MS SQL: checking if a timestamp is after expire month(int value) - sql-server

I need to find expired credit cards in a table. The fields expire_year and expire_month are integer values.
I was thinking something like this could work:
select *
from CREDITCARD
where CURRENT_TIMESTAMP > DATEFROMPARTS(EXPIRE_YEAR, EXPIRE_MONTH, 1);
The problem with this is that the definition of expired would be the first day of the next month. Therefore I need to find a way to write EXPIRE_MONTH + 1. But this is also no good, as the month might be December, in which case I'd be looking for month number 13. In such cases, I'd need to bump the EXPIRE_YEAR instead, and set EXPIRE_MONTH to 1.
I´ve tried to google to the solution, but my issue seems a bit too specific. In Java this would be easy enough to solve, but my SQL knowledge is limited to fairly simple queries.

Something like that :
SELECT DATEADD(month, 1, DATEFROMPARTS(EXPIRE_YEAR, EXPIRE_MONTH, 1))FROM MY_TABLE

Related

adding conditions makes query slow-oracle

Dear Stackoverflow Nation,
this post is related to the performance of the query.
I execute a simple query as below
select wonum, siteid from workorder where workorder.siteid= 'MCT' and istask=0
and decode(workorder.pmnum,null,workorder.reportdate,workorder.targstartdate) >= '12-MAR-18' and
decode(workorder.pmnum,null,workorder.reportdate,workorder.targstartdate) <= '14-MAR-18';
It executed perfectly , took 6 sec
as i added one more condition type ='MAINTENANCE' ,query took 28 sec
select wonum, siteid from workorder where workorder.siteid= 'MCT' and istask=0 and type ='MAINTENANCE'
and decode(workorder.pmnum,null,workorder.reportdate,workorder.targstartdate) >= '12-MAR-18' and
decode(workorder.pmnum,null,workorder.reportdate,workorder.targstartdate) <= '14-MAR-18'; --28.73
As I know ,I need to create an index on workorder table ,
but I am unable to figure out on which field ,I need to create an index and how it helps to run query fast.
(Note:there is an index (ind_1 - with attributes wonum,siteid ) already in system
kindly help.Apologize if its a basic question for PRos
Generally speaking create indexes on columns involved in where clause. As you described it, indexing the type column might help.
Will it really help? Who knows ... check explain plan. Collect statistics for the table so that Optimizer knows what to do (i.e. chooses the best execution plan). Then you might be able to figure out what to do.
Moreover, it seems that you're forcing Oracle to perform implicit conversions. Saying that
some_date >= '12-mar-18'
means that - if some_date column's datatype is date (looks like it is; otherwise you'd get wrong result) - Oracle has to convert a string '12-mar-18' into a valid date by applying correct format mask (such as dd-mon-yy). Why would you want to do that? Provide date value yourself!
some_date >= date '2018-03-12'
or
some_date >= to_date('12-mar-18', 'dd-mon-yy')
But beware; mar means "March". This query would certainly fail in my database which speaks Croatian, and we don't have any mar months here (it is ožu). Perhaps you'd rather stick to numerics here, i.e. 12-03-18. One more note: this value is difficult to understand; what is 12? Is it 12th day in the month, or is it December? The same goes for 03. Therefore, always use values that cause no confusion, either by providing date literals (which are always in yyyy-mm-dd format - the one I suggested first), or use to_date function with appropriate format mask.

How to use wildcard for datetime filed

How do I use wildcards for datetme? SubmitDate field is a datetime but the query that I tried returns something totally different. I want records where submitDate begins with 2019-08
This is the code I've tried:
select *
from INVPol
where SubmitDate like '[2019-08]%'
"How do I use wildcards for datetme" Quite simply, you don't. Use proper date logic. For what you have the best way would be the below
SELECT *
FROM dbo.INCPol
WHERE SubmitDate >= '20190801'
AND SubmitDate < '20190901';
Using a lower boundary with a greater or equal to, and an upper boundary with a less than will mean that every row with a date in August 2019 will be returned. This is generally seen as a the "best" way as it's the most encompassing. Logic using BETWEEN can give incorrect results when using values with a time portion. That's because 2019-08-31T00:00:00.0000001 is not BETWEEN '20190801' and '20190831' (it's 1/1000000 of a second after the end threshold); this would mean you would effective lose a days worth of values. Also the date '2019-09-01T00:00:00.0000000' is BETWEEN '20190801' AND '20190901', so you could get (some) unwanted rows.
Trying to use a wildcard on a date would mean you would have to convert the value of the column to a varchar, which will cause performance issues. Leave the date as a date and time datatype and query it as one.

