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A table name as a variable
(10 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I am trying to create tables dynamically using the information in another table.
For example there is a table (say table1) which has information about the list of tables to be created. I would like to use this table1 to dynamically create new tables using the schema St. and including _New def in the end of the name i.e. I would like to create a table 'St.TableA_New' instead of the table name 'TableA' in table1. Here is the code I used.
declare #table1 table(idx int identity(1,1), table_name varchar(50))
insert into #table1 (table_name)
select'TableA' union
select'TableB' union
select'TableC'
DECLARE #COUNT INT = 1;
WHILE #COUNT <= (select count(*) from #table1)
BEGIN
Declare #table_name varchar(200) = (select table_name from #table1 where idx=#COUNT);
Declare #new_table varchar(50) = 'St.+'#table_name+'_New';
IF OBJECT_ID(#new_table) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #new_table;
CREATE TABLE #new_table
WITH
(
DISTRIBUTION = ROUND_ROBIN,
HEAP
)
AS
SELECT *
FROM [Ext].[#table_name]
OPTION (LABEL = '');
SET #COUNT = #COUNT + 1
END;
The error says 'incorrect syntax near '#newtable.' Expecting '.',ID,IF,or QUOTED_ID' at the 'DROP TABLE #new_table;' line. What should I do to create all the tables dynamically using the names from 'table1' table?
You can use sp_executesql to do this. Just undo the comment below. You may also need to add code for the schema name.
declare #table1 table(idx int identity(1,1), table_name varchar(50))
insert into #table1 (table_name) values ('TableA'), ('TableB'), ('TableC');
Declare #table_name varchar(200)
, #new_table varchar(50)
, #sql nvarchar(1000);
DECLARE #COUNT INT = 1;
WHILE #COUNT <= (select count(*) from #table1)
BEGIN
select #table_name = table_name from #table1 where idx=#COUNT;
set #new_table = #table_name + '_New';
set #sql = concat('drop table if exists ', quotename(#new_table), ';');
set #sql = #sql + 'CREATE TABLE ' + quotename(#new_table) + ' WITH(DISTRIBUTION = ROUND_ROBIN, HEAP) AS SELECT * FROM ' + quotename(#table_name) + ' OPTION (LABEL = '''')';
print #sql;
--exec sys.sp_executesql #sql;
SET #COUNT = #COUNT + 1
END;
Related
I have tables in a database with three schemas (schema1, schema2, schema3). Each schema has 2 tables (schema1.table1, schema1.table2, schema2.table1, schema2.table2........) each table has ID column which has values like 17, 18, 19, 20, 50 etc. I want to delete record 19 from all tables in schema1,
something like > DELETE ID 19 from ALL tables in Schema1. Is there any way to do that?
Appreciate any help Thanks
Sure it could be done by Dynamic sql, you will get all your needed table into a temp table with an identity column [id].
CREATE TABLE #temp ---identity column will be used to iterate
(
id INT IDENTITY,
SchemaName VARCHAR(20),
TableName VARCHAR(20),
ColumnName VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT INTO #temp
SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
-- choose your own results with where conditions
DECLARE #SQL VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #Count INT = 1
DECLARE #Schema VARCHAR(20)
DECLARE #Table VARCHAR(20)
DECLARE #Column VARCHAR(20)
WHILE #COUNT <= (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #temp)
BEGIN
SELECT #Schema = SchemaName FROM #temp WHERE id = #Count
select #table = TABLENAME FROM #temp WHERE id = #Count
SELECT #Column = COLUMNNAME FROM #temp WHERE id = #Count
SELECT #sql = 'DELECT FROM '+#Schema+'.'+#Table+ 'WHERE ID = 19'
--PRINT #SQL
SET #Count = #Count + 1
END
change PRINT to Exec if your printed query looks good to you.
