Get all output from sqlite3 in C - c

I have a table with 2 entry :
id hostname ip port
1 Raspberry pi 192.168.1.49 22
2 Test 127.0.0.1 22
In my code i get only the first entry with sqlite3.
I have :
{"id": "1", "hostname": "Raspberry pi", "ip": "192.168.1.49", "port": "22"}
Where is the second entry ?
I tried with printf and get the same problem it's not json issue.
There is the code :
#include <stdarg.h> /* va_list */
#include <stddef.h> /* NULL */
#include <stdint.h> /* int64_t */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h> /* memset */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <kcgi.h>
#include <kcgihtml.h>
#include <kcgijson.h>
static int callback(void *ptr, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName) {
struct kjsonreq *req = (struct kjsonreq *)ptr;
struct khtmlreq r;
int i;
for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
kjson_putstringp(req, azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
}
}
int
main(void)
{
struct kreq r;
struct kjsonreq req;
const char *page = "index";
if (khttp_parse(&r, NULL, 0, &page, 1, 0) != KCGI_OK)
return EXIT_FAILURE;
khttp_head(&r, kresps[KRESP_STATUS],
"%s", khttps[KHTTP_200]);
khttp_head(&r, kresps[KRESP_CONTENT_TYPE],
"%s", kmimetypes[r.mime]);
khttp_body(&r);
kjson_open(&req, &r);
kjson_obj_open(&req);
sqlite3 *db;
char *zErrMsg = 0;
int rc;
rc = sqlite3_open("/var/www/MaSSH/databases/massh.db", &db);
if(rc){
sqlite3_close(db);
}
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", callback, &req, &zErrMsg);
if(rc!= SQLITE_OK){
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sqlite3_close(db);
kjson_obj_close(&req);
kjson_close(&req);
khttp_free(&r);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

#include <sys/types.h> /* size_t, ssize_t */
#include <stdarg.h> /* va_list */
#include <stddef.h> /* NULL */
#include <stdint.h> /* int64_t */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h> /* memset */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <kcgi.h>
#include <kcgihtml.h>
#include <kcgijson.h>
int
main(void)
{
struct kreq r;
struct kjsonreq req;
const char *page = "index";
if (khttp_parse(&r, NULL, 0, &page, 1, 0) != KCGI_OK)
return EXIT_FAILURE;
khttp_head(&r, kresps[KRESP_STATUS],
"%s", khttps[KHTTP_200]);
khttp_head(&r, kresps[KRESP_CONTENT_TYPE],
"%s", kmimetypes[r.mime]);
khttp_body(&r);
kjson_open(&req, &r);
kjson_obj_open(&req);
sqlite3 *db;
sqlite3_stmt *res;
int rc;
rc = sqlite3_open("/var/www/MaSSH/databases/massh.db", &db);
if(rc){
sqlite3_close(db);
}
rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", -1, &res, 0);
while((rc = sqlite3_step(res)) == SQLITE_ROW){
kjson_objp_open(&req, "host");
kjson_putstringp(&req, "id", sqlite3_column_text(res,0));
kjson_putstringp(&req, "hostname", sqlite3_column_text(res,1));
kjson_putstringp(&req, "ip", sqlite3_column_text(res,2));
kjson_putstringp(&req, "port", sqlite3_column_text(res,3));
kjson_obj_close(&req);
}
sqlite3_close(db);
kjson_obj_close(&req);
kjson_close(&req);
khttp_free(&r);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Related

I'm not able to pass a callback function with a new argument i added in c

I don't know how to pass a variable into a callback to do some stuff (print json output) inside this function.
In sample code there is no other functions i need to pass but with sqlite3 I think I have to do this in the callback, tell me if i'm doing wrong.
The callback is called in sendhosts() function in my code.
I get this error :
In function ‘sendhosts’:
sample.c:85:48: error: too few arguments to function ‘callback’
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", callback(req), 0, &zErrMsg);
Original code is :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>
static int callback(void *NotUsed, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName){
int i;
for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv){
sqlite3 *db;
char *zErrMsg = 0;
int rc;
if( argc!=3 ){
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s DATABASE SQL-STATEMENT\n", argv[0]);
return(1);
}
rc = sqlite3_open(argv[1], &db);
if( rc ){
fprintf(stderr, "Can't open database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
sqlite3_close(db);
return(1);
}
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, argv[2], callback, 0, &zErrMsg);
if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
fprintf(stderr, "SQL error: %s\n", zErrMsg);
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sqlite3_close(db);
return 0;
}
My code is :
#include <sys/types.h> /* size_t, ssize_t */
#include <stdarg.h> /* va_list */
#include <stddef.h> /* NULL */
#include <stdint.h> /* int64_t */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h> /* memset */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <kcgi.h>
#include <kcgihtml.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>
enum page {
PAGE_HOSTS,
PAGE__MAX
};
enum key {
KEY_INTEGER,
KEY_FILE,
KEY_PAGECOUNT,
KEY_PAGESIZE,
KEY__MAX
};
struct tstrct {
struct khtmlreq req;
struct kreq *r;
};
typedef void (*disp)(struct kreq *);
static void sendhosts(struct kreq *);
static const disp disps[PAGE__MAX] = {
sendhosts, /* PAGE_SENDDATA */
};
static const struct kvalid keys[KEY__MAX] = {
{ kvalid_int, "integer" }, /* KEY_INTEGER */
{ NULL, "file" }, /* KEY_FILE */
{ kvalid_uint, "count" }, /* KEY_PAGECOUNT */
{ kvalid_uint, "size" }, /* KEY_PAGESIZE */
};
static const char *const pages[PAGE__MAX] = {
"sendhosts" /* PAGE_SENDDATA */
};
static void
resp_open(struct kreq *req, enum khttp http)
{
enum kmime mime;
if (KMIME__MAX == (mime = req->mime))
mime = KMIME_APP_OCTET_STREAM;
khttp_head(req, kresps[KRESP_STATUS],
"%s", khttps[http]);
khttp_head(req, kresps[KRESP_CONTENT_TYPE],
"%s", kmimetypes[mime]);
khttp_body(req);
}
static int callback(struct kreq *req, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName){
char *page;
struct khtmlreq r;
resp_open(req, KHTTP_200);
khtml_open(&r, req, 0);
int i;
for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
printf("%s = %s\n", azColName[i], argv[i] ? argv[i] : "NULL");
struct khtmlreq r;
khtml_puts(&r, "OK");
}
khtml_close(&r);
free(page);
}
static void
sendhosts(struct kreq *req)
{
sqlite3 *db;
char *zErrMsg = 0;
int rc;
rc = sqlite3_open("/var/www/MaSSH/databases/massh.db", &db);
if(rc){
sqlite3_close(db);
}
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", callback(req), 0, &zErrMsg);
if(rc!= SQLITE_OK){
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sqlite3_close(db);
}
int
main(void)
{
struct kreq r;
enum kcgi_err er;
/* Set up our main HTTP context. */
er = khttp_parse(&r, keys, KEY__MAX,
pages, PAGE__MAX, PAGE_HOSTS);
if (KCGI_OK != er)
return(EXIT_FAILURE);
/*
* Accept only GET, POST, and OPTIONS.
* Restrict to text/html and a valid page.
* If all of our parameters are valid, use a dispatch array to
* send us to the page handlers.
*/
if (KMETHOD_OPTIONS == r.method) {
khttp_head(&r, kresps[KRESP_ALLOW],
"OPTIONS GET POST");
resp_open(&r, KHTTP_200);
} else if (KMETHOD_GET != r.method &&
KMETHOD_POST != r.method) {
resp_open(&r, KHTTP_405);
} else if (PAGE__MAX == r.page ||
KMIME_TEXT_HTML != r.mime) {
resp_open(&r, KHTTP_404);
} else
(*disps[r.page])(&r);
khttp_free(&r);
return(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Your callback's signature
static int callback(struct kreq *req, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName)
is wrong. It should be
static int callback(void *ptr, int argc, char **argv, char **azColName) {
struct kreq *req = (struct kreq *)ptr;
The callback's signature should exactly match the function pointer's format, which, for sqlite3_exec, is int (*callback)(void *, int, char **, char **).
And this
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", callback(req), 0, &zErrMsg);
should be
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "SELECT * FROM hosts;", callback, req, &zErrMsg);
callback(req) calls callback, which is not what you want; you're trying to pass a function pointer to a function, which is done with just the function's name.

How to use libnetfilter_conntrack to query a conntrack?

Here is a conntrack, i can get it from "cat /proc/net/nf_conntrack" :
root#raspberrypi:~# cat /proc/net/nf_conntrack|grep 192.168.6.18|grep 33 |grep 192.168.6.231
ipv4 2 tcp 6 426361 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.6.231 dst=192.168.6.18 sport=60299 dport=33 src=192.168.6.10 dst=192.168.6.231 sport=22 dport=60299 [ASSURED] mark=0 zone=0 use=2
Problem : I want to get this specially conntrack by using libnetfilter_conntrack , but i don't get anything when i try to , here is my code below :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <libnetfilter_conntrack/libnetfilter_conntrack.h>
#include <libnetfilter_conntrack/libnetfilter_conntrack_tcp.h>
int cb(enum nf_conntrack_msg_type type,struct nf_conntrack *ct,void *data)
{
char buf[1024];
nfct_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), ct, NFCT_T_UNKNOWN, NFCT_O_DEFAULT, NFCT_OF_SHOW_LAYER3);
printf("%s\n", buf);
return NFCT_CB_CONTINUE;
}
int get()
{
int ret;
struct nfct_handle *h;
struct nf_conntrack *ct;
ct = nfct_new();
if (!ct) {
perror("nfct_new");
return 0;
}
nfct_set_attr_u8(ct, ATTR_REPL_L3PROTO, AF_INET);
nfct_set_attr_u32(ct, ATTR_REPL_IPV4_SRC, inet_addr("192.168.6.10"));
nfct_set_attr_u32(ct, ATTR_REPL_IPV4_DST, inet_addr("192.168.6.231"));
nfct_set_attr_u8(ct, ATTR_REPL_L4PROTO, IPPROTO_TCP);
nfct_set_attr_u16(ct, ATTR_REPL_PORT_SRC, htons(22));
nfct_set_attr_u16(ct, ATTR_REPL_PORT_DST, htons(60299));
h = nfct_open(CONNTRACK, 0);
if (!h) {
perror("nfct_open");
nfct_destroy(ct);
return -1;
}
nfct_callback_register(h, NFCT_T_ALL, cb, NULL);
ret = nfct_query(h, NFCT_Q_GET, ct);
if (ret == -1)
printf("(%d)(%s)\n", ret, strerror(errno));
else
printf("(OK)\n");
nfct_close(h);
nfct_destroy(ct);
return -1;
}
int main()
{
get();
return 1;
}
Is there something wrong about the code?
Thank you very much for everyone try to help me
Try NFCT_Q_DUMP instead of NFCT_Q_GET.
--- orig.c 2017-06-12 21:11:09.724364635 +0900
+++ dest.c 2017-06-12 21:11:37.568363970 +0900
## -15,7 +15,11 ##
int cb(enum nf_conntrack_msg_type type,struct nf_conntrack *ct,void *data)
{
char buf[1024];
+ struct nf_conntrack *obj = data;
+ if (!nfct_cmp(obj, ct, NFCT_CMP_ALL | NFCT_CMP_MASK))
+ return NFCT_CB_CONTINUE;
+
nfct_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), ct, NFCT_T_UNKNOWN, NFCT_O_DEFAULT, NFCT_OF_SHOW_LAYER3);
printf("%s\n", buf);
## -27,6 +31,7 ## int get()
int ret;
struct nfct_handle *h;
struct nf_conntrack *ct;
+ int family = AF_INET;
ct = nfct_new();
## -49,8 +54,8 ## int get()
return -1;
}
- nfct_callback_register(h, NFCT_T_ALL, cb, NULL);
- ret = nfct_query(h, NFCT_Q_GET, ct);
+ nfct_callback_register(h, NFCT_T_ALL, cb, ct);
+ ret = nfct_query(h, NFCT_Q_DUMP, &family);
if (ret == -1)
printf("(%d)(%s)\n", ret, strerror(errno));

Linux kernel module - IOCTL usage returns ENOTTY

Im working on little kernel module. Im trying to use IOCTL (in ioctl_add), but I get ENOTTY when I call it, which is checked in switch, on the bottom of main. The code is below. Has anyone got any idea what am I doing wrong?
user.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define IOCTL_TYPE (100)
#define IOCTL_ADD (_IO(IOCTL_TYPE, 1))
void cleanup()
{
if(f>=0) {
close(f);
}
}
int ioctl_add(int f)
{
int ret;
ret = ioctl(f, IOCTL_ADD);
printf("Add \n");
return ret;
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
int fd;
int *ptr;
fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("error");
}
posix_memalign((void **)&ptr, 4096, 4096);
* ptr = atoi(argv[2]);
write(fd, ptr, 4096);
ioctl_add(fd);
printf("data is %d\n", *ptr);
close(fd);
switch(errno){
case EBADF:
printf("errno: EBADF \n");
break;
case EFAULT:
printf("errno: EFAULT \n");
break;
case EINVAL:
printf("errno: EINVAL \n");
break;
case ENOTTY:
printf("errno: ENOTTY \n");
break;
default:
printf("errno: none \n");
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
module.c:
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
//#include <linux/mm.h>
//#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/bitops.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#define IOCTL_TYPE (100)
#define IOCTL_ADD (_IO(IOCTL_TYPE, 1))
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "acc_priv"
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
int ress, tmp;
struct page *page;
int *myaddr;
ssize_t acc_read(struct file *filp,
char __user *buf, size_t count,loff_t * off)
{
printk (KERN_ALERT "Opened\n\r");
return 0;
}
ssize_t acc_write(struct file *filp,
const char __user *buf, size_t count,loff_t * off)
{
printk (KERN_ALERT "Write\n\r");
printk(KERN_INFO "%s\n", __FUNCTION__);
down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
ress = get_user_pages(current, current->mm,(unsigned long)buf,1,1,1,&page,NULL);
if (ress) {
printk(KERN_INFO "Got mmaped.\n");
myaddr = kmap(page);
printk(KERN_INFO "%d\n", *myaddr);
tmp = *myaddr;
tmp = tmp * 2;
printk(KERN_INFO "the result of multiplying: %d\n", tmp);
* myaddr = tmp;
page_cache_release(page);
}
up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
return (0);
}
static int acc_open(struct inode *inode,
struct file *file)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "Opened inode:%p, file:%p\n", inode, file);
return 0;
}
long acc_ioctl(struct file *filp,
unsigned int cmd,unsigned long arg)
{
if(cmd == IOCTL_ADD)
printk(KERN_INFO "Do specified job \n");
return 0;
{
int acc_release(struct inode *inode,
struct file *file)
{
printk (KERN_INFO "device_release(%p,%p)\n", inode, file);
return 0;
}
struct file_operations Fops = {
.owner=THIS_MODULE,
.read=acc_read,
.write=acc_write,
.open=acc_open,
.unlocked_ioctl=acc_ioctl,
.release=acc_release,
};
dev_t my_dev=0;
struct cdev * my_cdev = NULL;
static struct class *class_acc_priv = NULL;
void clean_up(void)
{
if(my_dev && class_acc_priv) {
device_destroy(class_acc_priv,my_dev);
}
if(my_cdev) {
cdev_del(my_cdev);
my_cdev=NULL;
}
if(my_dev) {
unregister_chrdev_region(my_dev, 1);
}
if(class_acc_priv) {
class_destroy(class_acc_priv);
class_acc_priv=NULL;
}
}
int init_acc_priv(void)
{
int res=0;
res=alloc_chrdev_region(&my_dev, 0, 1, DEVICE_NAME);
if(res) {
printk (KERN_ALERT "Alocation of the device number for %s failed\n",
DEVICE_NAME);
return res;
};
class_acc_priv = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "acc_class");
if (IS_ERR(class_acc_priv)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Error creating rs_class.\n");
res=PTR_ERR(class_acc_priv);
goto err1;
}
my_cdev = cdev_alloc( );
my_cdev->ops = &Fops;
my_cdev->owner = THIS_MODULE;
res=cdev_add(my_cdev, my_dev, 1);
if(res) {
printk (KERN_ALERT "Registration of the device number for %s failed\n",
DEVICE_NAME);
res=-EFAULT;
goto err1;
};
device_create(class_acc_priv,NULL,my_dev,NULL,"acc_priv%d",MINOR(my_dev));
printk (KERN_ALERT "%s The major device number is %d.\n",
"Registeration is a success.",
MAJOR(my_dev));
return res;
err1:
clean_up();
return res;
}
module_init(init_acc_priv);
void cleanup_acc_priv( void )
{
clean_up();
}
module_exit(cleanup_acc_priv);
When 32bit application is run on 64bit OS, it uses compat_ioctl syscall instead of unlocked_ioctl one for perform ioctl command. The reason of special syscall is that size of ioctl argument may differ for 64bit and 32bit applications.
