HttpServletRequest is null when using filter for JWT, headers work on postman but not localhost - reactjs

I am using React for front-end and Java spring boot for backend. My api was working before I used Bcrypt to encode passwords but now there seems to be a problem with the internal filter before every api call where the response is null...
this is my WebSecurityConfig.java
#EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Autowired
private UserDetailsService myUserDetailsService;
#Autowired
private JwtRequestFilter jwtRequestFilter;
#Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(myUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncode());
}
#Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncode(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
#Override
#Bean
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
#Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
httpSecurity.csrf().disable()
.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/authenticate").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/personInfo").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/signup").permitAll().
anyRequest().authenticated().and().
addFilterBefore(jwtRequestFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class).exceptionHandling();
}
}
and this is my JWTRequestFilter.java
I was thinking it may have to do with the passwordEncoder() because my calls were working when i didn't use BcryptPasswordEncoder()...
#Component
public class JwtRequestFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
#Autowired
private MyUserDetailsService userDetailsService;
#Autowired
private JwtUtil jwtUtil;
#Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
if(request == null){
System.out.println("request is null");
}
final String authorizationHeader = request.getHeader("Authorization");
String username = null;
String jwt = null;
if (authorizationHeader != null && authorizationHeader.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
jwt = authorizationHeader.substring(7);
username = jwtUtil.extractUsername(jwt);
}
if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
if (jwtUtil.validateToken(jwt, userDetails)) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken);
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
i am using react for the front-end and am calling with axios
async totals(){
console.log('Bearer ', localStorage.getItem('id_token'));
let data = await axios.get("http://localhost:8080/totals", {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + localStorage.getItem('id_token')
}
})
.then(this._checkStatus);
return data.request.response;
}
the api works when i use the token in postman and so the problem is between the initial request and the filter...
the error I get is -
Access to XMLHttpRequest at 'http://localhost:8080/totals' from origin 'http://localhost:3000' has been blocked by CORS policy: Response to preflight request doesn't pass access control check: It does not have HTTP ok status.
thanks for your time :)

If anybody ever gets the same problem, I solved it by adding this line at the end of my configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) method in WebSecurityConfig.java
httpSecurity.cors();
:)

Related

Getting Unauthorized error: Full authentication is required to access this resource

