How to check if alert has been called in Jest testing React using Typescript? - reactjs

Question

I have a HTML select with some options which when I press a button get submitted to a server. Depending on the response an alert is shown.
The method looks like this:
const sendOrder = async (json : string) => {
const request = await fetchUrl("<irrelevant url>", "POST", json);
if(request.status === 200){
const order = await request.json();
alert(`Created Order #${order.data.id}`)
}else{
alert("Order failed")
}
}
Now I have mocked the server using msw and my test looks something like this:
it('should create an order', async () => {
render(<ArticleList />);
render(<ShoppingCart afterSubmit={()=> {}}/>)
const articlesList = getNullSafeElement('articles');
await waitFor(() => {
expect(articlesList.children.length).toBe(2);
})
const orderButton = getNullSafeElement('submitBtn');
const shoppingCart = document.querySelector('#cart') as HTMLSelectElement;
const addressInput = document.querySelector('#address') as HTMLInputElement;
addressInput.value = "testAddress"
expect(shoppingCart.options.length).toBe(0);
fireEvent.click(articlesList.children[0]);
expect(shoppingCart.children.length).toBe(1);
fireEvent.click(orderButton);
});
I know for sure that this test runs as expected and that the request is definetly beeing sent to the mocked server by fireEvent.click(orderButton).
However, if I now want to do something like this expect(global.alert).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1), it does not work.
Now I know that I have to mock the call and I saw some posts on SO about this issue
Mock or asser whether window.alert has fired
Test alert in React Native
But neither global.alert = jest.fn(), nor jest.spyOn(global, 'alert') have worked out. Both result in 0 calls.
So my question is: How can I test if alert() has been called in my test?
(I am creating a frontend using create-react-app with the typescript template and testing with Jest)