Blazor Wasm Hosted. .Net 6.0. AAD and API - azure-active-directory

I'm trying to put two things working at the same time and I have no luck.
In my .Net 6 Blazor WebAssembly Hosted, I can log to Azure AD accounts and it works fine following the sample:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/blazor/security/webassembly/hosted-with-azure-active-directory?view=aspnetcore-6.0
Also, I can log to Microsoft Graph following this:
https://github.com/microsoftgraph/msgraph-training-blazor-clientside
But what I want is to be able to have a token valid for both. I want to call to Microsoft Graph and to call to my API from the server side.
Any idea how to mix both "samples" to make it work? I think the only I need is to "mix" in the program.cs this:
builder.Services.AddHttpClient("ReservasSalasAuth.ServerAPI", client =>
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(builder.HostEnvironment.BaseAddress))
.AddHttpMessageHandler<BaseAddressAuthorizationMessageHandler>();
builder.Services.AddScoped(sp => sp.GetRequiredService<IHttpClientFactory>().CreateClient("ReservasSalasAuth.ServerAPI"));
And this:
builder.Services.AddScoped(sp => new HttpClient { BaseAddress = new Uri("https://graph.microsoft.com") });
But I have no luck...

After some more investigation...I realize that the order in the AddMsalAuthentication makes the difference...
builder.Services.AddMsalAuthentication<RemoteAuthenticationState, CustomUserAccount>(options =>
{
builder.Configuration.Bind("AzureAd", options.ProviderOptions.Authentication);
var ApiScope = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("ApiScope");
options.ProviderOptions.DefaultAccessTokenScopes.Add(ApiScope);
options.UserOptions.RoleClaim = "appRole";
var scopes = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("GraphScopes");
foreach (var scope in scopes.Split(';'))
{
options.ProviderOptions.DefaultAccessTokenScopes.Add(scope);
}
}).AddAccountClaimsPrincipalFactory<RemoteAuthenticationState, CustomUserAccount, GraphUserAccountFactory>();
This way, I take the Scope for the Api an it works the Api call but not the Graph call.
builder.Services.AddMsalAuthentication<RemoteAuthenticationState, CustomUserAccount>(options =>
{
builder.Configuration.Bind("AzureAd", options.ProviderOptions.Authentication);
options.UserOptions.RoleClaim = "appRole";
var scopes = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("GraphScopes");
foreach (var scope in scopes.Split(';'))
{
options.ProviderOptions.DefaultAccessTokenScopes.Add(scope);
}
var ApiScope = builder.Configuration.GetValue<string>("ApiScope");
options.ProviderOptions.DefaultAccessTokenScopes.Add(ApiScope);
}).AddAccountClaimsPrincipalFactory<RemoteAuthenticationState, CustomUserAccount, GraphUserAccountFactory>();
And changing the order I put the scopes, it works the Graph call but not the API call.
Any ideas to make it work both two?

I had this same issue. You CAN'T use Msal to operate on two different authority.
So if you want to use graph and your api in the same time you need to chose One to use Msal with and for the other one you need to make the entire requirement yourself. So ask for authorize code, use it to get new access token and then use this new one for your second Http client as bearer in the header.
So yes you cannot achieve what you want with only one login.
Here look at last comment from Allen Wu
https://stackoverflow.com/a/65694725

Related

Use Graph inside a multitenant azure function (App credentials)

