My aim is to compile zlib alongside my application files, I use gcc from tdm-gcc and have cloned the repository https://github.com/madler/zlib
in /example there is a zpipe.c file which utilizes the library but I can't seem to get it compiling on windows.
I've added -lz to the end of my compile command and I receive /x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lz error.
If I try to compile with just -Izlib I end up with these errors:
$ gcc -Izlib zpipe.c -o zpipe
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x6a): undefined reference to `deflateInit_'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0xca): undefined reference to `deflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x12e): undefined reference to `deflate'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x1be): undefined reference to `deflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x23c): undefined reference to `deflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x2c0): undefined reference to `inflateInit_'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x320): undefined reference to `inflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x36f): undefined reference to `inflate'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x3d1): undefined reference to `inflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x440): undefined reference to `inflateEnd'
C:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\[redacted]\AppData\Local\Temp\ccjXicsi.o:zpipe.c:(.text+0x474): undefined reference to `inflateEnd'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Any help is greatly appreciated! I've searched stack overflow and tried all the suggestions and also googled and I'm still having issues.
The errors seem trivial and I've fixed such errors in the past, but this one I'm stuck on and I'm not sure what else to try.
1) Creating the static library.
Inside the zlib folder where the .c and .h files are located running gcc -c *.c will generate .o files that can be used to build the library.
after you have the .o files, running ar -rc libz.a *.o will generate a libz.a file, this will allow you to link via -lz
2) Compiling zpipe.c into zpipe.exe
put zpipe.c into the folder where libz.a is located, this is for simplicity when compiling.
running gcc -L. zpipe.c -o zpipe.exe -lz will create zpipe.exe.
3) Quick demo
Create a file hello.txt with Hello World! inside.
Run ./zpipe.exe < hello.txt > output.txt this will inflate the data in hello.txt and put it in output.txt
Run ./zpipe.exe -d < output.txt > original.txt to decompress the file and you will see Hello World! inside original.txt
Definitions
-L. tells gcc to use the current folder for the header files.
-lz tells gcc to compile with a static library who's name starts with lib and ends in .a for eg. libexample.a would be -lexample
When using MSYS2 shell it's quite simple, just run the following commands (replace /usr/local with the desired location):
INSTALLPREFIX=/usr/local
wget -c http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz
tar xfz zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.12
make -f win32/Makefile.gcc install \
SHARED_MODE=1 \
INCLUDE_PATH=$INSTALLPREFIX/include \
LIBRARY_PATH=$INSTALLPREFIX/lib \
BINARY_PATH=$INSTALLPREFIX/bin
Related
I'm working on a program in which I use PDCurses3.5 functions using i686-w64-mingw32-gcc.exe.
When I compile the program, I keep getting errors such as "undefined reference to 'COLS'", "undefined reference to 'lines'".
I have checked that <curses.h> header and the library package properly installed.
Here is my input line:
> i686-w64-mingw32-gcc.exe set.o read.o elements.o random.o
> -L../standard/test -lplotfit -lplotget -lgfortran -Wl,--subsystem,console -mwindows -o runtime/mingw/result -lm -static -lws2_32 -lpdcurses
And the first part of the error is:
../standard/bin/mingw/menu.o:menu.c:(.text+0xb): undefined reference to `COLS'
../standard/bin/mingw/menu.o:menu.c:(.text+0x16): undefined reference to `COLS'
../standard/bin/mingw/menu.o:menu.c:(.text+0x33): undefined reference to `LINES'
../standard/bin/mingw/menu.o:menu.c:(.text+0x47): undefined reference to `MOVE'
../standard/bin/mingw/menu.o:menu.c:(.text+0x74): undefined reference to `initscr'
...
It seems the program cannot refer to libpdcurses.a in its library file.
What am I doing wrong?
When you use -lpdcurses, the linker looks for libpdcurses.a in certain predefined locations, plus those specified via -L. But, by default, the library is built as pdcurses.a. To link it, you can directly specify its location; e.g.:
gcc -oprogname.exe progname.c pdcurses.a
or
gcc -oprog2.exe prog2.c /pdcurses/win32/pdcurses.a
Alternatively, you can rename the library to libpdcurses.a, and either copy it to a location in the existing search path, or use -L:
gcc -oprogname.exe progname.c -lpdcurses
or
gcc -oprog2.exe prog2.c -L/pdcurses/win32 -lpdcurses
The problem I have is the "undefined reference to '_imp__...' " error that comes up when I build my project. I am using Windows 7, MinGW, Eclipse and .lib and .dll file that I did not make, but I took directly from the company that sold me their product.
I link with the -l command the HRDL.lib file and i have the PicoHRDL.dll at the same directory. The lib file is found (I'm sure about this), but the error comes up. I have included the complete path with the -L command. I have included the header file with the declarations of the functions, I get the undefined reference to, but the error is still there.
I have contacted both Eclipse support and Picotech support (the said company) but they weren't able to locate the problem till now.
