New line when using serial communication with embedded c - c

Question

I'm learning embedded c for microcontrollers using a PICKIT. When I send the voltage readings from an LDR via serial communication to RealTerm I end up with the voltages just continuing on the line (see pic) and not starting a new line every reading, how would I change it to look like this? Thanks in advance.
0.9V
0.89V
0.9V
RealTerm data
#pragma config FEXTOSC = HS // External Oscillator mode Selection bits (HS (crystal oscillator)above 8 MHz; PFM set to high power)
#pragma config RSTOSC = EXTOSC_4PLL// Power-up default value for COSC bits (EXTOSC with 4x PLL, with EXTOSC operating per FEXTOSC bits)
// CONFIG3L
#pragma config WDTE = OFF // WDT operating mode (WDT enabled regardless of sleep)
#include <xc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "LCD.h"`
#include "serial.h"
#include ADC.h
define _XTAL_FREQ 64000000 //note intrinsic _delay function is 62.5ns at 64,000,000Hz
void main(void) {
LCD_Init();
initUSART4(); //Initialise EUSART4
ADC_init();
char LDR_arr[16];
unsigned int x;
unsigned int int_part; //initialise int part of voltage
unsigned int frac_part; // initialise fraction part of voltage
//char buf = getCharSerial4();
//Clear Screen
LCD_sendbyte(0b00000001, 0);
while (1)
{
x = ADC_getval();
//ADC2String(LDR_arr, x);
/* max voltage = 3.3V, max LDR value = 255
* 255/3.3 = 77.3 so use 77 for division
* int_part = LDR value/77
* frac_part = (LDRvalue * 100)/77 - int_part*100, giving first 2 DP as integer
*/
int_part = x/77;
frac_part = (x*100)/77 - int_part * 100;
// and format as a string using sprintf (see GitHub readme)
// %02d ensures that 2 numbers are always displayed frac_part
// e.g. frac_part = 5, get 0.05 after decimal instead of 0.5
// which would get if used %01d or 0.005 if used %03d
sprintf(LDR_arr,"%d.%02dV",int_part,frac_part);
sendStringSerial4(LDR_arr); // send voltage to RealTerm
__delay_ms(1000);
LCD_sendbyte(0b00000001, 0); //clear screen
__delay_ms(1.53);
}
}
void sendCharSerial4(char charToSend) {
while (!PIR4bits.TX4IF); // wait for flag to be set
TX4REG = charToSend; //transfer char to transmitter
void sendStringSerial4(char *string){
while(*string!=0){
sendCharSerial4(*string++);
}
}
Edit if I do
sprintf(LDR_arr,"%d.%02dV \n",int_part,frac_part);
or
sprintf(LDR_arr,"%d.%02dV '\n'",int_part,frac_part);
I end up with what the voltages going along a diagonal
RealTerm with '\n' inside

Answer 1

If you look at your ascii table 0x0D is a carriage return CR, 0x0A is a newline. The unix world where C came from or where they developed together tends to be limited to just the new line, before during and after serial terminals default to the separate characters of carriage return (start on a new column) and new line (move down to a new line) the combination is the preferred way to move down and left. \r is carriage return 0x0D and \n is newline 0x0A.
While you can change some dumb terminals to turn a newline into both it is more useful and portable to just do it right in the program. So as pointed out in a comment add \r\n to the end of the string to be printed (or the beginning, your choice).

Answer 2

You need to do one of perhaps three things:
Configure your terminal for "LF-only" line ends, so it implicitly inserted a CR before each LF - all terminal emulation software supports such a configuration,
explicitly output CR+LF line end: "\r\n" in your sprintf() calls.
Modify your low level serial I/O layer to insert a \r before every \n ("text mode").
Of those I'd recommend the first one, since for either of the other two you'd still have to configure the terminal software for CR+LF in any case. It is a coin toss what any particular terminal might be configured for by default - though largely determined by whether it was originally developed for Windows or POSIX perhaps.
In TeraTerm for example: