func FileFill(filename string) error {
f, err := os.Open("file.txt")
if err != nil {
panic("File not opened")
}
defer f.Close()
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
//I know this should have some error checking here
f.WriteString("some text \n")
}
return nil
}
Hi, I'm new to learning Go and I've been trying out some small use cases to learn it a bit better. I made this function to fill 10 lines of a file with "some text". When I tried this with error checking, the program panicked at the WriteString line. Am I misunderstanding something fundamental here? I looked at the documentation and I can't figure out why it doesn't like this. Thanks.
Need to use a function with write or append permission:
package main
import "os"
func main() {
f, err := os.Create("file.txt")
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
defer f.Close()
for range [10]struct{}{} {
f.WriteString("some text\n")
}
}
https://golang.org/pkg/os#Create
// Choose the permit you want with os.OpenFile flags
file, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_RDWR, 0644)
// or crate new file if not exist
file, err = os.OpenFile(path, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0755)
// or append new data into your file with O_APPEND flag
file, err = os.OpenFile(path, os.O_APPEND, 0755)
docs: https://pkg.go.dev/os#OpenFile
Related
I'm coding in Go, and I created a file handler and a program that prints the value of that file.
However, the file that should be created with file.Filename is deleted when I run it.
I don't know what the reason is, even if I try to debug, the answer doesn't come out, and even if I google it, I don't get the answer.
(64bit windows 10 (WSL2))
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"github.com/labstack/echo"
)
func checkErr(err error) {
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
func readFile(filename string) string {
data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
checkErr(err)
return string(data)
}
func main() {
e := echo.New()
e.POST("/file", func(c echo.Context) error {
file, err := c.FormFile("file")
checkErr(err)
src, err := file.Open()
checkErr(err)
defer src.Close()
dst, err := os.Create(file.Filename)
checkErr(err)
defer dst.Close()
_, err = io.Copy(dst, src)
checkErr(err)
data := readFile(file.Filename)
fmt.Println(data)
return c.String(200, "sd")
})
e.Logger.Fatal(e.Start(":5000"))
}
I'm guessing that your file exists, but the code that you wrote is reading the file before the changes are "flushed to disk".
Right here:
defer dst.Close()
_, err = io.Copy(dst, src)
Should Close() or Sync() your writer as soon as possible, otherwise you may read before the write is finished. And since your readFile() function isn't re-using the file, you might as well just close (not Sync()) it immediately, not deferred
Try this:
_, err = io.Copy(dst, src)
dst.Close()
if err != nil {
}
There could be an error while copying, but we still want to Close() the file (if there wasn't an error during the os.Create, os.Open, or os.OpenFile...
I'm getting the last line of a text file, and try to read it.
get last line:
func getLastLine(file *os.File) (result int) {
s := bufio.NewScanner(file)
result = 0
for s.Scan() {
result++
}
err := s.Err()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
return
}
read file:
func readFileFrom(file *os.File) {
s := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for s.Scan() {
fmt.Println(s.Text())
}
err := s.Err()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
If i write this in main.go:
getLastLine(file)
readFileFrom(file)
It will not execute the block:
for s.Scan() {
fmt.Println(s.Text())
}
If I remove the line getLastLine(file), the reading works as expected.
I think it's because 2 Scanners are accessing the same file.
os.File maintains the position where the next read or write operation will work. Reading from / writing to the file updates this position.
If you use a single file, passing it to getLastLine() will read it till its end, so its pointer will point to the end of the file. Now passing it to readFileFrom() will not read and print anything because there is no more data after the end of the file (that's the definition of the "end").
You need to either rewind the pointer using File.Seek(), or you need to close and reopen it. Obviously just rewinding is more efficient. To set the pointer to the file start:
if _, err := file.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
So do this between the 2 function calls:
getLastLine(file)
if _, err := file.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
readFileFrom(file)
Also note that if you would open the file twice, you would not need to rewind it, and you could also run the 2 functions concurrently without interfering with each other, because they only read the file and each os.File has its own pointer.
file1, err := os.Open("a.txt")
// handle err
defer file1.Close()
file2, err := os.Open("a.txt")
// handle err
defer file2.Close()
wg := sync.WaitGroup()
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer wg.Done()
getLastLine(file1)
}()
readFileFrom(file2)
wg.Wait() // Wait for getLastLine() to complete
I am trying to use a file instead of a DB to get a prototype up and running. I have a program that (1) reads existing content from the file to a map, (2) takes JSON POSTs that add content to the map, (3) on exit, writes to the file.
First, the file is not being created. Then I created an empty file. It is not being written to.
I am trying to read the file, determine if there is existing content. If there is not existing content, create a blank map. If there is existing content, unmarshal it into a new map.
func writeDB() {
eventDBJSON, err := json.Marshal(eventDB)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
err2 := ioutil.WriteFile("/Users/sarah/go/dat.txt", eventDBJSON, 0777)
if err2 != nil {
panic(err2)
}
}
func main() {
dat, err := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/sarah/go/dat.txt")
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if dat == nil {
eventDB = DB{
events: map[string]event{},
}
} else {
if err2 := json.Unmarshal(dat, &eventDB); err2 != nil {
panic(err2)
}
}
router := httprouter.New()
router.POST("/join", JoinEvent)
router.POST("/create", CreateEvent)
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router))
defer writeDB()
}
There is no way for the server to ever reach defer writeDB().
http.ListenAndServe blocks, and if it did return anything, you log.Fatal that, which exits your app at that point.
You can't intercept all ways an app can exit, getting SIGKILL, machine loss of power, etc.
I'm assuming you really just want to write some code, bounce the server, repeat
If that's the case, then Ctrl-C is good enough.