These are the commands:
gcc -O0 -g -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -o ACD_SOURCE.o "..\\ACD_SOURCE.c"
gcc "-LC:\\Users\\Falamana\\Desktop\\Eclipse\\ADC_project1\\Libraries" -shared -o libADC_24_DataLogger_App.exe ACD_SOURCE.o -lHRDL
These are the errors:
ACD_SOURCE.o: In function `main':
C:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Debug/../ACD_SOURCE.c:70:
undefined reference to `_imp__HRDLGetUnitInfo#16'
C:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Debug/../ACD_SOURCE.c:99:
undefined reference to `_imp__HRDLCloseUnit#4'
ACD_SOURCE.o: In function `SelectUnit':
C:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Debug/../ACD_SOURCE.c:115:
undefined reference to `_imp__HRDLGetUnitInfo#16'
C:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Debug/../ACD_SOURCE.c:167:
undefined reference to `_imp__HRDLGetUnitInfo#16'
In my case it helpt to add -mwindows flag to linker options.
Note that in your compiling information, the -L option symbol should be out of the quote. That's to say, the
gcc "-LC:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Libraries" -shared -o libADC_24_DataLogger_App.exe ACD_SOURCE.o -lHRDL
should be
gcc -L"C:\Users\Falamana\Desktop\Eclipse\ADC_project1\Libraries" -shared -o libADC_24_DataLogger_App.exe ACD_SOURCE.o -lHRDL
So please check your configuration of the lib directory in whatever IDE you are using, util the gcc line of compiling information looks normal( util -L stands right ahead of the quote character).
I have two static library files (.a) and one bitecode file (.bc) ,which created with an opt pass.In this bitecode file i have added my own code and in this code i need to call a function which is declared in the static libraries. I 've noticed that the llvm-ld tool no longer exists for clang newer versions so i tried two different ways to link these three files (two libraries and one bitecode file):
1. try to link with gcc :
create with llc the object file of file.bc
$llc -filetype=obj file.bc -o file.o
link object and libs with gcc
$gcc -I lib1.a lib2.a -O3 file.o -o file
these commands give me this error:
file.o: In function `main':
file.bc:(.text+0xc0): undefined reference to `function_in_lib'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
(function_in_lib is the function that i need to call from lib and compilers can't find this function)
2. the second way is with ld command
create with llc the object file of file.bc
$llc -filetype=obj file.bc -o file.o
link object and libs with ld
$ld -o linked lib1.a lib2.a file.o -lc
these commands give me this error:
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 00000000004002b0
new.o: In function `main':
new.bc:(.text+0xc0): undefined reference to `function_in_lib'
i tried to change the order of arguments but i have more errors when i did it.I think that the fault become from the linking,any idea?
The reason you're getting undefined references is because you're linking your libraries in the wrong way. A linker works in an incremental order - it looks at the first file you provided and gathers a list of things that file references but can't be found. Then the linker moves onto the next library and does the same thing, but also looks for opportunities to fix the undefined references from the previous libraries.
The reason that ld can't find function_in_lib is because it links file.o after the libraries and therefore doesn't get a chance to fill in the references that file.o requires. If you're looking for more specifics about linking and why you're running into this problem, this is a pretty good introduction.
If you just want to fix your problem, move the library files to after file.o in your command, i.e.
ld -o linked file.o lib1.a lib2.a -lc
I am trying to compile a C program, while linking the APR library.
I am getting the following error message:
cc -g -Wall -pthread -I/usr/local/apr/include/apr-1 -I/usr/local/apr/include/apr-util-1 -L/usr/local/apr/lib -L .aprutil-1 -L .apr-1 devpkg.c bstrlib.o db.o shell.o commands.o -o devpkg
/tmp/cczC53x5.o: In function `main':
/home/yotam/Dropbox/Development/C/devpkg/devpkg.c:14: undefined reference to `apr_pool_initialize'
/home/yotam/Dropbox/Development/C/devpkg/devpkg.c:15: undefined reference to `apr_pool_create_ex'
/home/yotam/Dropbox/Development/C/devpkg/devpkg.c:29: undefined reference to `apr_getopt_init'
/home/yotam/Dropbox/Development/C/devpkg/devpkg.c:31: undefined reference to `apr_getopt'
db.o: In function `DB_init':
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/db.c:89: undefined reference to `apr_pool_initialize'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/db.c:90: undefined reference to `apr_pool_create_ex'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/db.c:93: undefined reference to `apr_dir_make_recursive'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/db.c:105: undefined reference to `apr_pool_destroy'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/db.c:109: undefined reference to `apr_pool_destroy'
shell.o: In function `Shell_exec':
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:16: undefined reference to `apr_pool_create_ex'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:38: undefined reference to `apr_pool_destroy'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:44: undefined reference to `apr_pool_destroy'
shell.o: In function `Shell_run':
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:55: undefined reference to `apr_procattr_create'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:58: undefined reference to `apr_procattr_io_set'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:62: undefined reference to `apr_procattr_dir_set'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:65: undefined reference to `apr_procattr_cmdtype_set'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:68: undefined reference to `apr_proc_create'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/shell.c:71: undefined reference to `apr_proc_wait'
commands.o: In function `Command_fetch':
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:44: undefined reference to `apr_uri_parse'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:48: undefined reference to `apr_fnmatch'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:51: undefined reference to `apr_fnmatch'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:70: undefined reference to `apr_fnmatch'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:78: undefined reference to `apr_dir_make_recursive'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:84: undefined reference to `apr_fnmatch'
/home/yotam/Development/C/devpkg/commands.c:90: undefined reference to `apr_dir_make_recursive'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [devpkg] Error 1
Here is my makefile, it should be able to compile on different computers, where the PREFIX variable is the location relative to the computer.
