Initialize SQL Server database in docker container without sqlcmd - sql-server

Question

I am working on a MacBook Pro with M1 CPU so I can't use the "normal" mssql docker image. I am using azure-sql-edge that doesn't have sqlcmd to initialize the database (create schema, database, login).
I have created a sql script that I would like to run once the container starts but I can't find any alternative to sqlcmd.
Is there any other way to do it?

Answer 1

I had same issue, I used mssql-tools docker image from Microsoft registry.
Sample docker-compose:
---
version: '3.8'
services:
mssql:
image: mcr.microsoft.com/azure-sql-edge:latest
command: /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
environment:
ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
SA_PASSWORD: "SA_Passw0rd"
stdin_open: true
ports:
- 1433:1433
networks:
- db_net
sqlcmd:
image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql-tools:latest
command: /opt/mssql_scripts/run-initialization.sh
stdin_open: true
volumes:
- ./mssql_scripts:/opt/mssql_scripts
networks:
- db_net
networks:
db_net:
name: db_net
To use this docker-compose you need to have a shell script named run-initialization.sh with execute rights inside mssql_scripts folder.
The run-initialization.sh script waits for database to start up and then execute sql commands:
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S mssql -U SA -P SA_Passw0rd -d master -Q "SELECT version()"
or if you want to execute from test.sql file:
/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S mssql -U SA -P SA_Passw0rd -d master -i /opt/mssql_scripts/test.sql

Answer 2

The solution above worked for me using Mac M1 chip, don't need to create a shell script can run the commands direct.
sqlcmd:
image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql-tools:latest
stdin_open: true
environment:
- MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=Xxx
- MSSQL_DATABASE=test
- MSSQL_BACKUP="/opt/mssql/test.bak"
volumes:
- ./test_data.bak:/opt/mssql/test.bak
command: /bin/bash -c '/opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S mssql -U sa -P $$MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD -d tempdb -q "EXIT(RESTORE DATABASE $$MSSQL_DATABASE FROM DISK = $$MSSQL_BACKUP)"; wait;'
mssql:
image: mcr.microsoft.com/azure-sql-edge:latest
environment:
- ACCEPT_EULA=Y
- MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=Xxxx
- MSSQL_DATABASE=test
- MSSQL_SLEEP=7
ports:
- 1433:1433

Answer 3

Since I am starting a new project I looked into this issue again and found a good solution for me.
I found go-sqlcmd, a new implementation of sqlcmd using golang and it's compatible with M1 chips.
So I am running azure-sql-edge as before using docker compose:
version: "3.9"
services:
mssql:
image: mcr.microsoft.com/azure-sql-edge:latest
command: /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr
environment:
ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"
SA_PASSWORD: ${DATABASE_SA_PASSWORD}
stdin_open: true
ports:
- 1433:1433
When the database container is up and in idle I run this bash script (in my case I am reading the environmnet variables from a .NET appsettings.json file):
cat <appsetting.json> | jq -r 'to_entries|map("\(.key)=\(.value|tostring)")|.[]' > temp
# Show env vars
grep -v '^#' temp
# Export env vars
export $(grep -v '^#' temp | xargs)
export SQLCMDPASSWORD=$DATABASE_SA_PASSWORD
sqlcmd -U sa \
-v DATABASE_SCHEMA=$DATABASE_SCHEMA \
-v DATABASE_DB_NAME=$DATABASE_DB_NAME \
-v DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME=$DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME \
-v DATABASE_LOGIN_PASSWORD=$DATABASE_LOGIN_PASSWORD \
-i sql/init-db.sql,sql/init-user.sql
I had to split the database and schema creation in a script, then I create the user and assign it to the database.
The sql scripts, init-db.sql:
USE master
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.schemas WHERE name = N'$(DATABASE_SCHEMA)')
BEGIN
EXEC sys.sp_executesql N'CREATE SCHEMA [$(DATABASE_SCHEMA)] AUTHORIZATION [dbo]'
END
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name = N'$(DATABASE_DB_NAME)')
BEGIN
CREATE DATABASE $(DATABASE_DB_NAME)
END
init-user.sql:
USE $(DATABASE_DB_NAME)
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT principal_id FROM sys.server_principals WHERE name = '$(DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME)') BEGIN
CREATE LOGIN $(DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME)
WITH PASSWORD = '$(DATABASE_LOGIN_PASSWORD)'
END
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT principal_id FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name = '$(DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME)') BEGIN
CREATE USER $(DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME) FOR LOGIN $(DATABASE_LOGIN_NAME)
END