So you need to implement .compat_ioctl file operation.

PulseAudio:sound recorded but plays annoying sound

I'm new with PulseAudio. I'm trying to make simple programs. One would record the sound and save it in baniry file, and the other one should open it and play. Here is my code for recording:
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pulse/simple.h>
#include <pulse/error.h>
#define BUFSIZE 32
int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
/* The Sample format to use */
static const pa_sample_spec ss = {
.format = PA_SAMPLE_S16LE, //16bit iqneba agwerili tito sample
.rate = 44100, //number of samples played in each second
.channels = 2
};
pa_simple *s_in = NULL;
int ret = 1;
int error;
int siri =0;
//file info
FILE* pFile;
char* yourFilePath = "xma.bin";
pFile = fopen(yourFilePath,"wb");
if (!(s_in = pa_simple_new(NULL, argv[0], PA_STREAM_RECORD, NULL, "record", &ss, NULL, NULL, &error)))
{
fprintf(stderr, __FILE__": pa_simple_new() failed: %s\n", pa_strerror(error));
goto finish;
}
for (;siri<10000;siri+=1)
{
uint8_t buf[BUFSIZE];
ssize_t r;
int yorBufferSize = strlen(buf) + 1;
/* Write your buffer to disk. */
if (pa_simple_read(s_in, buf, sizeof(buf), &error) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, __FILE__": read() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
goto finish;
}
if (pFile)
{
fwrite(buf, yorBufferSize, 1, pFile);
puts("Wrote to file!");
}
else
{
puts("Something wrong writing to File.");
}
}
ret = 0;
finish:
if (s_in)
pa_simple_free(s_in);
return ret;
fclose(pFile);
}
And here is my recording program:
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pulse/simple.h>
#include <pulse/error.h>
#define BUFSIZE 32
int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
/* The Sample format to use */
static const pa_sample_spec ss = {
.format = PA_SAMPLE_S16LE, //16bit iqneba agwerili tito sample
.rate = 44100, //number of samples played in each second
.channels = 2
};
pa_simple *s_out = NULL;
int ret = 1;
int error;
//file info
FILE* pFile;
char* yourFilePath = "xma.bin";
pFile = fopen(yourFilePath, "rb");
/* Create a new playback stream */
if (!(s_out = pa_simple_new(NULL, argv[0], PA_STREAM_PLAYBACK, NULL, "playback", &ss, NULL, NULL, &error)))
{
fprintf(stderr, __FILE__": pa_simple_new() failed: %s\n", pa_strerror(error));
goto finish;
}
for (;;)
{
uint8_t buf[BUFSIZE];
fread(buf, sizeof(buf), 1, pFile);
ssize_t r;
if(feof(pFile))
{
break;
}
printf("%x", buf);
/* ... and play it */
if (pa_simple_write(s_out, buf, sizeof(buf), &error) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, __FILE__": pa_simple_write() failed: %s\n", pa_strerror(error));
goto finish;
}
}
/* Make sure that every single sample was played */
if (pa_simple_drain(s_out, &error) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, __FILE__": pa_simple_drain() failed: %s\n", pa_strerror(error));
goto finish;
}
ret = 0;
finish:
if (s_out)
pa_simple_free(s_out);
return ret;
fclose(pFile);
}
For loop in record program is just for time to record something(could not figure out how to set a timer) and I know that I should not use gotos but its for educational purposes(example provided on PulseAudio website). I tried hexdump of xma.bin and it gave me totally different ouput
than printf("%x", buf); Basically printf only gives back bf9fe15c repeatedly and it make annoying sound. Hope you can help. thanks.