i 'm working on an azure functions that make some graph call to different tenant (multitenant)
I want to reuse a GraphServiceClient and leveraging token cache
I generate the GraphServiceClient in this way:
List<string> scopes = new List<string>() { "https://graph.microsoft.com/.default" };
var authProvider = ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder.Create("e9b93362-a788-4644-8623-da9f4d4776a7")
.WithAuthority(AzureCloudInstance.AzurePublic, AadAuthorityAudience.AzureAdMultipleOrgs)
.WithClientSecret("fkpx53225awyQJDHV35:^][")
.Build();
var dd = new MsalAuthenticationProvider(authProvider, scopes.ToArray(),"ugochotmail.onmicrosoft.com");
var appGraphClient = new GraphServiceClient(dd);
Than i should call
authResult = await _clientApplication.AcquireTokenForClient(_scopes)
.WithAuthority(AzureCloudInstance.AzurePublic, Tenant)
.ExecuteAsync();
To obtain a token for the app to access the specific tenant.
The problem is in the authentication provider that is call on every send request but doen't offer a parameter with the tenant name
public async Task AuthenticateRequestAsync(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
var token = await GetTokenAsync();
request.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("bearer", token);
}
At the moment i just add a property to the Authentication provider to set the tenant. It works but i would like to know if there is a better solution
Per my understanding, it seems your function doesn't allow a parameter which specify the tenant name and then use the tenant name when do GetTokenAsync() method. And now you can just hardcode the tenant name in the line new MsalAuthenticationProvider(... to specify the tenant.
For this problem, I think you can add a variable named tenant in the "Application settings" of your function app (as below screenshot show).
Then add a line of code string tenant = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("tenant"); above var token = await GetTokenAsync();
After that, you can add parameter in method GetTokenAsync() like GetTokenAsync(tenant). Then you do not need to hardcode tenant name in code, you just need to change the tenant name in "Application settings" of your function.
If I misunderstand your requirement, please provide more details.
=============================Update===============================
It seems you just want to specify the tenant in your code by a parameter, but not add the tenant name as a property in var dd = new MsalAuthenticationProvider(authProvider, scopes.ToArray(),"tenant name");. If so, you can refer to the code below (just add a line .WithTenantId("xxx.onmicrosoft.com") when do ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder)
No it doesn't fix the problem as, in a multitenant, the target tenant is send as a parameter to the function. I'm working on an other approach i will come back when i will finish tests.
Thanks a lot

Implement one general Authorization Service which should be called when I put Authorize attribute on it in multiple applications/APIs

Has anyone an idear what to use as a general Authorization Service and have an working code example or good implementation steps how to implement such of thing.
It takes a lot of time to look what I am after, but didn't found any satisfied solution yet.
IdentityServer is not an option, while my permissions can not be stored as claims, because of the size of the token. It comes with about 200 persmissions, so it should be done in a dbcontext or something.
I looked at the PolicyServer, but it wasn't working as I expected. When I installed it at the IS4 application, it works on the IS4 controllers, but when the Authorize is called from an external application, it doesn't call the Authorize override at all were it should check the permissions.
And it seems that the permissions aren't set in the external application either in the User.Claims or what so ever. I'm missing some settings I think.
What I want to accomplish is that I have one permissions store (table) (which for example contains a bunch of index, add, edit or delete button or what so ever). The should be given to the autheniticated user which is logged in. But this single persmission-store should be available at all applications or APIs I run, so that the Authorize attribute can do his job.
I think it shouldn't be so hard to do, so I'm missing a good working example how to implement something like this and what is working.
Who can help me with this to get this done?
I wrote some code to get the permissions by API call and use that in the IsInRole override. But when I declare it with the Authorize attr, it will not get in the method:
[ApiController]
1) [Authorize]
public class AuthController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly IdentityContext _context;
public AuthController(IdentityContext context)
{
_context = context ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(context));
}
[HttpGet()]
[Route("api/auth/isinrole")]
public bool IsInRole(string role)
{
2) if (User.FindFirst("sub")?.Value != null)
{
var userID = Guid.Parse(User.FindFirst("sub")?.Value);
if([This is the code that checks if user has role])
return true;
}
return false;
This is the IsInRole override (ClaimsPrincipal.IsInRole override):
public override bool IsInRole(string role)
{
var httpClient = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient("AuthClient");
3) var accessToken = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken).Result;
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", accessToken);
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "/api/auth/isinrole/?id=" + role);
var response = httpClient.SendAsync(request, HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead).Result;
etc...
This isn't working while it is not sending the access_token in the request
The 'sub' isn't send
Is always null
The open source version of the PolicyServer is a local implementation. All it does is read the permissions from a store (in the sample a config file) and transform them into claims using middleware.
In order to use the permissions you'll have to add this middleware in all projects where you want to use the permissions.
Having local permissions, you can't have conflicts with other resources. E.g. being an admin in api1 doesn't mean you are admin in api2 as well.
But decentralized permissions may be hard to maintain. That's why you probably want a central server for permissions, where the store actually calls the policy server rather than read the permissions from a local config file.
For that you'll need to add a discriminator in order to distinguish between resources. I use scopes, because that's the one thing that both the client and the resource share.
It also keeps the response small, you only have to request the permissions for a certain scope instead of all permissions.
The alternative is to use IdentityServer as-is. But instead of JWT tokens use reference tokens.
The random string is a lot shorter, but requires the client and / or resource to request the permissions by sending the reference token to the IdentityServer. This may be close to how the PolicyServer works, but with less control on the response.
There is an alternative to your solution and that is to use a referense token instead of a JWT-token. A reference token is just an opaque identifier and when a client receives this token, he has go to and look up the real token and details via the backend. The reference token does not contain any information. Its just a lookup identifier that the client can use against IdentiyServer
By using this your tokens will be very small.
Using reference token is just one option available to you.
see the documentation about Reference Tokens