(this program in essence should one day be portable to any OS. for now I would just like to be able to compile it successfully)
PREFIX?=/usr/local
LDFLAGS= -L${PREFIX}/apr/lib -L .aprutil-1 -L .apr-1
CFLAGS=-g -Wall -pthread -I${PREFIX}/apr/include/apr-1 -I${PREFIX}/apr/include/apr-util-1
all: devpkg
devpkg: bstrlib.o db.o shell.o commands.o
install: all \
install -d $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin/ \
install devpkg $(DESTDIR)/$(PREFIX)/bin/
clean:
rm -f *.o \
rm -f devpkg \
rm -rf *.dSYM
I've gone and searched for it myself in the folders and this is what I got:
yotam#yotam-HP-ProBook-450://usr$ grep -r apr_pool_initialize .
./local/apr/include/apr-1/apr_pools.h:APR_DECLARE(apr_status_t) apr_pool_initialize(void);
Binary file ./local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.4.6 matches
Binary file ./local/apr/lib/libapr-1.a matches
Binary file ./local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.5.1 matches
Binary file ./local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.4.5 matches
./local/apr/lib/apr.exp:apr_pool_initialize
After the reaserch I did, I clearly understand that this is a linker problem. but I wasn't able to find the command to do the trick.
Thanks in advance.
Looks like you're missing the link option that tells cc which library to link with. I'm not sure what .aprutil-1 and .apr-1 are in your LDFLAGS macro, since you specify them with -L, I will assume they are directories.
However, if you change your line to add the -l option to specify the library, it should get you closer.
EDIT: Because the linker is a single pass tool, all the libraries need to be listed after the objects, so the symbols will not be optimized away. LDLIBS is a typical name for the macro where libraries are specified, and you can tack them on to the end of the compile/link command and it should work.
LDFLAGS= -L${PREFIX}/apr/lib -L .aprutil-1 -L .apr-1
LDLIBS= -lapr-1 -laprutil-1
The last two args tell the linker which library names (prepended with lib and appended with .a) to use. The -L option specifies additional directories to search for libraries, it doesn't actually include anything.
Alternatively, you can also set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to point to your library directories.
You can consult this site (among others) as a reference, if you need more help debugging.
Try replacing LDFLAGS with LDLIBS, as in:
LDLIBS=-L${PREFIX}/apr/lib -lapr-1 -pthread -laprutil-1
instead of:
LDFLAGS=-L${PREFIX}/apr/lib -lapr-1 -pthread -laprutil-1
This is because the LDFLAGS variable is meant for non-library options for the linker, whereas in this case you are using libraries.
I use MinGW to create, and my lua version is 5.1.4 the followings are my steps:
swig -lua example.i
gcc -c example_wrap.c -I C:\Lua\5.1\include
gcc -c example.c -I C:\Lua\5.1\include
gcc -shared example_wrap.o example.o -o example.dll
errors ocurrs at last step, here are some part of the errors information
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2aef): undefined reference to `lua_gettop'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2afe): undefined reference to `lua_gettop'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2b2d): undefined reference to `lua_pushfstring'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2b38): undefined reference to `lua_error'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2b67): undefined reference to `lua_pushnumber'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2ec0): undefined reference to `lua_pushvalue'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2ee3): undefined reference to `lua_pushstring'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2efe): undefined reference to `lua_pushcclosure'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2f11): undefined reference to `lua_rawset'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2f24): undefined reference to `lua_pushstring'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2f3f): undefined reference to `lua_pushcclosure'
example_wrap.o:example_wrap.c:(.text+0x2f52): undefined reference to `lua_rawset'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
it seems that I didn't include the lua header?
so I also try these commands but no use
gcc -shared example_wrap.o example.o -I C:\Lua\5.1\include -o example.dll
so any suggestions?
Try to link with this command:
gcc -LC:\Lua\5.1\bin -shared example_wrap.o example.o -llua51 -o example.dll
the path in the -LC:\Lua\5.1\bin part should point to the directory where you have your lua51.dll (I assumed bin, as in my system, but change it to suit your installation).