I'm trying to compile C code for GCC, but the linker is unable to find libgcc.
I want to compile some simple tests for an RV32I core.
When I try to use the modulo operator, GCC generates a call to the soft implementation of
the mod instruction.
call __modsi3
But linking fails because I think im missing libgcc
test.c:(.text+0x34): undefined reference to `__modsi3'
This is my compilation command:
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -lm -lgcc -static -march=rv32i -mabi=ilp32 -nostartfiles -ffreestanding crt0.s -O0
These are my linker options:
-lgcc -b elf32-littleriscv -m elf32lriscv
If I try to use the -lgcc option on the linker, it will throw the following error:
riscv64-unknown-elf-ld: cannot find -lgcc
I also tried to provide directly the path of libgcc.a. But it didn't help.
I got the path of libgcc.a this way:
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -march=rv32i -print-libgcc-file-name
I added the path directly to my compilation command like so:
-L="/mnt/c/Users/camin/Documents/opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/10.2.0/libgcc.a"
Also, the way I compiled the toolchain might be the issue, I'm using the RISCV toolchain with multi-lib support
I followed the instructions from https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
with some slight modification (-j12)
./configure --prefix=/opt/riscv --enable-multilib
make -j12
This also installed the toolchain so I didn't had to make install
Thanks.
The problem comes from -L="/mnt/c/Users/camin/Documents/opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/10.2.0/libgcc.a" you must only give the path to the L option. Your option should be :-L="/mnt/c/Users/camin/Documents/opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/10.2.0"
the enable-multilib is working well, it only provide libraries for set of archs. However be careful to give the path of the libgcc corresponding to your arch. When you enable multilib the default one will be a 64 bit versions. Normally for rv32i, the option you need is :-L="/mnt/c/Users/camin/Documents/opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/10.2.0/rv32i/ilp32".
If you don't give the good library you will probably get ABI is incompatible with that of the selected emulation error.
It would be easier to use the riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc driver to make the link because he knows all the options better. Normally it will find the necessary libraries (libgcc, libgloss ....) automatically for your arch.
This worked for me, had to manually add the path to the libgcc.a as an argument to elf-ld:
riscv32-unknown-elf-ld -o exampleProg2.elf -T bram.ld -m elf32lriscv -nostdlib --no-relax /(RVTOOLCHAIN_GCC_LIB_DIR)/libgcc.a
Just be careful of choosing the right libgcc.a, there may be multiple in your installation, depending of your multilib seutp.
Related
I am trying to statically build the web server lighttpd (version 1.4.49) using musl (for x86) as my compiler and lighttpd's autotools build system. My configuration script is as follows:
CC=/home/musl-1.1.23/install/bin/musl-gcc CFLAGS="-g --static" LDFLAGS="-L/home/lighttpd -lwrappers -static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown LIGHTTPD_STATIC=yes ./configure --prefix=/home/lighttpd/install --enable-static --disable-shared --without-zlib --disable-ipv6 --without-bzip2 --without-pcre
Where I have created my own static library "wrappers" that contains the wrapped definitions for the functions specified in my LDFLAGS argument for configure. The way everything is set up I need my wrapped library to be the first library linked (even before musl's standard c library), however libtool is changing the order of my LDFLAGS argument from above to the following:
libtool: link: /home/musl-1.1.23/install/bin/musl-gcc -g --static -Wall -W -Wshadow -pedantic -static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown -o proc_open proc_open-proc_open.o proc_open-buffer.o -L/home/lighttpd-1.4.49 -lwrappers
instead of:
libtool: link: /home/musl-1.1.23/install/bin/musl-gcc -g --static -Wall -W -Wshadow -pedantic -L/home/lighttpd-1.4.49 -lwrappers -static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown -o proc_open proc_open-proc_open.o proc_open-buffer.o
Which causes the following errors (I have only included the first few, but the rest are similar):
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/install/lib/libc.a(syslog.o): in function `__openlog':
/home/musl-1.1.23/src/misc/syslog.c:51: undefined reference to `__wrap_socket'
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/install/lib/libc.a(syslog.o): in function `_vsyslog':
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/src/misc/syslog.c:111: undefined reference to `__wrap_send'
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/src/misc/syslog.c:113: undefined reference to `__wrap_send'
Its weird to me why this is happening, as everywhere else the LDFLAGS appear in the right order:
/bin/bash ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=link /home/musl-1.1.23/install/bin/musl-gcc -g --static -Wall -W -Wshadow -pedantic -module -export-dynamic -avoid-version -L/home/lighttpd -lwrappers -static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown -o mod_setenv.la -rpath /home/lighttpd/install/lib mod_setenv.lo
libtool: link: ranlib .libs/mod_scgi.a
Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thank you in advance.