Need advice on getting access token with multiple Task in Microsoft.Graph

I use Microsoft.Graph to make app only calls against Azure AD.
In a nutshell, my code is the following (C# .NET 4.5):
Task userQueryTask = Task.Run(async () =>
{
IGraphServiceUsersCollectionPage users = await connection.GraphService.Users.Request().Select(userSelect).Filter(userFilter).GetAsync();
}, cts.Token);
Task groupQueryTask = Task.Run(async () =>
{
IGraphServiceGroupsCollectionPage groups = await connection.GraphService.Groups.Request().Select(groupSelect).Filter(groupFilter).GetAsync();
}, cts.Token);
Task.WaitAll(new Task[2] { userQueryTask, groupQueryTask }, Constants.timeout, cts.Token);
Here are my questions:
Is it a good practice to use the same GraphServiceClient object in 2 tasks running in parallel?
I noticed that the first time this code runs, both tasks call https://login.microsoftonline.com/myDomain.onMicrosoft.com/oauth2/token to get an access token, and then they query Azure AD through https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/. Should I try to improve this and avoid that both tasks get an access token?
Side question: do I need to do anything to handle the refresh of the access token?
Thank you
Is it a good practice to use the same GraphServiceClient object in 2 tasks running in parallel?
As Robert Anderson answered about Recommended lifetime for a GraphServiceClient instance:
The Graph client object is thread-safe and re-entrant. It is a container containing configuration, providers, and helpers for constructing request objects via a builder pattern.
Since the GraphServiceClient is thread-safe, you could re-use the same instance across multiple threads. AFAIK, If you create a lot of HttpClient instances to access the related Graph APIs, you also may need to re-use a set of instances, or you may encounter the memory-leak issue.
Should I try to improve this and avoid that both tasks get an access token?
Per my experience, you'd better use the same access_token instead of generating token for each task. Also, you could create a TokenHelper class to cache the acquired access_token and record the expire time. Under the GetTokenAsync method, you need to validate the current access_token (if null, then get a new token; if the token would be expired soon, then acquire a new token again).
var graphClient = new GraphServiceClient(
"https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0",
new DelegateAuthenticationProvider(
async (requestMessage) =>
{
var token = await TokenHelper.GetTokenAsync();
requestMessage.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("bearer", token);
}));
Note: The TokenHelper.GetTokenAsync method may needs to be thread-safe.