I deleted pa_simple_drain() (it was my mistake that i used this function in recording program)function from record program and now it works. But in printf("%x", buf) it still gives me back same hex value over and over again. But programs work great. Can someone exmplain why does it print same value?

HMAC using Linux Kernel Crypto APIs not the same as the one by OpenSSL command

I tried code(Using Linux Kernel Crypto APIs) for calculating HMAC-SHA512 on a file.
Surprisingly, HMAC calculated from the kernel code and from OpenSSL commands are different.
OpenSSL commands are:
openssl rand -base64 16
plakOhrXlfnBENPVBo91kg==
openssl dgst -sha512 -mac hmac -macopt key:plakOhrXlfnBENPVBo91kg== ../hello6.ko
HMAC-SHA512(../hello6.ko)= 9605f40851630f5b7a18fa30c7e5d6f1e77afb011d319efa515556d12ba6930f459825b3695a0d0d910a714724c0d99b36ccea5c878962b32a8de65dcbcc247d
HMAC-SHA512 from the kernel code is:
84306723b713379aa666fe9aa75af3192a9707d19136c25dd2286c5f6d86dfd8f76ceaa0ce147b53c0e9f7bfab485f38f5139c687c34c840db7f7fa9438bf8b0d8df8e770088ffffc8de8e770088ffffc3f027a0ffffffff672c00000088fffff0de8e770088ffff1900000000000080672c000000000000e8de8e770088ffff
How come these HMACs are different for the same content? Any pointers to get rid of this issue is very helpful.
Base64 encoded key is generated by below command and stored in a file:
openssl rand -base64 -out $Module_name.sha512key 16
HMAC is generated on a file and stored in a file.
openssl dgst -sha512 -mac hmac -macopt key:$HMAC_KEY $HMAC_PATH/$Module_name> temp.txt
Key and File content are read by below code:
static char hmac[HMAC_SHA512_SIZE];
const char *kofilename = "/home/sri/Documents/Hello/hello6.ko";
const char *hmackey_file = "/home/sri/Documents/Hello/hello6.ko.sha512key";
const char *hmac_file = "/home/sri/Documents/Hello/hello6.ko.sha512";
unsigned char *data = NULL;
int readkostatus;
int readkeystatus;
int readhmacstatus;
unsigned char *hmackey = NULL;
unsigned char *stored_hmac = NULL;
readkeystatus = read_file(hmackey_file, &hmackey);
if(readkeystatus < 0)
goto readkeyerr;
printk(KERN_INFO "HMAC Key is :%s", hmackey);
readkostatus = read_kofile(kofilename, &data);
if(readkostatus < 0)
goto readkoerr;
printk(KERN_INFO "File data size is :%ld", strlen(data));
printk(KERN_INFO "File data is :%s", data);
hmac_sha512(hmackey, data, hmac, sizeof(hmac));
printk(KERN_INFO "FINAL HMAC:%s", hmac);
readhmacstatus = read_file(hmac_file, &stored_hmac);
if(readhmacstatus < 0)
goto readhmacerr;
printk(KERN_INFO "Stored HMAC:%s", stored_hmac);
if(!memcmp(stored_hmac, hmac, HMAC_SHA512_SIZE))
printk(KERN_INFO "HMACs match");
else
printk(KERN_INFO "HMACs do not match");
vfree(stored_hmac);
vfree(data);
vfree(hmackey);
return 0;
readkeyerr:
{
printk(KERN_INFO "hmac key read error:%d", readkeystatus);
return readkeystatus;
}
readkoerr:
{
printk(KERN_INFO "ko read error:%d", readkostatus);
return readkostatus;
}
readhmacerr:
{
printk(KERN_INFO "hmac read error:%d", readhmacstatus);
return readhmacstatus;
}
Code for reading the files is given below:
int read_file(const char *filename, unsigned char **data)
{
struct file* filp = NULL;
long filesize;
int ret = 0;
mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs();
set_fs(get_ds());
filp = filp_open(filename, O_RDONLY, 0);
if(IS_ERR(filp)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(filp);
printk(KERN_INFO "kofile is not opened");
}
else
{
loff_t offset;
offset = 0;
filesize = filp->f_dentry->d_inode->i_size;