I'm implementing JWT and Spring Security for authentication in my application.
I have 3 roles: Admin, Moderator and User.
For example, after logging with user role, I got the home page, but once I go to hit the user space by clicking on a button, I got:
2020-09-04 09:01:22.819 ERROR 10148 --- [nio-8080-exec-5]
c.b.s.security.jwt.AuthEntryPointJwt : Unauthorized error: Full
authentication is required to access this resource
the file webSecurityConfig.java is:
#Configuration
#EnableWebSecurity
#EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(
// securedEnabled = true,
// jsr250Enabled = true,
prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Autowired
UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService;
#Autowired
private AuthEntryPointJwt unauthorizedHandler;
#Bean
public AuthTokenFilter authenticationJwtTokenFilter() {
return new AuthTokenFilter();
}
#Override
public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder) throws Exception {
authenticationManagerBuilder.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
#Bean
#Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
#Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
#Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.cors().and().csrf().disable()
.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(unauthorizedHandler).and()
.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/api/auth/**").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/api/test/**").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated();
http.addFilterBefore(authenticationJwtTokenFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}
The class AuthEntryPointJwt is:
#Component
public class AuthEntryPointJwt implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AuthEntryPointJwt.class);
#Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.error("Unauthorized error: {}", authException.getMessage());
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Error: Unauthorized");
}
}
The class AuthTokenFilter is:
public class AuthTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
#Autowired
private JwtUtils jwtUtils;
#Autowired
private UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AuthTokenFilter.class);
#Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
String jwt = parseJwt(request);
if (jwt != null && jwtUtils.validateJwtToken(jwt)) {
String username = jwtUtils.getUserNameFromJwtToken(jwt);
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Cannot set user authentication: {}", e);
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
private String parseJwt(HttpServletRequest request) {
String headerAuth = request.getHeader("Authorization");
if (StringUtils.hasText(headerAuth) && headerAuth.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
return headerAuth.substring(7, headerAuth.length());
}
return null;
}
}
The class JwtUtils is:
#Component
public class JwtUtils {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtUtils.class);
#Value("${bezkoder.app.jwtSecret}")
private String jwtSecret;
#Value("${bezkoder.app.jwtExpirationMs}")
private int jwtExpirationMs;
public String generateJwtToken(Authentication authentication) {
UserDetailsImpl userPrincipal = (UserDetailsImpl) authentication.getPrincipal();
return Jwts.builder()
.setSubject((userPrincipal.getUsername()))
.setIssuedAt(new Date())
.setExpiration(new Date((new Date()).getTime() + jwtExpirationMs))
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, jwtSecret)
.compact();
}
public String getUserNameFromJwtToken(String token) {
return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(jwtSecret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody().getSubject();
}
public boolean validateJwtToken(String authToken) {
try {
Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(jwtSecret).parseClaimsJws(authToken);
return true;
} catch (SignatureException e) {
logger.error("Invalid JWT signature: {}", e.getMessage());
} catch (MalformedJwtException e) {
logger.error("Invalid JWT token: {}", e.getMessage());
} catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
logger.error("JWT token is expired: {}", e.getMessage());
} catch (UnsupportedJwtException e) {
logger.error("JWT token is unsupported: {}", e.getMessage());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
logger.error("JWT claims string is empty: {}", e.getMessage());
}
return false;
}
}
The class AuthController is:
#CrossOrigin(origins = "*", maxAge = 3600)
#RestController
#RequestMapping("/api/auth")
public class AuthController {
#Autowired
AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
#Autowired
UserRepository userRepository;
#Autowired
RoleRepository roleRepository;
#Autowired
PasswordEncoder encoder;
#Autowired
JwtUtils jwtUtils;
#PostMapping("/signin")
public ResponseEntity<?> authenticateUser(#Valid #RequestBody LoginRequest loginRequest) {
System.out.println("---------------- auth 1 ");
Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(
new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginRequest.getUsername(), loginRequest.getPassword()));
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
String jwt = jwtUtils.generateJwtToken(authentication);
UserDetailsImpl userDetails = (UserDetailsImpl) authentication.getPrincipal();
List<String> roles = userDetails.getAuthorities().stream()
.map(item -> item.getAuthority())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
return ResponseEntity.ok(new JwtResponse(jwt,
userDetails.getId(),
userDetails.getUsername(),
userDetails.getEmail(),
roles));
}
#GetMapping("/user")
#PreAuthorize("hasRole('USER') or hasRole('MODERATOR') or hasRole('ADMIN')")
public String userAccess()
{
System.out.println("---------------- test User ");
return "User Content.";
}
}
The file application.properties, I put:
spring.datasource.url=...
spring.datasource.username=...
spring.datasource.password=...
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.lob.non_contextual_creation= true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=...
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
bezkoder.app.jwtSecret= bezKoderSecretKey
bezkoder.app.jwtExpirationMs= 86400000
In Browser console, I got that exception.
Could you please help me solving that issue ?. Big thanks.
You have to update WebSecurityConfig according to your Controller mapping.
.antMatchers("/**").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated();
You probably are testing in wrong in postman or amneasia or whatever API testing tool you are using. If you are using postman :
1.Select the Header tab
2.Click the button that says "hide auto-generated headers"
3.Type "Authorization" (without quotes) under the "Key" column.
4.Type "Bearer" under the "Value" column then paste the token. Ensure there is a space between "Bearer" and the "Token".
5.Send the request
You should comment #PreAuthorize("hasRole('USER') or hasRole('MODERATOR') or hasRole('ADMIN')").
Tell about the result ?.

Spring BOOT Cors Filter OPTIONS Error 'Response to preflight request doesn't pass access control check'

I have been trying to solve this cors error for hours and I tried every possible solution except one (which is adding options method for every resource/request).. You can find every tried things below;
Cors-Configuration Class
#Configuration
public class CorsConfiguration
{
#Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer corsConfigurer()
{
return new WebMvcConfigurer() {
#Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
registry.addMapping("/**")
.allowedHeaders("*")
.allowedMethods("GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS")
.allowCredentials(true)
.allowedOrigins("*")
.exposedHeaders(AuthorizationController.AUTHENTICATION_KEY_NAME + "," +
HandlerHelper.REASON_KEYNAME)
.maxAge(3600);
}
};
}
}
Pre Handle
#Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler){
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin","*");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods" ,"GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers",AuthorizationController.AUTHENTICATION_KEY_NAME +","+ REASON_KEYNAME);
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age","3600"); }
application.properties
spring.mvc.dispatch-options-request=true
Adding both annotation to class and OPTIONS method to any request per resource
#CrossOrigin(origins = "*", maxAge = 3600)
#RequestMapping(value = "/**", method = RequestMethod.OPTIONS)
public ResponseEntity handle() {
return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.OK);
}
How can i allow 'not simple cors request' in spring boot? Or is this react issue? My front-end developer cant send request from axios..
Adding code below fixed the problem.
#EnableWebSecurity
public static class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
// ...
http.cors().and().csrf().disable();
}
}

