Stk) OVER (PARTITION BY V.SKU ORDER BY V.[Week], V.Priority
ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING) -
ISNULL(SUM(V.Replen) OVER (PARTITION BY V.SKU ORDER BY V.[Week], V.Priority
ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND 1 PRECEDING),0) AS OpenStk
FROM (VALUES (1,111,100,1,1,400,5000),
(2,111,200,1,2,400,NULL),
(3,111,300,1,3,400,NULL),
(4,111,400,1,4,400,NULL))V(RowID,SKU,Shop,[Week],Priority,Replen,Open_Stk)
ORDER BY V.Sku,
V.[Week],
V.Priority;
DB<>Fiddle (using original solution)
FIRST_VALUE does what is says on the tin. The SUM subtracts the values from every prior row from the value of Open_Stk on the first row; making the final result set. It only references the prior rows due to the ROWS BETWEEN clause. ROWS UNBOUNDED means to start at the beginning of the partitioned range, and 1 PRECEDING means the row prior.
WITH result AS
(
SELECT
a.*, ISNULL(NULLIF(a.Open_Stk, 0), 0) AS Output
FROM
table1 a
JOIN
table1 b ON a.Prioirty = b.Prioirty - 1
UNION ALL
SELECT
a.*, output - a.Replen
FROM
table1 a
JOIN
result b ON a.Prioirty = b.Prioirty+1
)
SELECT *
FROM result
WHERE output > 0
I have a case where I need to write a CTE ( at least this seems like the best approach) . I have almost everything I need in place but one last issue. I am using a CTE to generate many millions of a records and then I will insert them into a table. The data itself is almost irrelevant except for three columns. 2 date time columns and one character column.
The idea behind the CTE is this. I want one datetime field called Start and one int field called DataValue. I will have a variable which is the count of records I want to aim for and then another variable which is the number of times I want to repeat the datetime value. I don't think I need to explain the software this data represents but basically I need to have 16 rows where the Start value is the same and then after the 16th run I want to then add 15 minutes and then repeat. Effectively there will be events in 15 minute intervals and I will need X number of rows per 15 minute interval to represent those events.
This is my code
Declare #tot as int;
Declare #inter as int;
Set #tot = 26
Set #inter = 3;
WITH mycte(DataValue,start) AS
(
SELECT 1 DataValue, cast('01/01/2011 00:00:00' as datetime) as start
UNION all
if DataValue % #inter = 0
SELECT
DataValue + 1,
cast(DateAdd(minute,15,start) as datetime)
else
select
DataValue + ,
start
FROM mycte
WHERE DataValue + 1 <= #tot)
select
m.start,
m.start,
m.Datavalue%#inter
from mycte as m
option (maxrecursion 0);
I'll change the select statement into an insert statement once I get it working but the m.DataValue%#inter will make it repeat integer when inserting so the only thing I need is to figure out how to make the start be the same 16 times in a row and then increment
It seems that I cannot have an IF statement in the CTE but I am not sure how to accomplish that but what I was going to do was basically say if the DataValue%16 was 0 then increase the value of start.
In the end I should hopefully have something like this where in this case I only repeat it 4 times
+-----------+-------------------+
| DateValue | start |
+-----------+-------------------+
| 1 | 01/01/01 00:00:00 |
| 2 | 01/01/01 00:00:00 |
| 3 | 01/01/01 00:00:00 |
| 4 | 01/01/01 00:00:00 |
| 5 | 01/01/01 00:15:00 |
| 6 | 01/01/01 00:15:00 |
| 7 | 01/01/01 00:15:00 |
| 8 | 01/01/01 00:15:00 |
Is there another way to accomplish this without conditional statements?
You can use case when as below:
Declare #tot as int;
Declare #inter as int;
Set #tot = 26
Set #inter = 3;
WITH mycte(DataValue,start) AS
(
SELECT 1 DataValue, cast('01/01/2011 00:00:00' as datetime) as start
UNION all
SELECT DataValue+1 [Datavalue],
case when (DataValue % #inter) = 0 then cast(DateAdd(minute,15,start) as datetime) else [start] end [start]
FROM mycte
WHERE (DataValue + 1) <= #tot)
select
m.DataValue,
m.[start]
from mycte as m
option (maxrecursion 0);
This will give the below result
DataValue Start
========= =============
1 2011-01-01 00:00:00.000
2 2011-01-01 00:00:00.000
3 2011-01-01 00:00:00.000
4 2011-01-01 00:15:00.000
5 2011-01-01 00:15:00.000
6 2011-01-01 00:15:00.000
7 2011-01-01 00:30:00.000
8 2011-01-01 00:30:00.000
9 2011-01-01 00:30:00.000
10 2011-01-01 00:45:00.000
11 2011-01-01 00:45:00.000
12 2011-01-01 00:45:00.000
....
