I am new to C and working on homework. I got most work done, but I can't pass all test cases that used by my professor. He refuses to post cases being used in the auto grader.
What would be the cases that I have missed?
Any clue will be appreciated!!!
Write a program to remove all the blank characters (space and tab) in a line.
Then, count the number of appearances of each character.
Input
A single line with a maximum length of 5000 characters
Output
First line: The line after removing all the blank characters.
If the line is empty, don’t print anything in the output.
Next lines: Each line contains a character that appears in the line and its count.
Note that, the characters must appear according to their ASCII number order. (http://www.asciitable.com)
#include <stdio.h>
int main (){
int c = 0;
int characters[128] = {0}; // subscripts for the ASCII table
int count = 0; // number of characters been reading in
while(count < 5001 && (c = getchar()) != EOF) {
// 9 -> TAB on ASCII, 32 -> Space on ASCII
if (c != 9 && c != 32) {
putchar(c);
characters[c]++;
count++;
}
}
fflush(stdout);
printf("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++) {
if (characters[i] != 0) {
printf("%c %d\n", i, characters[i]);
}
}
return 0;
}
Again, any help will be really appreciated!
Update:
The code has been corrected.
Probably you don't want to write
characters[index] = 0;
What you want instead is probably
text[index] = 0;
Related
I tried to implement a solution for the exercise on the C language of K&R's book. I wanted to ask here if this could be considered a legal "solution", just modifying the main without changing things inside external functions.
Revise the main routine of the longest-line program so it will
correctly print the length of arbitrary long input lines, and as much
as possible of the text.
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXLINE 2 ////
int get_line1(char s[], int lim)
{
int c, i;
for (i = 0; i < lim - 1 && ((c = getchar()) != EOF) && c != '\n'; i++) {
s[i] = c;
}
if (c == '\n') {
s[i] = c;
i++;
}
s[i] = '\0';
return i;
}
int main()
{
int len;
int max = MAXLINE;
char line[MAXLINE];
int tot = 0;
int text_l = 0;
while ((len = get_line1(line, max)) > 0) {
if (line[len - 1] != '\n') {
tot = tot + len;
}
if (line[1] == '\n' || line[0] == '\n') {
printf("%d\n", tot + 1);
text_l = text_l + (tot + 1);
tot = 0;
}
}
printf("%d\n", text_l);
}
The idea is to set the max lenght of the string considered for the array line ad 2.
For a string as abcdef\n , the array line will be ab. Since the last element of the array is not \n (thus the line we are considering is not over), we save the length up until now and repeat the cycle. We will get then the array made of cd, then ef and at the end we will get the array of just \n. Then the else if condition is executed, since the first element of this array is\n, and we print the tot length obtained from the previous additions. We add +1 in order to also consider the new character \n. This works also for odd strings: with abcdefg\n the process will go on up until we reach g\n and the sum is done correctly.
Outside the loop then we print the total amount of text.
Is this a correct way to do the exercise?
The exercise says to “Revise the main routine,” but you altered the definition of MAXLINE, which is outside of main, so that is not a valid solution.
Also, your code does not have the copy or getline routines of the original. Your get_line1 appears to be identical except for the name. However, a correction solution would use identical source code except for the code inside main.
Additionally, the exercise says to print “as much as possible of the text.” That is unclearly stated, but I expect it means to keep a buffer of MAXLINE characters (with MAXLINE at its original value of 1000) and use it to print the first MAXLINE−1 characters of the longest line.
Newb: Learn C - using The C Programming Language - 2nd ed.
I've scoured stackoverflow - can't find a solution.
I'm opening a stream using getchar() (its what the manual has me learning. The stream ends with EOF <ctrl> z . The script looks for a new line and should put each line into a 2D Array (row, width) Each row ought to hold an entire line of input.
Code runs, stream works. Doesn't appear to be populating the array though. Code is far from polished, just trying to get it to work before I polish. I used exit() simply as a short cut trying to get this to work. Any ideas? I added a counter which prints at the end r which ought to indicate number of rows created in array... it's zero... making me think array is not being built. The fate of the universe depends on you!!!
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#define ROW 1000
#define WIDTH 5000
char arr[ROW][WIDTH] = {0}; // array to store char strings of sentences - each sentence stored in an individual row
int r = 0; // initiallizing rows
int i = 0;
char endprog(char arr[ROW][WIDTH]);
int main () {
int c; // int variable to accept input - will be copied into arraw
bool end = true; // count the character for each line to iterate through
while (end){
for ( i = 0; i < (c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n'; ++i){
if (c == EOF)
endprog(arr);
arr[r][i] = c;
if (c == '\n'){
arr[r][i] = c;
i++;
r++; // new line deterted row incremented to next row - ready for new line
}
arr[r][i] = '\0'; // copying input into array at position (row, i)
}
}
}
char endprog(char arr[ROW][WIDTH]){
int j;
for (j = 0; j <= r; j++){ // iterating through array to print rows of input strings
printf("R: %d", r);
printf("%s\n", arr[j]);
}
exit(0);
}
OUTPUT
Stream is working.