Spring Oauth2 Angularjs Login Not Woking

Currently I'm developing Spring OAuth2 security project with Angularjs. I'm taking a token with oauth server and I'm parsing to headers but when I try to redirect to home page I'm thrown by "Full authentication is required to access this resource" but I loged in and client server gives an anonymousUser and access denied.
#Configuration
#EnableWebSecurity
#Order(SecurityProperties.ACCESS_OVERRIDE_ORDER)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
web
.ignoring()
.antMatchers("/login.html")
.antMatchers("/js/**")
.antMatchers("/css/**")
.antMatchers("/metronic/css/**")
.antMatchers("/metronic/js/**")
.antMatchers("/metronic/image/**")
.antMatchers("/image/**")
.antMatchers("/language/**")
.antMatchers("/404.html")
.antMatchers("/logout")
.antMatchers("/kilitEkrani.html")
.antMatchers("/metronic/css/fonts/**")
.antMatchers("/metronic/fonts/**");
}
#Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/css/**", "/metronic/css/**").permitAll()
.and().authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/metronic/image/**", "/image/**", "/metronic/css/fonts/**", "/metronic/fonts/**").permitAll()
.and().authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/js/**", "/metronic/js/**").permitAll()
.and().httpBasic().and().authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/login.html", "/language/**", "/api/kullanici/user", "/logout", "/kilitEkrani.html", "/404.html").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated().and()
.addFilterAfter(csrfHeaderFilter(), CsrfFilter.class).csrf().csrfTokenRepository(csrfTokenRepository()).and()
.logout()
.logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout"))
.logoutSuccessUrl("/login.html")
.permitAll().and().csrf().disable();
}
private Filter csrfHeaderFilter() {
return new OncePerRequestFilter() {
#Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
CsrfToken csrf = (CsrfToken) request.getAttribute(CsrfToken.class
.getName());
if (csrf != null) {
Cookie cookie = WebUtils.getCookie(request, "XSRF-TOKEN");
String token = csrf.getToken();
if (cookie == null || token != null
&& !token.equals(cookie.getValue())) {
cookie = new Cookie("XSRF-TOKEN", token);
cookie.setPath("/");
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
};
}
private CsrfTokenRepository csrfTokenRepository() {
HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository repository = new HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository();
repository.setHeaderName("X-XSRF-TOKEN");
return repository;
}
}
This is my security config. Am I missing something? Help please...
I think the problem is that you make use of basic authentication in the auth server. You can try to disable the basic authentication and use form authentication instead.

Spring Oauth2 + User Registration

I have problem with Spring Oauth2 again. I know this topic is not easy to suggest sth or check the codes because we have too much configuration.
My project has 3 different servers, Authentication server, resource server and front-end server. I want to put register.html to user's registration in front-end project(under Angularjs files) but when I make request to the related url (http://localhost:7080/app/#register) its redirecting to the login page (http://localhost:9080/auth-service/login) only for a second i can see my register.html content but after that its going to login page.
The question is, where should i put this register.html, it should be under front-end project or authentication server ?
My authentication server and front-end server codes are;
#Configuration
public class AuthServerSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Autowired
private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
#Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)
throws Exception {
auth.parentAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager);
auth.authenticationProvider(userAuthProviderService());
}
private CsrfMatcher csrfRequestMatcher = new CsrfMatcher();
#Override
protected void configure(final HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
/*http.csrf().disable();*/
http.csrf().requireCsrfProtectionMatcher(csrfRequestMatcher);
http
.formLogin().loginPage("/login").defaultSuccessUrl("/")
/*.failureUrl("")*/.successHandler(new AuthSuccessHandler()).permitAll()
.and()
.requestMatchers().antMatchers("/login", "/oauth/authorize", "/oauth/confirm_access","/register")
.and()
.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated();
}
#Bean
public UserAuthProviderService userAuthProviderService(){
return new UserAuthProviderService();
}
private class CsrfMatcher implements RequestMatcher {
#Override
public boolean matches(HttpServletRequest request) {
return false;
}
}
}
#Configuration
#EnableAutoConfiguration
#RestController
#EnableZuulProxy
#EnableOAuth2Sso
#EnableOAuth2Client
public class UIServiceMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UIServiceMain.class, args);
}
#Configuration
protected static class SecurityConfiguration extends OAuth2SsoConfigurerAdapter {
#Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.logout().and()
.antMatcher("/**").authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/index.html", "/home.html", "/", "/login","/register.html").permitAll().anyRequest()
.authenticated().and().csrf().disable();
http.headers().frameOptions().disable(); //FOR EMBED MAP
}
//unused
private Filter csrfHeaderFilter() {
return new OncePerRequestFilter() {
#Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
CsrfToken csrf = (CsrfToken) request.getAttribute(CsrfToken.class
.getName());
if (csrf != null) {
Cookie cookie = WebUtils.getCookie(request, "XSRF-TOKEN");
String token = csrf.getToken();
if (cookie == null || token != null
&& !token.equals(cookie.getValue())) {
cookie = new Cookie("XSRF-TOKEN", token);
cookie.setPath("/");
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
};
}
//unused
private CsrfTokenRepository csrfTokenRepository() {
HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository repository = new HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository();
repository.setHeaderName("X-XSRF-TOKEN");
return repository;
}
}
}
in your UI server try to create websecurity with /register.hml enabled, something like this
#Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
#Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.requestMatchers()
.antMatchers("/register.html")
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated();
}
}
edit:
or maybe in your current configuration remove .antMatcher("/**").authorizeRequests() and add and() .authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated()
so finally it could be something like this:
#Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.logout().and()
.antMatchers("/index.html", "/home.html", "/", "/login","/register.html").permitAll().anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and().csrf().disable();
http.headers().frameOptions().disable() //FOR EMBED MAP
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated();
}
Couple of things:
I can't think of a good reason not to put your *.html anywhere other than front end server.
Also, in general, you should permit access to your static UI components publically, like #bilak mentioned:
.antMatchers("/index.html", "/home.html", "/", "/login","/register.html").permitAll()
If you are able to see register.html page at all (assuming unauthenticated user) then it is public already
Perhaps, there is a webservice call on register.html's load event that is behind Spring security that is triggering the auth flow.