LDFLAGS is not for libraries to add to the link. libtool notwithstanding, LDFLAGS is expanded too early in the link command, and this is not specific to the autotools.
In your case, libtool appears to be recognizing that error, and in the case where that matters, moving the -L and -l options where they need to be, after the object(s) being linked. (Or at least the -l options need to be there, especially for a static link, and if libtool is going to move those, then there are practical reasons for moving the -L options, too.)
Unfortunately, there is no other user-oriented Autotools variable appropriate to your stated purpose, either. Injecting extra libraries into the link is not a use case the Autotools are designed to support, and injecting them at the beginning of the link is unlikely to be feasible without hacking the autotooling.
On the third hand, you appear to be misinterpreting the problem. You claim that
I need my wrapped library to be the first library linked (even before musl's standard c library)
But this ...
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/install/lib/libc.a(syslog.o): in function `_vsyslog':
/usr/local/bin/ld: /home/musl-1.1.23/src/misc/syslog.c:111: undefined reference to `__wrap_send'
... tells me exactly the opposite: even calls from inside standard library functions in libc are being wrapped, so the wrapper needs to appear last, even after the standard library (which ordinarily is last, not first).* And since libwrap probably calls standard library functions itself, you may need to link libc twice. Of course, that assumes that you really want to be messing with the standard library that way, which does not seem advisable to me.
If you were performing a dynamic link then this would not be an issue: it would not be possible to wrap the internal calls of the C library in the first place. This suggests to me that the linker's --wrap option probably was not designed with static linking of the standard library in mind.
I'm not inclined to set up a testbed to verify the following, but if you really do want to wrap libc's own internal function calls, then this may work: ... LDFLAGS="-static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown" LIBS="-L/home/lighttpd -lc -lwrappers -lc" ./configure ...
LIBS is not really intended to be a user variable, and that's the potential weak point of this plan. But it is among Autoconf's standard output variables, and its contents should appear at the end of the link line. configure may prepend other libraries to LIBS, but it should not append any. The risk is that configure may clear any initial contents.
The -lc appearing before -lwrappersis the secret sauce. Normally, you do not need to specify -lc explicitly, but in this case you do, because you need to resolve some symbols in it against libwrappers, which otherwise would be linked too early. You also (probably) need to link some symbols in libwrappers against libc. It may be redundant, but explicitly linking libc again, after libwrappers, may be necessary to overcome unwanted cleverness by the linker.
If you want to avoid wrapping the internal libc self-calls, then you could try ... LDFLAGS="-static-libgcc -Wl,--wrap=socket -Wl,--wrap=bind -Wl,--wrap=listen -Wl,--wrap=accept4 -Wl,--wrap=send -Wl,--wrap=recv -Wl,--wrap=shutdown" LIBS="-L/home/lighttpd -lwrappers -Wl,--no-wrap=socket -Wl,--no-wrap=bind -Wl,--no-wrap=listen -Wl,--no-wrap=accept4 -Wl,--no-wrap=send -Wl,--no-wrap=recv -Wl,--no-wrap=shutdown" ./configure .... The idea there is to turn off wrapping for libc (only), but it's pretty speculative, because although negating long options with no- is standard GNU form, the --no-wrap option in particular is not documented.
*So libtool's reordering is not causing the issue you present. In fact, if libtool did not perform that reordering then you would have even more link errors.
I've build a shared library on my desktop that uses statically linked gstreamer and gstreamer plugins (base, good, rtsp-server).