Inviting a User in Azure AD through Microsoft Graph API doesn't work

Below is the code that I have put to invite a user in Azure AD.
I get an "unauthorized" response. I am not sure what permission/setting are missing. Do anyone have the idea.
string accessToken = await AuthenticationHelper.GetTokenForApplication ();
InvitationModel invite = new InvitationModel ();
invite.invitedUserEmailAddress = user.Email;
invite.inviteRedirectUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["InviteRedirectUrl"];
invite.sendInvitationMessage = true;
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient ()) {
client.BaseAddress = new Uri ("https://graph.microsoft.com");
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add (
new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue ("application/json"));
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization =
new AuthenticationHeaderValue ("Bearer", accessToken);
HttpResponseMessage response =
client.PostAsJsonAsync<InvitationModel> ("v1.6/invitations", invite).Result;
dynamic inviteResult =
response.Content.ReadAsAsync<dynamic> ().Result;
if (inviteResult.status != "Error") { }
}
You're problem is that you conflating Microsoft Graph and Azure AD Graph here. These are two distinct APIs with different calling conversions and permission scopes.
In order to create an Invitation you will need one of the following permission scopes (Note that the first is the most restrictive permission (globally), the last the most permissive):
User.Invite.All
User.ReadWrite.All
Directory.ReadWrite.All
Note that all of these scopes are admin-restricted and will require Admin Consent before you can use them
Once you have a valid token, you'll need to make a POSTcall to https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/invitations with the following body:
{
"invitedUserEmailAddress": "yyy#test.com",
"inviteRedirectUrl": "https://myapp.com"
}
Since you're using C#, I would strongly recommend using Microsoft Graph Client Library rather than hand-rolling your own HttpClient calls.