If you want to write your file on Ctrl-C, look at the signal package.
Also, defer on the last line of a function really has no purpose as defer basically means "do this last".
you can use (*os.File).Stat() to get a file's FileInfo which contain its size
file, err := os.Open( filepath )
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
fi, err := file.Stat()
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
s := fi.Size()
I'm trying to write the output of the statement below into a text file but I can't seem to find out if there is a printf function that writes directly to a text file. For example if the code below produces the results [5 1 2 4 0 3] I would want to read this into a text file for storage and persistence. Any ideas please?
The code I want to goto the text file:
//choose random number for recipe
r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
i := r.Perm(5)
fmt.Printf("%v\n", i)
fmt.Printf("%d\n", i[0])
fmt.Printf("%d\n", i[1])
You can use fmt.Fprintf together with an io.Writer, which would represent a handle to your file.
Here is a simple example:
func check(err error) {
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
func main() {
f, err := os.Create("/tmp/yourfile")
check(err)
defer f.Close()
w := bufio.NewWriter(f)
//choose random number for recipe
r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
i := r.Perm(5)
_, err = fmt.Fprintf(w, "%v\n", i)
check(err)
_, err = fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\n", i[0])
check(err)
_, err = fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d\n", i[1])
check(err)
w.Flush()
}
More ways of writing to file in Go are shown here.
Note that I have used panic() here just for the sake of brevity, in the real life scenario you should handle errors appropriately (which in most cases means something other than exiting the program, what panic() does).
This example will write the values into the output.txt file.
package main
import (
"bufio"
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"os"
"time"
)
func main() {
file, err := os.OpenFile("output.txt", os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0666)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("File does not exists or cannot be created")
os.Exit(1)
}
defer file.Close()
w := bufio.NewWriter(file)
r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
i := r.Perm(5)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "%v\n", i)
w.Flush()
}
Use os package to create file and then pass it to Fprintf
file, fileErr := os.Create("file")
if fileErr != nil {
fmt.Println(fileErr)
return
}
fmt.Fprintf(file, "%v\n", i)
This should write to file.
I'm currently learning how to develop with Go (or golang) and I have a strange issue:
I try to create a script looking inside an HTML file in order to get all the sources of each tags.
The goal of the script is to merge all the retrieved files.
So, that's for the story: for now, I'm able to get the content of each JavaScript files but... I can't concatenate them...
You can see below my script:
//Open main file
mainFilePath := "/path/to/my/file.html"
mainFileDir := path.Dir(mainFilePath)+"/"
mainFileContent, err := ioutil.ReadFile(mainFilePath)
if err == nil {
mainFileContent := string(mainFileContent)
var finalFileContent bytes.Buffer
//Start RegExp searching for JavaScript src
scriptReg, _ := regexp.Compile("<script src=\"(.*)\">")
scripts := scriptReg.FindAllStringSubmatch(mainFileContent,-1)
//For each SRC found...
for _, path := range scripts {
//We open the corresponding file
subFileContent, err := ioutil.ReadFile(mainFileDir+path[1])
if err == nil {
//And we add its content to the "final" variable
fmt.Println(finalFileContent.Write(subFileContent))
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
}
}
//Try to display the final result
// fmt.Println(finalFileContent.String())
fmt.Printf(">>> %#v", finalFileContent)
fmt.Println("Y U NO WORKS? :'(")
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
}
So, each fmt.Println(finalFileContent.Write(subFileContent)) display something like 6161 , so I assume the Write() method is correctly executed.
But fmt.Printf(">>> %#v", finalFileContent) displays nothing. Absolutely nothing (even the ">>>" are not displayed!) And it's the same for the commented line just above.
The funny part is that the string "Y U NO WORK ? :'(" is correctly displayed...
Do you know why?
And do you know how to solve this issue?
Thanks in advance!
You are ignoring some errors. What are your results when you run the following version of your code?
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"path"
"regexp"
)
func main() {
//Open main file
mainFilePath := "/path/to/my/file.html"
mainFileDir := path.Dir(mainFilePath) + "/"
mainFileContent, err := ioutil.ReadFile(mainFilePath)
if err == nil {
mainFileContent := string(mainFileContent)
var finalFileContent bytes.Buffer
//Start RegExp searching for JavaScript src
scriptReg, _ := regexp.Compile("<script src=\"(.*)\">")
scripts := scriptReg.FindAllStringSubmatch(mainFileContent, -1)
//For each SRC found...
for _, path := range scripts {
//We open the corresponding file
subFileContent, err := ioutil.ReadFile(mainFileDir + path[1])
if err == nil {
//And we add its content to the "final" variable
// fmt.Println(finalFileContent.Write(subFileContent))
n, err := finalFileContent.Write(subFileContent)
fmt.Println("finalFileContent Write:", n, err)
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
}
}
//Try to display the final result
// fmt.Println(finalFileContent.String())
// fmt.Printf(">>> %#v", finalFileContent)
n, err := fmt.Printf(">>> %#v", finalFileContent)
fmt.Println()
fmt.Println("finalFileContent Printf:", n, err)
fmt.Println("Y U NO WORKS? :'(")
} else {
fmt.Println(err)
}
}
UPDATE:
The statement:
fmt.Println("finalFileContent Printf:", n, err)
Outputs:
finalFileContent Printf: 0 write /dev/stdout: winapi error #8
or
finalFileContent Printf: 0 write /dev/stdout: Not enough storage is available to process this command.
From MSDN:
ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY
8 (0x8)
Not enough storage is available to process this command.
The formatted output to the Windows console overflows the buffer (circa 64KB).
There is a related Go open issue:
Issue 3376: windows: detect + handle console in os.File.Write