26 2011-01-01 02:00:00.000
And if you dont want to use case when you can use double recursive cte as below:-
WITH mycte(DataValue,start) AS
( --this recursive cte will generate the same record the number of #inter
SELECT 1 DataValue, cast('01/01/2011 00:00:00' as datetime) as start
UNION all
SELECT DataValue+1 [DataValue],[start]
FROM mycte
WHERE (DataValue + 1) <= #inter)
,Increments as (
-- this recursive cte will do the 15 additions
select * from mycte
union all
select DataValue+#inter [DataValue]
,DateAdd(minute,15,[start]) [start]
from Increments
WHERE (DataValue + 1) <= #tot
)
select
m.DataValue,
m.[start]
from Increments as m
order by DataValue
option (maxrecursion 0);
it will give the same results.
You can do this with a tally table and some basic math. I'm not sure if your total rows are #tot or should they be #tot * #inter. If so, you just need to change the TOP clause. If you need more rows, you just need to alter the tally table generation.
Declare #tot as int;
Declare #inter as int;
Set #tot = 26
Set #inter = 3;
WITH
E(n) AS(
SELECT n FROM (VALUES(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0))E(n)
),
E2(n) AS(
SELECT a.n FROM E a, E b
),
E4(n) AS(
SELECT a.n FROM E2 a, E2 b
),
cteTally(n) AS(
SELECT TOP( #tot) ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) n
FROM E4
)
SELECT n, DATEADD( MI, 15* ((n-1)/#inter), '20110101')
FROM cteTally;
I am stuck with a problem.
I have some data likes these :
Id Creation date Creation date hour range Id vehicule Id variable Value
1 2017-03-01 9:10 2017-03-01 9:00 1 6 0.18
2 2017-03-01 9:50 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 0.50
3 2017-03-01 9:27 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 null
4 2017-03-01 10:05 2017-03-01 10:00 1 3 0.35
5 2017-03-01 10:17 2017-03-01 10:00 1 3 0.12
6 2017-03-01 9:05 2017-03-01 9:00 1 5 0.04
7 2017-03-01 9:57 2017-03-01 9:00 1 5 null
I need to select rowset group by Id vehicule, Id variable, Creation date hour range and order by group by Id vehicule, Id variable, Creation date where the first Value is null but second value, third value, ... is not null. So, in the sample above, the following rowset :
Id Creation date Creation date hour range Id vehicule Id variable Value
3 2017-03-01 9:27 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 null
2 2017-03-01 9:50 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 0.50
Could you help me please ?
Thank you
You will have no luck with a group by in this case. I would give 2 "if exists" into the where clause to filter all IDs that fit your criteria:
(for example/not tested/probably takes forever)
select *
from yourTable y1
where id in
--the id must be in all IDs, where the first value of the set is null
--same ID instead of group by
(select 1 from yourTable y2 where y1.IDs = y2.IDs and
--the first in the set
y2.createdate = (select min(createdate) from yourtable y3 with sameid) and
y2.value is null)
AND
--the id must also be in the IDs, where there are values besides the first that are not null
id in (same select but with "not min" and "not null" obviously
hope that helped :)
Include the Value field in the ORDER BY clause and it will be sorted to the top because NULL has a lower practical value than a non-NULL value.
Assuming (because your middle paragraph is hard to understand) you want all the fields output but you want the 4th and 5th columns to produce some grouping of the output, with Value = NULL at the top of each group:
SELECT Id, CreatedDate, CreatedDateHourRange, IdVehicule, IdVariable, Value
ORDER BY IdVehicule, IdVariable, Value
I don't see any need for an actual GROUP BY clause.
I think it is unclear as to whether you want to limit the NULL Value rows in each block to just one row of NULL, but if you do you would need to state the order for which the datetime columns are sorted.
indeed group by was no use here. Also I wasn't sure where your 10:00 records were going to. Does this help?