Now I'm trying to compile the library using yocto but its giving me a linker error:
version node not found for symbol _IO_do_write##GLIBC_2.17
failed to set dynamic section sizes: Bad value
The solutions I found on stack overflow did not seem to help me.
use compiler with --disable-symvers
link libc libs in different orders (-ldl -lm -lc -lpthread -ltinfo -lrt)
link libc libs statically/shared
What I find particularly odd is that the linker is looking for GLIBC_2.17 while yocto uses 2.27 and my system is using 2.24. I don't know if this matters or if it is normal (the function did not change since 2.17?).
NM -C shows the symbol in libc.a:
nm -C recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libc.a | grep IO_do_write
U _IO_do_write
U _IO_do_write
0000000000001ba8 W _IO_do_write
So I would thinks that lib is linked incorrectly?
The linker command is a long one because of all the shared libs so I shortend it a bit (removed boost and custom libs):
aarch64-poky-linux-g++ -fPIC --sysroot=recipe-sysroot -O2 -pipe -g -feliminate-unused-debug-types -fdebug-prefix-map=recipe-root/git-r0 -fdebug-prefix-map=recipe-sysroot= -fdebug-prefix-map=recipe-sysroot-native= -fvisibility-inlines-hidden --sysroot=recipe-sysroot -Wl,-allow-multiple-definition -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Wsuggest-override -Wswitch-default -Wduplicated-cond -Wshadow -Werror -ftemplate-depth=1024 -Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed -lc -Wl,--no-as-needed -Wl,--no-undefined -pthread -ldl -shared -Wl,-soname,rtsp_streamer.so -o rtsp_streamer.so ... custom static libs .and boost static libs ... -lpthread recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstrtsp.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstrtp.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstrtpmanager.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstcoreelements.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstadder.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstapp.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstaudioconvert.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstaudiorate.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstaudioresample.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstaudiotestsrc.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstgio.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstpango.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgsttypefindfunctions.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideoconvert.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideorate.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideoscale.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideotestsrc.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvolume.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstautodetect.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideofilter.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libBrokenLocale.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libBrokenLocale_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libanl.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libanl_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libatomic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libatomic_ops.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libatomic_ops_gpl.a ... more boost static libs ... recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libc.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libc_nonshared.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libc_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libcidn_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libcrypt.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libcrypt_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libcrypto.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libdl.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libdl_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libg.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgomp.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstallocators-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstaudio-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstbase-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstcheck-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstcontroller-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstfft-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstpbutils-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstreamer-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstriff-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstrtp-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstrtsp-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstrtspserver-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstapp-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstnet-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstsdp-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgsttag-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libgstvideo-1.0.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libhistory.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libitm.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/liblicensing.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libm.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libm_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libmcheck.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libncurses++.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libncurses++w.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnsl.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnsl_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_compat_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_db_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_dns_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_files_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_hesiod_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_nis_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libnss_nisplus_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libprotobuf-lite.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libprotobuf.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libprotoc.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libpthread.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libpthread_nonshared.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libreadline.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libresolv.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libresolv_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/librpcsvc.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/librt.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/librt_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libsqlite3.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libssl.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libssp.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libssp_nonshared.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libstdc++.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libstdc++fs.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libsupc++.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libthread_db_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libutil.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libutil_pic.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libz.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/librt.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libpthread.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libm.a recipe-sysroot/usr/lib/libc.a
Does anybody know what is wrong? If more info is needed please ask. Thanks in advance!
Does anybody know what is wrong?
I suspect that you are not linking against GLIBC-2.27 from Yocto, but against some other GLIBC, though it is hard to see how that could happen.
Your first step should be to find out which libc.so.6 is actually being used. You can do so by adding -Wl,-t flag to your link line. Also add -Wl,-y,_IO_do_write while you are at it.
After you know which libc.so.6 is being used, run readelf -Ws /path/to/libc.so.6 | grep _IO_do_write to see what (if any) versioned symbols are defined in it.
I don't know if this matters or if it is normal (the function did not change since 2.17)?
Yes: that is normal -- the function didn't change its ABI since GLIBC-2.17, so that's the version that is attached to it.
I figured out what went wrong. The shared library is build using a CMAKE project and our own written FindGSTREAMER.cmake. To find gstreamer, among other things, a glob is used to find all the static libs. Because on my desktop I have gstreamer installed in its seperate location this works. With Yocto however this causes every static lib in the recipe-sysroot/usr/lib directory to be linked. Including every libc library (.a, _pic.a and .so). Apparently this causes the linker unable to resolve the symbols.