New lines are accepted
Help me Obi-Wan Kenobi
You're my only hope....
^Z
R: 0
--------------------------------
Process exited after 120.8 seconds with return value 0
Press any key to continue . . .
I modified your code a bit, I hope this is what you're looking for.
The comments in the code explain almost all the changes I've made to your code.
#include <stdio.h>
/* you don't need stdbool.h and stdlib.h for this code*/
#define ROW 1000
#define WIDTH 5000
char arr[ROW][WIDTH] = {0}; // array to store char strings of sentences - each sentence stored in an individual row
int r = 0; // initiallizing rows
int i = 0;
void endprog(char arr[ROW][WIDTH]); //the function is void since it's not returning anything
int main () {
int c; // int variable to accept input - will be copied into array
while (1){ //you don't need the for-loop and also the for-loop you've written has wrong logic
c=getchar();
if (c == EOF){
endprog(arr);
break;
}
else{
arr[r][i] = c;
i++; //increasing the column by 1
if (c == '\n'){
arr[r][i] = '\0'; //since c is '\n', it means the line is completed, so write the NUL character at the end
i=0;
r++; //increasing the row by 1 and changing the column to 0 since the next character has to be written in the first (0) index of the next row
}
}
}
}
void endprog(char arr[ROW][WIDTH]){
int j;
for (j = 0; j<r; j++){
printf("R: %d ", j); //you're supposed to print j, not r
printf("%s\n", arr[j]);
}
}
As part of an assignment, I am supposed to write a small program that accepts an indefinite number of strings, and then print them out.
This program compiles (with the following warning
desafio1.c:24:16: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Wform
at-security]
printf(words[i]);
and it prints the following characters on the screen: �����8 ���#Rl�. I guess it did not end the strings I entered by using getchar properly with the null byte, and it prints out garbage. The logic of the program is to initiate a while loop, which runs untill I press the enter key \n, and if there are an space, this is a word that will be store in the array of characters words. Why am I running into problems, if in the else statement once a space is found, I close the word[i] = \0, in that way and store the result in the array words?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
char words[100][100];
int i,c;
char word[1000];
while((c = getchar()) != '\n')
{
if (c != ' '){
word[i++] = c;
c = getchar();
}
else{
word[i] = '\0';
words[i] == word;
}
}
int num = sizeof(words) / sizeof(words[0]);
for (i = 0; i < num; i++){
printf(words[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Here are some fixes to your code. As a pointer (as mentioned in other comments), make sure to enable compiler warnings, which will help you find 90% of the issues you had. (gcc -Wall)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
char words[100][100];
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int c;
char word[1000];
while((c = getchar()) != '\n') {
if (c != ' '){
word[i++] = c;
} else {
word[i] = '\0';
strcpy(words[j++], word);
i = 0;
}
}
word[i] = '\0';
strcpy(words[j++], word);
for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
printf("%s\n", words[i]);
}
return 0;
}
i was uninitialized, so its value was undefined. It should start at 0. It also needs to be reset to 0 after each word so it starts at the beginning.
The second c = getchar() was unnecessary, as this is done in every iteration of the loop. This was causing your code to skip every other letter.
You need two counters, one for the place in the word, and one for the number of words read in. That's what j is.
== is for comparison, not assignment. Either way, strcpy() was needed here since you are filling out an array.
Rather than looping through all 100 elements of the array, just loop through the words that have actually been filled (up to j).
The last word input was ignored by your code, since it ends with a \n, not a . That's what the lines after the while are for.
When using printf(), the arguments should always be a format string ("%s"), followed by the arguments.
Of course, there are other things as well that I didn't fix (such as the disagreement between the 1000-character word and the 100-character words). If I were you, I'd think about what to do if the user entered, for some reason, more than 1000 characters in a word, or more than 100 words. Your logic will need to be modified in these cases to prevent illegal memory accesses (outside the bounds of the arrays).
As a reminder, this program does not accept an indefinite number of words, but only up to 100. You may need to rethink your solution as a result.
In the following code example from K&R's book, if I replace putchar(c) with printf("%c", c) the code works the same. But if I replace it with printf("%d", c) it gives gibberish output.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int c;
c = getchar();
while (c != EOF) {
putchar(c);
c = getchar();
}
}
From here, I learned that the getchar() converts the stdin to an 8-bit character whose value ranges from 0 to 255.
Now I want to print the value of c using putchar(c) in one line and printf("%d", c) in another line. So I wrote the following code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int c, b;
c = getchar();
b = c;
while (c != EOF && c != 10) {
printf("%c",c);
c = getchar();
}
printf("\n");
while (b != EOF && b != 10) {
printf("%d\t",b);
b = getchar();
}
}
I used the condition c != 10 as the newline character is read as 10 by getchar(). I expected the code to work as
$ ./a.out
783
783
55 56 51
but the program terminates as
$ ./a.out
783
783
55
I understand that getchar() takes input from stdin and the variable b is not stdin. So how should I copy the variable c to b so that my program works as I expect it to?