The question is quite extensive, please bear with me. I have a single mapping table with the following structure:
This particular table is used in the process of generating a hierarchy. The order and position of the columns in the table indicate the order of hierarchy (Organization, Category, Continent, Country.. etc.) Each entity in this hierarchy has a related table with associated Id and Name. For example, there is a Country table with CountryId and CountryName. Note that since the MappingTable's values are all nullable there are no foreign key constraints.
I want to generate a procedure that will do the following:
Based on conditions provided, retrieve values of the next entity in the hierarchy. For example, if the OrganizationId and CategoryId are given, the values of ContinentId that satisfy said condition need to be retrieved.
Also, if the value of ContinentId is NULL, then the values of CountryId need to be retrieved. Here, given the condition OrganizationId = 1 and CategoryId = 1 the procedure should return the list of RegionId.
In addition to retrieving the RegionId, the corresponding RegionName should be retrieved from the Region Table.
So far, the procedure looks something like this - just a few things to explain here.
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetHierarchy]
(
#MappingTableName VARCHAR(30),
#Position VARCHAR(5),
-- Given in the form of Key-value pairs 'OrganizationId:1,CategoryId:1'
#InputData VARCHAR(MAX),
#Separator CHAR(1),
#KeyValueSeperator CHAR(1)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Sql NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #Result NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #Sql1 NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE #TableName NVARCHAR(30)
DECLARE #Exists bit
SELECT #TableName = COLUMN_NAME from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = #MappingTableName AND ORDINAL_POSITION = #position
SET #TableName = SUBSTRING(#TableName,0,LEN(#TableName) - 1)
-- Returns a dynamic query like "SELECT ContinentId from Continent WHERE OrganizationId = 1 and CategoryId = 1".
SELECT #Sql = [dbo].[KeyValuePairs](#TableName, #InputData, #Separator, #KeyValueSeperator)
SET #Sql1 = N'SET #Exists = CASE WHEN EXISTS(' + #Sql + N' AND ' + #TableName + N'Id IS NOT NULL) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END'
PRINT #Sql
EXEC sp_executesql #Sql1,
N'#Exists bit OUTPUT',
#Exists = #Exists OUTPUT
IF(#Exists = 1)
BEGIN
SET #Sql1 = 'SELECT ' + #TableName + 'Id, ' + #TableName + 'Name FROM '+ #TableName+' WHERE ' + #TableName +'Id IN (' + #Sql + ')';
PRINT #Sql1
EXECUTE sp_executesql #SQL1
END
ELSE
BEGIN
--PRINT 'NOT EXISTS'
DECLARE #nextPosition INT
SELECT #nextPosition = CAST(#position AS INT)
SET #nextPosition = #nextPosition + 1
SET #Position = CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), CAST(#position AS INT))
EXEC [dbo].[GetHierarchy] #MappingTableName, #Position, #InputData, #Separator, #KeyValueSeperator
END
END
The logic of this procedure is such that, I get the name of the column at a particular position (based on the conditions here, it is Continent) and generate the dynamic query to retrieve the next column's values based on the condition of the input condition (I am using a separate function to do this for me).
Once retrieved, I run the query to check if it returns any rows. If the query returns rows, then I retrieve the corresponding ContinentName from the Continent table. If no rows are returns, I recursively call the procedure again with the next position as the input.
On the business side of things, it seems like a two step process. But, as a procedure it is quite complex, extensive and - not to mention, recursive. Is there an easier way to do this? I am not familiar with CTEs - can the same logic be implemented using CTEs?