Correctly filtering the libraries needed by gstreamer fixed the problem.
I am trying to link a large project with GCC 4.8.1 from MinGW for a x86 target.
I am calling the linker like this
D:\MyGCCPath\gcc -L [LIBPATHS] -nostdlib -Wl,-Map,D:\PathToMapFile.map,--emit-relocs [OBJECTFILES AND LIBS] -lmsvcrt -lgcc -o D:\PathToMyOutputFile
With this call I get this linker rror:
libgcc.a(__main.o):(.text+0x5a): undefined reference to `atexit'
I tried different msvcr versions (100 and 90), but this was more a desperate attempt, since I am not very familiar with this problem. I am using the correct libraries provided by MinGW.
Is there any way I can fix this error?
You are linking with -nostdlib, and atexit() is a function from stdlib.h.
According to GCC Link Options:
-nostdlib
Do not use the standard system startup files or libraries when linking. No startup files and only the libraries you specify are passed to the linker, and options specifying linkage of the system libraries, such as -static-libgcc or -shared-libgcc, are ignored.
Libraries are checked in the order used on the command line so use -lgcc -lmsvcrt.
I am having extreme trouble cross compiling a project related to gstreamer. I am trying to link it to a library on my cross compile machine's /usr/lib
If I do the standard linker flags -L{FILESYS_DIR}/usr/lib -lGLESv2 I get pthread complaints from my cross compile toolchain. Thus, I am trying to link to this library without using the -L flag.
No matter what I do, I am getting undefined symbol glFramebuffer2D. However a quick readelf -Wc $FILESYS_DIR/usr/lib/libGLESv2.so | glFrame shows me a glFramebuffer2D symbol.
I'm pulling my hair out because no matter what flags I specify to autoconf, something called libtool throws away my link request unless I use the -L -l approach...
Edit: I had another idea, I tried -Wl, $FILESYS_DIR/usr/lib/libGLESv2.so which worked in compiling and linking but not during runtime... Obvious to me (now) because the host machine root is $FILESYS_DIR. Anyways, this is on the right approach, but I guess I need relative names.
libtool: link: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -shared .libs/libgstbla_la-gstblaoverlay.o
.libs/libgstbla_la-gstblastabilize.o .libs/libgstbla_la-gles2_utilities.o -Wl,-
rpath -Wl,/home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib -Wl,-rpath -
Wl,/home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib -L/home/z3/z3-
netra/filesys/fs/opt/gstreamer/lib /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgstvideo-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgobject-2.0.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgmodule-2.0.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libgthread-2.0.so -lrt /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-
0.4/lib/libglib-2.0.so -pthread -Wl,-soname -Wl,libgstbla.so -Wl,-version-script -
Wl,.libs/libgstbla.ver -o .libs/libgstbla.so
If needed, in one line as well:
libtool: link: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -shared .libs/libgstbla_la-gstblaoverlay.o .libs/libgstbla_la-gstblastabilize.o .libs/libgstbla_la-gles2_utilities.o -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib -L/home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs/opt/gstreamer/lib /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgstvideo-0.10.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgobject-2.0.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgmodule-2.0.so /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libgthread-2.0.so -lrt /home/z3/z3-netra/filesys/fs//opt/gstreamer-0.4/lib/libglib-2.0.so -pthread -Wl,-soname -Wl,libgstbla.so -Wl,-version-script -Wl,.libs/libgstbla.ver -o .libs/libgstbla.so
/usr/lib should already be on the library search path, so you shouldn't need to specify an RPATH. What you do need to do though, is to tell your (cross-)linker where to find the libraries. I think that includes transitively dependencies, such as libpthread. Do you have $FILESYS_DIR/usr/lib/libpthread.so? Does it point to /lib/libpthread.so.N? Oh wait, I see something now that I wrote it out: notice the (likely) absence of $FILESYS_DIR there: so it's possible that your linker is looking for libpthread transitively needed by libGLESv2, but not finding it, since $FILESYS_DIR/lib is not on the library include path. Add -L $FILESYS_DIR/lib to your linker flags and try again.