;WITH CTE_ADD_SOME_LOGIC
AS
(
SELECT Id, CreationDate ,CreationDateHourRange ,IdVehicle ,IdVariable ,Value
, CASE WHEN Value IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS VALUE_IS_NULL FROM tbl
),
CTE_MORE_LOGIC
AS
(
SELECT Id, CreationDate ,CreationDateHourRange ,IdVehicle ,IdVariable ,Value,VALUE_IS_NULL
, RANK() OVER (ORDER BY CreationDateHourRange,VALUE_IS_NULL) AS RN FROM CTE_ADD_SOME_LOGIC),
CTE_ORDER
AS
(
SELECT Id, CreationDate ,CreationDateHourRange ,IdVehicle ,IdVariable ,Value,VALUE_IS_NULL, RN
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY RN ORDER BY RN,IdVehicle,IdVariable,CreationDate, VALUE_IS_NULL DESC) AS HIERARCHY FROM CTE_MORE_LOGIC
)
SELECT Id, CreationDate ,CreationDateHourRange ,IdVehicle ,IdVariable ,Value FROM CTE_ORDER WHERE HIERARCHY = 1
ORDER BY Id
Try this Query
DECLARE #Nulloccurrence INT=1 -- Give like 1,2,3 value to get first null occurrence 2 for 2nd null occurrence
SELECT TOP 2 *
FROM cte
WHERE Id <= (
SELECT ID FROM
(
SELECT Id, ROW_NUMBER()OVER( Order by id) AS Seq
FROM cte
WHERE (
CASE
WHEN CAST(variableValue AS VARCHAR) IS NULL
THEN 'P'
ELSE CAST(variableValue AS VARCHAR)
END
) = 'P'
)Dt
WHERE Dt.Seq=#Nulloccurrence
)
ORDER BY 1 DESC
Expected Result
Id Creationdate Creationdatehourrange Ids vehicleId variableValue
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 2017-03-01 9:27 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 NULL
2 2017-03-01 9:50 2017-03-01 9:00 1 3 0.50
For 'where the first Value is null but second value, third value, ... is not null' i suppose you want to filter cases where there is a null and a not null value at [Value] within the set you group by, to decide to filter or not that grouped row. This cannot be filtered on standard WHERE clause because at WHERE clause each row is filtered with conditions relevant to that row scope only. Simply put, each row filtered cannot 'see' other rows unless you use sub-query. You need to use HAVING clause (the comment out is for 2+ null records)
This will work:
> DECLARE #mytbl TABLE(Id INT, [Creation date] DATETIME, [Creation date
> hour range] DATETIME, [Id veh] INT, [Id var] INT, Value INT )
>
> INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES (1,'2017-03-01 9:10 ','2017-03-01 9:00 ',1,
> 6, 0.18) INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES (2,'2017-03-01 9:50 ','2017-03-01
> 9:00 ',1, 3, 0.50) INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES (3,'2017-03-01 9:27
> ','2017-03-01 9:00 ',1, 3, NULL) INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES
> (4,'2017-03-01 10:05','2017-03-01 10:00',1, 3, 0.35) INSERT INTO
> #mytbl VALUES (5,'2017-03-01 10:17','2017-03-01 10:00',1, 3, 0.12)
> INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES (6,'2017-03-01 9:05 ','2017-03-01 9:00 ',1,
> 5, 0.04) INSERT INTO #mytbl VALUES (7,'2017-03-01 9:57 ','2017-03-01
> 9:00 ',1, 5, NULL)
>
> SELECT [Id veh], [Id var],[Creation date hour range] FROM #mytbl GROUP
> BY [Id veh], [Id var],[Creation date hour range] HAVING COUNT([Id
> veh]) - COUNT(Value) = 1
> --HAVING COUNT([Id veh]) - COUNT(Value) >= 1 ORDER BY [Id veh], [Id var],[Creation date hour range]
Title sounds confusing but let me please explain:
I have a table that has two columns that provide a date range, and one column that provides a value. I need to query that table and "detail" the data such as this
Is it possible to do only using TSQL?
Additional Info
The table in question is about 2-3million records long (and growing)
Assuming the range of dates is fairly narrow, an alternative is to use a recursive CTE to create a list of all dates in the range and then join interpolate to it:
WITH LastDay AS
(
SELECT MAX(Date_To) AS MaxDate
FROM MyTable
),
Days AS
(
SELECT MIN(Date_From) AS TheDate
FROM MyTable
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(d, 1, TheDate) AS TheDate
FROM Days CROSS JOIN LastDay
WHERE TheDate <= LastDay.MaxDate
)
SELECT mt.Item_ID, mt.Cost_Of_Item, d.TheDate
FROM MyTable mt
INNER JOIN Days d
ON d.TheDate BETWEEN mt.Date_From AND mt.Date_To;
I've also assumed an that date from and date to represent an inclusive range (i.e. includes both edges) - it is unusual to use inclusive BETWEEN on dates.
SqlFiddle here
Edit
The default MAXRECURSION on a recursive CTE in Sql Server is 100, which will limit the date range in the query to a span of 100 days. You can adjust this to a maximum of 32767.