This is quite similar to what is asked here: Working with a dynamic hierarchy SQL Server
Might be the little lengthy approach. Try this
DECLARE #T TABLE
(
SeqNo INT IDENTITY(1,1),
CatId INT,
Country INT,
StateId INT,
DistId INT
)
DECLARE #State TABLE
(
StateId INT,
StateNm VARCHAR(20)
)
DECLARE #Country TABLE
(
CountryId INT,
CountryNm VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT INTO #State
VALUES(3,'FL')
INSERT INTO #Country
VALUES(2,'USA')
INSERT INTO #T(CatId)
VALUES(1)
INSERT INTO #T(CatId,Country)
VALUES(1,2)
INSERT INTO #T(CatId,StateId)
VALUES(1,3)
;WITH CTE
AS
(
SELECT
*,
IdVal = COALESCE(Country,StateId,DistId),
IdCol = COALESCE('Country '+CAST(Country AS VARCHAR(50)),'StateId '+CAST(StateId AS VARCHAR(50)),'DistId '+CAST(DistId AS VARCHAR(50)))
FROM #T
WHERE CatId = 1
),C2
AS
(
SELECT
SeqNo,
CatId,
Country,
StateId,
DistId,
IdVal,
IdCol = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(IdCol,1,CHARINDEX(' ',IdCol))))
FROM CTE
)
SELECT
C2.SeqNo,
C2.CatId,
S.StateNm,
C.CountryNm
FROM C2
LEFT JOIN #State S
ON C2.IdCol ='StateId'
AND C2.IdVal = S.StateId
LEFT JOIN #Country C
ON C2.IdCol ='Country '
AND C2.IdVal = c.CountryId
I have a master table which contains the table names and columns corresponding to that table.
I want to write a procedure which iterates through all the records of tables and gets all the data and returns it as a single result set.
You need to use Dynamic Query
DECLARE #sql VARCHAR(max)=''
SET #sql = (SELECT #sql + 'select ' + column_name + ' from '
+ table_name + ' union all '
FROM master_table
FOR xml path(''))
SELECT #sql = LEFT(#sql, Len(#sql) - 9)
EXEC (#sql)
Note : The datatype of all the columns should be same. If it is not the case then you may have to do explicit conversion to varchar
SET #sql = (SELECT #sql + 'select cast(' + column_name + ' as varchar(4000)) from '
+ table_name
+ ' union all '
FROM Master_table
FOR xml path(''))
Assuming that all tables listed in your Master table is having same columns with same order and data types. Then it will be as follows:
create table ##a
(
Value int
)
create table ##b
(
Value int
)
create table ##c
(
Value int
)
declare #all table
(
Value int
)
declare #master table
(
TableName varchar(10)
)
declare #TableName varchar(10)
insert ##a values (1), (2), (3)
insert ##b values (4), (5), (6)
insert ##c values (7), (8), (9)
insert #master values ('##a'), ('##b'),('##c')
declare looper cursor local static forward_only read_only for
select TableName from #master
open looper
fetch next from looper into #TableName
while ##fetch_status = 0
begin
insert #all exec('select Value from ' + #TableName)
fetch next from looper into #TableName
end
close looper
deallocate looper
select * from #all
drop table ##a
drop table ##b
drop table ##c
If the tables are of different structures, please visit Stored procedures and multiple result sets in T-SQL. It will squeeze the content of each table into a single XML cell. The article also explains how to read them back.
I assume that you are using many tables with different columns in your master table. You should loop your master table. Try like this,
DECLARE #sql NVARCHAR(max) = ''
DECLARE #start INT = 1
,#end INT = 0
,#tablename VARCHAR(100) = ''
DECLARE #TableList TABLE (
id INT identity(1, 1)
,tablename VARCHAR(128)
)
INSERT INTO #TableList (tablename)
SELECT DISTINCT table_name
FROM YourMasterTableName
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'productss'
SET #end = ##ROWCOUNT
WHILE (#start <= #end)
BEGIN
SET #tablename = (
SELECT tablename
FROM #TableList
WHERE id = #start
)
SET #sql = (
SELECT ',[' + column_name + ']'
FROM YourMasterTableName M
WHERE TABLE_NAME = #tablename
FOR XML path('')
)
SET #sql = 'SELECT ' + stuff(#sql, 1, 1, '') + ' FROM ' + #tablename
EXEC sp_executesql #sql
SET #start = #start + 1
END
I am trying to write a windows service, which will send automatic emails. all the tables which require email sending have common columns 'templateid' and 'emailstatus'. I want to iterate through all the tables and get the tables which has column name 'templateid'.
Now that i have the list of tables with column name 'templateid' get the data from each table whose email status is 'false' and save it in a temporary table.
if 'table1' has 4 rows of data, the temporary table should have 4 rows. after iterating through the next table the row collection should be added to the same temporary table.
IF (SELECT object_id('TempDB..#TEMPTABLE')) IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE #TEMPTABLE
END
CREATE TABLE #TEMPTABLE(
[ID] INTEGER IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[TABLE_NAME] VARCHAR(1000)
)
INSERT INTO #TEMPTABLE(TABLE_NAME)
SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE COLUMN_NAME = 'TEMPLATEID'
SELECT * FROM #TEMPTABLE
DECLARE #ROWCOUNT INT
SET #ROWCOUNT = (SELECT COUNT(ID) FROM #TEMPTABLE)
DECLARE #I INT
SET #I=1
WHILE(#I<=#ROWCOUNT)
BEGIN
DECLARE #TABLENAME VARCHAR(500)
SELECT #TABLENAME=TABLE_NAME FROM #TEMPTABLE WHERE ID=#I
EXEC('SELECT * FROM '+#TABLENAME)
SET #I=#I+1
END
i found the above query which is giving me all the tables. after that i am clueless how to proceed further as i am not good with sql server.
Not sure you are still looking for an answer but the following code will give you a temporary table with just the tables that have a column named 'templateid'. From here you would need a cursor as Tanner suggested to loop through each table and then insert records from each table (into your final target table) where email status = 'false'.
Here is the code that gets you the temp tables with columns named 'templateid' along with a sample for your cursor:
declare #max_tables int
declare #max_columns int
declare #sql nvarchar(400)
declare #x int
declare #y int
declare #table varchar(50)
declare #columns varchar(800)
declare #tablename varchar(100)
create table #c ([Table] varchar(50),[Columns] varchar(800))
select ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY name) AS Row, name
into #table_list
from sys.objects
where type_desc = 'USER_TABLE'
order by name
set #max_tables = (select count(*) from sys.objects where type_desc = 'USER_TABLE')
set #y = 0
while #y < #max_tables
begin
set #y = #y + 1
set #table = (select name from #table_list where row = #y)
create table #t (c int)
set #sql = 'select count(*) as c from Information_schema.Columns where table_name = ''' + #table + ''''
insert into #t exec sp_executesql #sql
set #max_columns = (select top 1 c from #t)
DROP TABLE #t
set #x = 0
set #columns = ''
while #x < #max_columns
begin
set #x = #x + 1
set #columns = #columns + (select column_name from Information_schema.Columns where table_name = #table and ordinal_position = #x)
if #x < #max_columns set #columns = #columns + ', '
end
insert into #c select #table,#columns
end
select * into #tables from #c c
where c.Columns like '%templateid%'
declare my_cursor cursor for
select table from #t
open my_cursor
fetch next from my_cursor into #tablename
while ##fetch_status = 0
begin
--do something here to retrieve your data from each table and
--insert into target table
end
close my_cursor
deallocate my_cursor
DROP TABLE #c,#tables,#table_List
My code:
SELECT * INTO #t FROM CTABLE WHERE CID = #cid --get data, put into a temp table
ALTER TABLE #t
DROP COLUMN CID -- remove primary key column CID
INSERT INTO CTABLE SELECT * FROM #t -- insert record to table
DROP TABLE #t -- drop temp table
The error is:
Msg 8101,
An explicit value for the identity column in table 'CTABLE' can only
be specified when a column list is used and IDENTITY_INSERT is ON.
And I did set
SET IDENTITY_INSERT CTABLE OFF
GO
DECLARE
#cid INT,
#o INT,
#t NVARCHAR(255),
#c NVARCHAR(MAX),
#sql NVARCHAR(MAX);
SELECT
#cid = 10,
#t = N'dbo.CTABLE',
#o = OBJECT_ID(#t);
SELECT #c = STRING_AGG(QUOTENAME(name), ',')
FROM sys.columns
WHERE [object_id] = #o
AND is_identity = 0;
SET #sql = 'SELECT ' + #c + ' INTO #t
FROM ' + #t + ' WHERE CID = #cid;
INSERT ' + #t + '('+ #c + ')
SELECT ' + #c + ' FROM #t;'
PRINT #sql;
-- exec sp_executeSQL #sql,
-- N'#cid int',
-- #cid = #cid;
However it seems much easier to just build the following SQL and avoid the #temp table altogether:
SET #sql = 'INSERT ' + #t + '(' + #c + ')
SELECT ' + #c + ' FROM ' + #t + '
WHERE CID = #cid;';
PRINT #sql;
-- exec sp_executeSQL #sql,
-- N'#cid int',
-- #cid = #cid;
Try this:
SELECT * INTO #t FROM CTABLE WHERE CID = #cid
ALTER TABLE #t
DROP COLUMN CID
INSERT CTABLE --Notice that INTO is removed here.
SELECT top(1) * FROM #t
DROP TABLE #t
Test Script(Tested in SQL 2005):
CREATE TABLE #TestIDNT
(
ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY,
TITLE VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT #TestIDNT
SELECT 'Cybenate'
Try specifying the columns:
INSERT INTO CTABLE
(col2, col3, col4)
SELECT col2, col3, col4
FROM #t
Seems like it might be thinking you are trying to insert into the PK field since you are not explicitly defining the columns to insert into. If Identity insert is off and you specify the non-pk columns then you shouldn't get that error.
Here's an example to dynamically build a list of columns - excluding the primary key columns - and execute the INSERT
declare #tablename nvarchar(100), #column nvarchar(100), #cid int, #sql nvarchar(max)
set #tablename = N'ctable'
set #cid = 1
set #sql = N''
declare example cursor for
select column_name
from information_schema.columns
where table_name = #tablename
and column_name not in (
select column_name
from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_name in (select constraint_name from information_schema.table_constraints)
and table_name = #tablename
)
open example
fetch next from example into #column
while ##fetch_status = 0
begin
set #sql = #sql + N'[' + #column + N'],'
fetch next from example into #column
end
set #sql = substring(#sql, 1, len(#sql)-1)
close example
deallocate example
set #sql = N'insert into ' + #tablename + '(' + #sql + N') select top(1) ' + #sql + ' from #t'
--select #sql
exec sp_executesql #sql
If using SQL Server Management Studio and your problems you have too many fields to type them all out except the identity column, then right click on the table and click "Script table as" / "Select To" / "New Query Window".
This will provide a list of fields that you can copy & paste into your own query and then just remove the identity column.
Try invoking the INSERT statement with EXEC:
SELECT * INTO #t FROM CTABLE WHERE CID = #cid
ALTER TABLE #t
DROP COLUMN CID
EXEC('INSERT INTO CTABLE SELECT top(1) * FROM #t')
DROP TABLE #t
You can't do this:
INSERT INTO CTABLE SELECT top(1) * FROM #t
Because the column listings aren't the same. You've dropped the PK column from #t, so you have 1 less column in #t than in CTABLE. This is the equivalent of the following:
INSERT INTO CTABLE(pk, col1, col2, col3, ...)
select top(1) col1, col2, col3, ...
from #t
This wouldn't work for obvious reasons. Similarly, you aren't going to be able to specify the * wildcard to do the insert if you're not inserting all of the columns. The only way to do the insert without including the PK is to specify every column. You can generate a list of columns through dynamic sql, but you'll have to specify them one way or another.