Building realtime app using Laravel and Latchet websocket

I'm building a closed app (users need to authenticate in order to use it). I'm having trouble in identifying the currently authenticated user from my Latchet session. Since apache does not support long-lived connections, I host Latchet on a separate server instance. This means that my users receive two session_id's. One for each connection. I want to be able to identify the current user for both connections.
My client code is a SPA based on AngularJS. For client WS, I'm using the Autobahn.ws WAMP v1 implementation. The ab framework specifies methods for authentication: http://autobahn.ws/js/reference_wampv1.html#session-authentication, but how exactly do I go about doing this?
Do I save the username and password on the client and retransmit these once login is performed (which by the way is separate from the rest of my SPA)? If so, won't this be a security concearn?
And what will receive the auth request server side? I cannot find any examples of this...
Please help?
P.S. I do not have reputation enough to create the tag "Latchet", so I'm using Ratchet (which Latchet is built on) instead.
Create an angularjs service called AuthenticationService, inject where needed and call it with:
AuthenticationService.check('login_name', 'password');
This code exists in a file called authentication.js. It assumes that autobahn is already included. I did have to edit this code heavily removing all the extra crap I had in it,it may have a syntax error or two, but the idea is there.
angular.module(
'top.authentication',
['top']
)
.factory('AuthenticationService', [ '$rootScope', function($rootScope) {
return {
check: function(aname, apwd) {
console.log("here in the check function");
$rootScope.loginInfo = { channel: aname, secret: apwd };
var wsuri = 'wss://' + '192.168.1.11' + ':9000/';
$rootScope.loginInfo.wsuri = wsuri;
ab.connect(wsuri,
function(session) {
$rootScope.loginInfo.session = session;
console.log("connected to " + wsuri);
onConnect(session);
},
function(code,reason) {
$rootScope.loginInfo.session = null;
if ( code == ab.CONNECTION_UNSUPPORTED) {
console.log(reason);
} else {
console.log('failed');
$rootScope.isLoggedIn = 'false';
}
}
);
function onConnect(sess) {
console.log('onConnect');
var wi = $rootScope.loginInfo;
sess.authreq(wi.channel).then(
function(challenge) {
console.log("onConnect().then()");
var secret = ab.deriveKey(wi.secret,JSON.parse(challenge).authextra);
var signature = sess.authsign(challenge, secret);
sess.auth(signature).then(onAuth, ab.log);
},ab.log
);
}
function onAuth(permission) {
$rootScope.isLoggedIn = 'true';
console.log("authentication complete");
// do whatever you need when you are logged in..
}
}
};
}])
then you need code (as you point out) on the server side. I assume your server side web socket is php coding. I can't help with that, haven't coded in php for over a year. In my case, I use python, I include the autobahn gear, then subclass WampCraServerProtocol, and replace a few of the methods (onSessionOpen, getAuthPermissions, getAuthSecret, onAuthenticated and onClose) As you can envision, these are the 'other side' of the angular code knocking at the door. I don't think autobahn supports php, so, you will have to program the server side of the authentication yourself.
Anyway, my backend works much more like what #oberstat describes. I establish authentication via old school https, create a session cookie, then do an ajax requesting a 'ticket' (which is a temporary name/password which i associate with the web authenticated session). It is a one use name/password and must be used in a few seconds or it disappears. The point being I don't have to keep the user's credentials around, i already have the cookie/session which i can create tickets that can be used. this has a neat side affect as well, my ajax session becomes related to my web socket session, a query on either is attributed to the same session in the backend.
-g
I can give you a couple of hints regarding WAMP-CRA, which is the authentication mechnism this is referring:
WAMP-CRA does not send passwords over the wire. It works by a challenge-response scheme. The client and server have a shared secret. To authenticate a client, the server will send a challenge (something random) that the client needs to sign - using the secret. And only the signature is sent back. The client might store the secret in browser local storage. It's never sent.
In a variant of above, the signing of the challenge the server sends is not directly signed within the client, but the client might let the signature be created from an Ajax request. This is useful when the client was authenticated using other means already (e.g. classical cookie based), and the signing can then be done in the classical web app that was authenticating.
Ok, Greg was kind enough to provide a full example of the client implementation on this, so I wont do anything more on that. It works with just a few tweaks and modifications to almost any use-case I can think of. I will mark his answer as the correct one. But his input only covered the theory of the backend implementation, so I will try to fill in the blanks here for postparity.
I have to point out though, that the solution here is not complete as it does not give me a shared session between my SPA/REST connection and my WS connection.
I discovered that the authentication request transmitted by autobahn is in fact a variant of RPC and for some reason has hardcoded topic names curiously resembling regular url's:
- 'http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#authreq' - for auth requests
- 'http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#auth' - for signed auth client responses
I needed to create two more routes in my Laravel routes.php
// WS CRA routes
Latchet::topic('http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#authreq', 'app\\socket\\AuthReqController');
Latchet::topic('http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#auth', 'app\\socket\\AuthReqController');
Now a Latchet controller has 4 methods: subscribe, publish, call and unsubscribe. Since both the authreq and the auth calls made by autobahn are RPC calls, they are handled by the call method on the controller.
The solution first proposed by oberstet and then backed up by Greg, describes a temporary auth key and secret being generated upon request and held temporarily just long enough to be validated by the WS CRA procedure. I've therefore created a REST endpoint which generates a persisted key value pair. The endpoint is not included here, as I am sure that this is trivial.
class AuthReqController extends BaseTopic {
public function subscribe ($connection, $topic) { }
public function publish ($connection, $topic, $message, array $exclude, array $eligible) { }
public function unsubscribe ($connection, $topic) { }
public function call ($connection, $id, $topic, array $params) {
switch ($topic) {
case 'http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#authreq':
return $this->getAuthenticationRequest($connection, $id, $topic, $params);
case 'http://api.wamp.ws/procedure#auth':
return $this->processAuthSignature($connection, $id, $topic, $params);
}
}
/**
* Process the authentication request
*/
private function getAuthenticationRequest ($connection, $id, $topic, $params) {
$auth_key = $params[0]; // A generated temporary auth key
$tmpUser = $this->getTempUser($auth_key); // Get the key value pair as persisted from the temporary store.
if ($tmpUser) {
$info = [
'authkey' => $tmpUser->username,
'secret' => $tmpUser->secret,
'timestamp' => time()
];
$connection->callResult($id, $info);
} else {
$connection->callError($id, $topic, array('User not found'));
}
return true;
}
/**
* Process the final step in the authentication
*/
private function processAuthSignature ($connection, $id, $topic, $params) {
// This should do something smart to validate this response.
// The session should be ours right now. So store the Auth::user()
$connection->user = Auth::user(); // A null object is stored.
$connection->callResult($id, array('msg' => 'connected'));
}
private function getTempUser($auth_key) {
return TempAuth::findOrFail($auth_key);
}
}
Now somewhere in here I've gone wrong. Cause if I were supposed to inherit the ajax session my app holds, I would be able to call Auth::user() from any of my other WS Latchet based controllers and automatically be presented with the currently logged in user. But this is not the case. So if somebody see what I'm doing wrong, give me a shout. Please!
Since I'm unable to get the shared session, I'm currently cheating by transmitting the real username as a RPC call instead of performing a full CRA.

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