if (filesize <= 0 || filesize > 131072)
{
goto fileoperror;
}
*data = (unsigned char *)vmalloc(filesize);
if (*data == NULL)
goto datanull;
ret = vfs_read(filp, *data, filesize, &offset);
if(ret != filesize)
goto read_error;
filp_close(filp, NULL);
}
set_fs(old_fs);
return ret;
fileoperror:
{
filp_close(filp, NULL);
set_fs(old_fs);
printk(KERN_INFO "Invalid file operation '%s'\n", filename);
return (-EPERM);
}
datanull:
{
filp_close(filp, NULL);
set_fs(old_fs);
printk(KERN_INFO "Data Buffer is not allocated");
return (-EFAULT);
}
read_error:
{
filp_close(filp, NULL);
set_fs(old_fs);
printk(KERN_INFO "Failed to read '%s'.\n", filename);
return (-EFBIG);
}
}
int read_kofile(const char* filename, unsigned char **data)
{
return read_file(filename, data);
}
HMAC-SHA-512 is calculated on the file by calling Crypto APIs:
#define HMAC_SHA512_SIZE 64
struct hmac_sha512_result {
struct completion completion;
int err;
};
static void hmac_sha512_complete(struct crypto_async_request *req, int err) {
struct hmac_sha512_result *r=req->data;
if(err==-EINPROGRESS)
return;
r->err=err;
complete(&r->completion);
}
int hmac_sha512(const unsigned char *key, // key
const unsigned char *data_in, // data in
unsigned char *hash_out, size_t outlen) { // hash buffer and length
int rc=0;
struct crypto_ahash *tfm;
struct scatterlist sg;
struct ahash_request *req;
struct hmac_sha512_result tresult;
void *hash_buf;
size_t klen = strlen(key);
size_t dlen = strlen(data_in);
int len = HMAC_SHA512_SIZE;
char hash_tmp[HMAC_SHA512_SIZE];
char *hash_res = hash_tmp;
printk(KERN_INFO "hmac_sha512: HMAC key is %s ", key);
/* Set hash output to 0 initially */
memset(hash_out, 0, outlen);
init_completion(&tresult.completion);
tfm=crypto_alloc_ahash("hmac(sha512)",0,0);
if(IS_ERR(tfm)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: crypto_alloc_ahash failed.\n");
rc=PTR_ERR(tfm);
goto err_tfm;
}
if(!(req=ahash_request_alloc(tfm,GFP_KERNEL))) {
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: failed to allocate request for hmac(sha512)\n");
rc=-ENOMEM;
goto err_req;
}
if(crypto_ahash_digestsize(tfm)>len) {
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: tfm size > result buffer.\n");
rc=-EINVAL;
goto err_req;
}
ahash_request_set_callback(req,CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG,
hmac_sha512_complete,&tresult);
if(!(hash_buf=kzalloc(dlen,GFP_KERNEL))) {
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: failed to kzalloc hash_buf");
rc=-ENOMEM;
goto err_hash_buf;
}
memcpy(hash_buf,data_in,dlen);
sg_init_one(&sg,hash_buf,dlen);
crypto_ahash_clear_flags(tfm,-0);
if((rc=crypto_ahash_setkey(tfm,key,klen))){
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: crypto_ahash_setkey failed\n");
goto err_setkey;
}
ahash_request_set_crypt(req,&sg,hash_res,dlen);
rc=crypto_ahash_digest(req);
switch(rc) {
case 0:
while (len--) {
snprintf(hash_out, outlen, "%02x", (*hash_res++ & 0x0FF));
hash_out += 2;
}
break;
case -EINPROGRESS:
case -EBUSY:
rc=wait_for_completion_interruptible(&tresult.completion);
if(!rc && !(rc=tresult.err)) {
INIT_COMPLETION(tresult.completion);
break;
} else {
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha512: wait_for_completion_interruptible failed\n");
goto out;
}
default:
goto out;
}
out:
err_setkey:
kfree(hash_buf);
err_hash_buf:
ahash_request_free(req);
err_req:
crypto_free_ahash(tfm);
err_tfm:
return rc;
}
Please let me know, if something is missing.