Using AngularJS with SpringSecurity3.2 for CSRF

AngularJS
index.html
<head>
<meta name="_csrf" content="${_csrf.token}"/>
<!-- default header name is X-CSRF-TOKEN -->
<meta name="_csrf_header" content="${_csrf.headerName}"/>
</head>
SpringSecurity 3.2
Spring uses HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository which by default gives header name for CSRF as X-CSRF-TOKEN, however Anuglar convention is X-XSRF-TOKEN
I wanted to extend HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository and override the header name, but since it is marked final I ended up implementing a custom token repository.
#Component
public class CustomCsrfTokenRepository implements CsrfTokenRepository {
public static final String CSRF_PARAMETER_NAME = "_csrf";
public static final String CSRF_HEADER_NAME = "X-XSRF-TOKEN";
private final Map<String, CsrfToken> tokenRepository = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public CustomCsrfTokenRepository() {
log.info("Creating {}", CustomCsrfTokenRepository.class.getSimpleName());
}
#Override
public CsrfToken generateToken(HttpServletRequest request) {
return new DefaultCsrfToken(CSRF_HEADER_NAME, CSRF_PARAMETER_NAME, createNewToken());
}
#Override
public void saveToken(CsrfToken token, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
String key = getKey(request);
if (key == null)
return;
if (token == null) {
tokenRepository.remove(key);
} else {
tokenRepository.put(key, token);
}
}
#Override
public CsrfToken loadToken(HttpServletRequest request) {
String key = getKey(request);
return key == null ? null : tokenRepository.get(key);
}
private String getKey(HttpServletRequest request) {
return request.getHeader("Authorization");
}
private String createNewToken() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
}
SecurityConfig.java
#Configuration
#EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
#Inject
private CustomCsrfTokenRepository customCsrfTokenRepository;
#Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
// .addFilterAfter(new CsrfTokenGeneratorFilter(), CsrfFilter.class)
.exceptionHandling()
.authenticationEntryPoint(authenticationEntryPoint)
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginProcessingUrl("/app/authentication")
.successHandler(ajaxAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
.failureHandler(ajaxAuthenticationFailureHandler)
.usernameParameter("j_username")
.passwordParameter("j_password")
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf()
.csrfTokenRepository(customCsrfTokenRepository)
.and()
}
}
How can I cleanly override the header name instead of creating a custom csrfTokenRepository?
Is there any other configuration changes I need to do for Single Page
Applications such as AngularJS, as this does not work yet.
When using Java configuration for Spring Security, the following should be possible:
public void configure(final HttpSecurity http) throws Exception
{
final HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository tokenRepository = new HttpSessionCsrfTokenRepository();
tokenRepository.setHeaderName("X-XSRF-TOKEN");
http.csrf().csrfTokenRepository(tokenRepository);
}
The complication is that single-page applications rely on AJAX and including CSRF tokens with AJAX requests is a bit complicated. When using AngularJS, the server should send a session cookie called XSRF-TOKEN upon first request and whenever a user logs in or logs out. AngularJS will then return the value of this cookie in the HTTP header X-XSRF-TOKEN with all requests, which the server can then check.

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