The problem is that your code does not (and cannot, as it stands) 'remember' the inputs you gave in the first loop. So, after you have finished that loop, your second loop is wanting to read in the characters for b (after it has output the first value, which is remembered from the earlier b = c line).
So, after outputting 55 (the integer value of the character 7), it is waiting for further input.
Probably the easiest way to get the output that you're looking for is to have an array of input characters. Then, you can output the %c values as you read them (as before), then re-run the outputs using the %d format in a subsequent for loop.
Here is a demonstration that does what I think you're after:
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXINS 20 // Set to the maximum number of input characters you want to allow
int main()
{
int c[MAXINS];
int i = 0, n = 0;
c[0] = getchar();
while (i < MAXINS && c[i] != EOF && c[i] != 10) {
printf("%c", c[i]);
c[++i] = getchar();
++n;
}
printf("\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
printf("%d\t", (int)(c[i]));
}
return 0;
}
Feel free to ask for further clarification and/or explanation.
EDIT: On the point in the your first paragraph, "But if I replace it with printf("%d", c) it gives gibberish output." Well, when I try the following code and give 783 and then hit return (which generates a newline) I get the expected 55565110 as the output:
int main()
{
int c;
c = getchar();
while (c != EOF) {
printf("%d", c);
c = getchar();
}
return 0;
}
This may look like gibberish, but it's just the same output as you 'expect' in your later code, but without the spaces and with the addition of the 10 for the newline.
You need to have every character stored, because once you read a char from stdin, it is not present in stdin anymore.
Since you want the newline character in the end as a part of the input, you should use fgets to take the input.
Say you are taking an input that could have a maximum of 100 characters.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
char c[100]; // A char array
fgets(c,100,stdin);
int x=0;
while (c[x] != 10 && c[x] != EOF)
printf("%c",c[x++]);
printf("\n");
x = 0;
while (c[x] != 10 && c[x] != EOF) // You can simply compare it with the newline character too.
printf("%d ",c[x++]);
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
There are many ways to do this. You can also read stdin character-by-character ans store it in an array. However, since you need to display the ASCII values of the characters in another line after displaying the characters themselves, you will have to store them in an array.
You are copying only the first input, to copy the whole string you need to store each input in a buffer and check if the string doesn't overflow that buffer on each iteration:
int main(void)
{
enum {size = 256};
char buffer[size];
size_t count = 0;
int c;
while ((c = getchar()) && (c != '\n') && (c != EOF))
{
printf("%c", c);
if (count < size)
{
buffer[count++] = (char)c;
}
}
printf("\n");
for (size_t iter = 0; iter < count; iter++)
{
printf("%d\t", buffer[iter]);
}
printf("\n");
}
If you don't want to limit the buffer to an arbitrary size then you need to change your approach to use dynamic memory (realloc or a linked list)
I'm crazy about this problem (Uva 455):
A character string is said to have period k if it can be formed by
concatenating one or more repetitions of another string of length k.
For example, the string ”abcabcabcabc” has period 3, since it is
formed by 4 repetitions of the string ”abc”. It also has periods 6
(two repetitions of ”abcabc”) and 12 (one repetition of
”abcabcabcabc”).
Write a program to read a character string and
determine its smallest period.
Input
The first line oif the input file
will contain a single integer N indicating how many test case that
your program will test followed by a blank line. Each test case will
contain a single character string of up to 80 non-blank characters.
Two consecutive input will separated by a blank line.
Output
An
integer denoting the smallest period of the input string for each
input. Two consecutive output are separated by a blank line.
Sample Input
1
HoHoHo
Sample Output
2
I've checked all test cases I could imagine and all of them returned correct result, but I still get Wrong Answer on the online judge. Where did I go wrong?
(English is not my native language; please excuse typing or syntax errors.)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define maxn 85
int check(char* s, int per){
for(int i = 0; i < strlen(s) - per; i++){
if(s[i + per] != s[i]) return 0;
}
return 1;
}
int main(){
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
char s[maxn];
while(T--){
scanf("%s", s);
int len = strlen(s);
bool OK = false;
for(int i = 1; i <= len/2 && (len % i == 0); i++){//That's wrong.
if(check(s, i)){
printf("%d\n", i);
OK = true;
break;
}
}
if(!OK) printf("%d\n", len);
if(T) printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
The problem is in for(int i = 1; i <= len/2 && (len % i == 0); i++). You are stopping as soon as you encounter an i that doesn't divide len, instead of skipping it.
Write the loop as:
for (int i = 1; i <= len/2; i++) {
if (len % i != 0) continue;
...
}