Also, if you are filtering just a smaller range of dates in your large table, you can adjust the CTE to limit the number of days in the range:
WITH DateRange AS
(
SELECT CAST('2014-01-01' AS DATE) AS MinDate,
CAST('2014-02-16' AS DATE) AS MaxDate
),
Days AS
(
SELECT MinDate AS TheDate
FROM DateRange
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(d, 1, TheDate) AS TheDate
FROM Days CROSS APPLY DateRange
WHERE TheDate <= DateRange.MaxDate
)
SELECT mt.Item_ID, mt.Cost_Of_Item, d.TheDate
FROM MyTable mt
INNER JOIN Days d
ON d.TheDate BETWEEN mt.Date_From AND mt.Date_To
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0);
Update Fiddle
This can be achieved using Cursors.
I've simulated the test data provided and created another table with the name "DesiredTable" to store the data inside, and created the following cusror which achieved exactly what you are looking for:
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE #ITEM_ID int, #COST_OF_ITEM Money,
#DATE_FROM date, #DATE_TO date;
DECLARE #DateDiff INT; -- holds number of days between from & to columns
DECLARE #counter INT = 0; -- for loop counter
PRINT '-------- Begin the Date Expanding Cursor --------';
-- defining the cursor target statement
DECLARE Date_Expanding_Cursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT [ITEM_ID]
,[COST_OF_ITEM]
,[DATE_FROM]
,[DATE_TO]
FROM [dbo].[OriginalTable]
-- openning the cursor
OPEN Date_Expanding_Cursor
-- fetching next row data into the declared variables
FETCH NEXT FROM Date_Expanding_Cursor
INTO #ITEM_ID, #COST_OF_ITEM, #DATE_FROM, #DATE_TO
-- if next row is found
WHILE ##FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
-- calculate the number of days in between the date columns
SELECT #DateDiff = DATEDIFF(day,#DATE_FROM,#DATE_TO)
-- reset the counter to 0 for the next loop
set #counter = 0;
WHILE #counter <= #DateDiff
BEGIN
-- inserting rows inside the new table
insert into DesiredTable
Values (#COST_OF_ITEM, DATEADD(day,#counter,#DATE_FROM))
set #counter = #counter +1
END
-- fetching next row
FETCH NEXT FROM Date_Expanding_Cursor
INTO #ITEM_ID, #COST_OF_ITEM, #DATE_FROM, #DATE_TO
END
-- cleanup code
CLOSE Date_Expanding_Cursor;
DEALLOCATE Date_Expanding_Cursor;
The code fetches every row from your original table, then it calculates the number of days between DATE_FROM and DATE_TO columns, then using this number the script will create identical rows to be inserted inside the new table DesiredTable.
give it a try and let me know of the results.
You can generate an increment table and join it to your date From:
Query:
With inc(n) as (
Select ROW_NUMBER() over (order by (select 1)) -1 From (
Select 1 From (values(1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1)) as x1(n)
Cross Join (values(1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1), (1)) as x2(n)
) as x(n)
)
Select item_id, cost, DATEADD(day, n, dateFrom), n From #dates d
Inner Join inc i on n <= DATEDIFF(day, dateFrom, dateTo)
Order by item_id
Output:
item_id cost Date n
1 100 2014-01-01 00:00:00.000 0
1 100 2014-01-02 00:00:00.000 1
1 100 2014-01-03 00:00:00.000 2
2 105 2014-01-08 00:00:00.000 2
2 105 2014-01-07 00:00:00.000 1
2 105 2014-01-06 00:00:00.000 0
2 105 2014-01-09 00:00:00.000 3
3 102 2014-02-14 00:00:00.000 3
3 102 2014-02-15 00:00:00.000 4
3 102 2014-02-16 00:00:00.000 5
3 102 2014-02-11 00:00:00.000 0
3 102 2014-02-12 00:00:00.000 1
3 102 2014-02-13 00:00:00.000 2
Sample Data:
declare #dates table(item_id int, cost int, dateFrom datetime, dateTo datetime);
insert into #dates(item_id, cost, dateFrom, dateTo) values
(1, 100, '20140101', '20140103')
, (2, 105, '20140106', '20140109')
, (3, 102, '20140211', '20140216');
Yet another way is to create and maintain calendar table, containing all dates for many years (in our app we have table for 30 years or so, extending every year). Then you can just link to calendar:
select <whatever you need>, calendar.day
from <your tables> inner join calendar on calendar.day between <min date> and <max date>
This approach allows to include additional information (holidays etc) in calendar table - sometimes very helpful.