crypto_req_done defined in hash.h
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/dmi.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/msi.h>
#include <scsi/scsi_host.h>
#include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
#include <linux/libata.h>
#include <linux/ahci-remap.h>
#include <linux/io-64-nonatomic-lo-hi.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <asm/segment.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/libata.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/traps.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/hashtable.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/signal_types.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/crypto.h>
#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
#define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
#define TESTMGR_POISON_BYTE 0xfe
static int do_ahash_op(int (*op)(struct ahash_request *req), struct ahash_request *req, struct crypto_wait *wait)
{
int err;
err = op(req);
return crypto_wait_req(err, wait);
}
static int check_nonfinal_ahash_op(const char *op, int err){
if(err < 0){
pr_err("alg: ahash: %s() failed with err %d on test vector %s\n", op, err, get_error(err));
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
now hmac_sha256:
int hmac_sha256(unsigned char *key, size_t key_size, unsigned char *ikm, size_t ikm_len, unsigned char *okm, size_t okm_len){
int rc, key_is_null;
struct crypto_ahash *tfm;
struct ahash_request *req;
struct scatterlist pending_sgl;
DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait);
if(key == NULL){
key = kzalloc(32, GFP_KERNEL);
key_size = 32;
key_is_null = 1;
}else{key_is_null = 0;}
tfm = crypto_alloc_ahash("hmac(sha256)", 0, 0);
if(IS_ERR(tfm)) {
rc=PTR_ERR(tfm);
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha256: crypto_alloc_ahash failed(%s).\n", get_error(rc));
goto err_tfm;
}
if(!(req = ahash_request_alloc(tfm, GFP_KERNEL))) {
rc =- ENOMEM;
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha256: failed to allocate request for hmac(sha512)(%s).\n", get_error(rc));
}
if(key_size){
if((rc = crypto_ahash_setkey(tfm, key, key_size))){
printk(KERN_ERR "hmac_sha256: crypto_ahash_setkey failed.(%s)\n", get_error(rc));
goto out;
}
}
sg_init_table(&pending_sgl, 1);
memset(req->__ctx, TESTMGR_POISON_BYTE, crypto_ahash_reqsize(tfm));
ahash_request_set_callback(req, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG, crypto_req_done, &wait);
ahash_request_set_crypt(req, NULL, okm, 0);
rc = do_ahash_op(crypto_ahash_init, req, &wait);
rc = check_nonfinal_ahash_op("crypto_ahash_init", rc);
if (rc)
goto out;
sg_set_buf(&pending_sgl, ikm, ikm_len);
ahash_request_set_callback(req, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG, crypto_req_done, &wait);
ahash_request_set_crypt(req, &pending_sgl, okm, okm_len);
rc = do_ahash_op(crypto_ahash_update, req, &wait);
rc = check_nonfinal_ahash_op("crypto_ahash_update", rc);
if(rc)
goto out;
rc = do_ahash_op(crypto_ahash_final, req, &wait);
rc = check_nonfinal_ahash_op("crypto_ahash_final", rc);
if (rc)
goto out;
dump_memory(okm, "hmac_sha256", okm_len);
out:
ahash_request_free(req);
crypto_free_ahash(tfm);
err_tfm:
if(key_is_null)
kfree(key);
return rc;
}
Break A leg!
int hkdf_extract(unsigned char *salt, size_t salt_len, unsigned char *ikm, size_t ikm_len, unsigned char *okm, size_t okm_len){
return hmac_sha256(salt, salt_len, ikm, ikm_len, okm, okm_len);
}

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