All, this was related to the following question: set global gcc default search paths
The problem here is related to the pthread.so (also glib.so). /usr/lib/pthread.so on a lot of systems is an ASCII script which then further links to the system's /lib/pthread.so.0 (which is a soft link). When compiling, my $(FILESYS_DIR) was correct, however the the libpthread.so there pointed to the host systems pthread.so
I made a HUGE mistake here which could have been easily avoided with correct cross compilation management. When compiling for a target system, do not use files on the target system filesystem (if it's a NFS as mine was.) Use local libraries compiled for that target system. FURTHERMORE, specify -Wl,-rpath-link=/[local location where your *.so reside]
That compiler/linker flag allows for the runtime path to be on the local system during compile and link, but maintain the standard runtime path during runtime.... Hope that made sense.
I am creating a utility which depends on libassuan aside other depends. While these ‘others’ provide shared libraries, libassuan comes with static one only.
libassuan comes with simple libassuan-config tool which is meant to provide CFLAGS & LDFLAGS for the compiler/linker to use. These LDFLAGS refer to the library as -lassuan.
The result of standard call of make is then:
cc -I/usr/include/libmirage -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -lmirage -lglib-2.0 -L/usr/lib64 -lassuan -o mirage2iso mirage2iso.c mirage-getopt.o mirage-wrapper.o mirage-password.o
mirage-password.o: In function `mirage_input_password':
mirage-password.c:(.text+0x1f): undefined reference to `assuan_pipe_connect'
mirage-password.c:(.text+0x32): undefined reference to `assuan_strerror'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [mirage2iso] Error 1
(I've just started writing this unit and that's why there aren't more errors)
So, if I understand the result correctly, gcc doesn't want to link the app to libassuan.a.
Using -static here will cause gcc to prefer static libraries over shared which is unindented. I've seen solution suggesting using something like that:
-Wl,-Bstatic -lassuan -Wl,-Bdynamic
but I don't think it would be a portable one.
I think the best solution would be to provide full path to the static library file but libassuan-config doesn't provide much of help (all I can get from it is -L/usr/lib64 -lassuan).
Maybe I should just try to create the static library path by ‘parsing’ returned LDFLAGS and using -L for the directory name and -l for the library name — and then hoping that in all cases libassuan-config will return it like that.
What do you think about that? Is there any good, simple and portable solution to resolve the issue?
PS. Please note that although I'm referring to gcc here, I would like to use something that will work fine with other compilers.
PS2. One additional question: if package does install static library only, returning such LDFLAGS instead of full .la path can be considered as a bug?
gcc will link to libassuan.a if it doesn't find libassuan.so
It's probably the order symbols are looked up in the static library when you link. The order matters.
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Assuming gcc can find libassuan.a and it actually provides the functions the linker complains about, try:
cc -I/usr/include/libmirage -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -lmirage -lglib-2.0 -L/usr/lib64 -o mirage2iso mirage2iso.c mirage-getopt.o mirage-wrapper.o mirage-password.o -lassuan
Since you say libassuan is under /usr/lib64 it's probably a 64 bit library, are your app and the other libraries 64 bit as well ?
Compiler's command-line options are not a portable thing. There's no standard for it. Every compiler uses its own and several can merely informally agree to comply with each other in command-line format. The most portable way for your linking is to use libassuan-config, of course. I think, it can generate not only flags for gcc, but for other compilers as well. If it can't, then no portable way exists, I suppose (other than CMake or something on higher level).
The command line to cc you shown is totally correct. If you have a static library libassuan.la and path to it is supplied to -L option, then the compiler does link against it. You can see it from its output: has it not found the static library, would it complain with error message like "can't find -lassuan". I
Moreover, if no libassuan.so is found, then compiler links against your library statically, even if you haven't used -Wl,-Bstatic stuff or -static flag.
Your problem may be in persistence of several versions of libassuan in your system. Other that that, I don't see any errors in what you've provided.
Which directory is libassuan.a in
I think the first error is not gcc doesn't want to link the app to libassuan.a it is more gcc does not know where libassuan.a . You need to pass gcc a -L parameter giving the path to libassuan.a .
e.g.
-L /home/path