SQL MAX Aggregate VS. Manual Calculation

I noticed something in our production code and it really threw me off. We have a data table that has the year that someone was in contact with us. Lets say it goes back to the late 90s.
We have a query that calculates the previous year to use in other future calculations within the same query. It looks like this:
#CurrYear = 2016
select #PrevYear = max(Year)
from x
where x.Year < #CurrYear
This seems like a very convoluted way...not sure why this person didnt do:
#PrevYear = #CurrYear - 1
I'm asking this more in a query performance standpoint. Which is faster? Why so much code to calculate previous year?
I believe he either didn't think of another way to do it, or he wanted #PrevYear to represent the last year that you'd been contacted (Lets say there is no data from 2015, then #PrevYear should be 2014 .
In terms of performance, your suggestion should be faster as it is a calculation on parameters. It's hard to say if there will be any difference between them, depends on the size of the table, indexes and etc.

Are these two pieces of SQL code the same?

I'm working with a bit of an older code base where conciseness is not found in many places.
One piece of code we are constantly using in the database is to determine if two dates are within the same program year. For instance, Program Year 2011 begins on July 1st, 2011 and ends on July 1st, 2012(or technically the day before)
The usual way I see that this problem is solved is by using this kind of code:
if Month(#EnrollmentDate)>=7 begin
set #StartDate='07/01/'+LTRIM(RTRIM(Year(#EnrollmentDate)))
set #EndDate='07/01/'+LTRIM(RTRIM(Year(#EnrollmentDate)+1))
end else begin
set #StartDate='07/01/'+LTRIM(RTRIM(Year(#EnrollmentDate)-1))
set #EndDate='07/01/'+LTRIM(RTRIM(Year(#EnrollmentDate)))
end
...
where (ENROLLMENTDATE >= #StartDate and ENROLLMENTDATE < #EndDate)
I recently happened to have to solve this problem and the instant thing that popped in my head was something much more concise:
where year(dateadd(mm,-6,ENROLLMENTDATE)) = year(dateadd(mm,-6,#EnrollmentDate))'
Before I go introducing new bugs into a system that "just works", I'd like to ask SO about this. Are these two pieces of code exactly the same? Will they always give the same output(assuming valid dates)?
the problem I see is that, depending on the optimizer, your solution (that looks better) may not use an index defined on ENROLLMENTDATE since you're doing operations on it, while the original solution would. If there are no indexes on that field, then I don't see an issue
An even easier way to handle this situation is to create a calendar table with a column for the program year. Then there is no logic at all, you just query the values and compare them:
if
(select ProgramYear from dbo.Calendar where BaseDate = #StartDate) =
(select ProgramYear from dbo.Calendar where BaseDate = #EndDate)
begin
-- do something
end
There are many posts on this site about creating calendar tables and using them for many different purposes. In my experience, using a table in this way is always clearer and more maintainable than creating formulas in code.
As it happens, December has 31 days, so no matter how many months you need to subtract, you will always be able to align the resulting date range with a whole year, and therefore your expression will always be true whenever the original one was, even in the general case for an enrolment year starting on other dates.
I once used a dialect of SQL with a range of date manipulation functions that made this slightly easier than string twiddling, something like this:
WHERE enrolmentdate >= #YearBeg(:enrolmentdate + 6 MONTHS) - 6 MONTHS
AND enrolmentdate < #YearBeg(:enrolmentdate + 6 MONTHS) + 6 MONTHS

SQL Server DateTime conversion failure

I have a large table with 1 million+ records. Unfortunately, the person who created the table decided to put dates in a varchar(50) field.
I need to do a simple date comparison -
datediff(dd, convert(datetime, lastUpdate, 100), getDate()) < 31
But it fails on the convert():
Conversion failed when converting datetime from character string.
Apparently there is something in that field it doesn't like, and since there are so many records, I can't tell just by looking at it. How can I properly sanitize the entire date field so it does not fail on the convert()? Here is what I have now:
select count(*)
from MyTable
where
isdate(lastUpdate) > 0
and datediff(dd, convert(datetime, lastUpdate, 100), getDate()) < 31
#SQLMenace
I'm not concerned about performance in this case. This is going to be a one time query. Changing the table to a datetime field is not an option.
#Jon Limjap
I've tried adding the third argument, and it makes no difference.
#SQLMenace
The problem is most likely how the data is stored, there are only two safe formats; ISO YYYYMMDD; ISO 8601 yyyy-mm-dd Thh:mm:ss:mmm (no spaces)
Wouldn't the isdate() check take care of this?
I don't have a need for 100% accuracy. I just want to get most of the records that are from the last 30 days.
#SQLMenace
select isdate('20080131') -- returns 1
select isdate('01312008') -- returns 0
#Brian Schkerke
Place the CASE and ISDATE inside the CONVERT() function.
Thanks! That did it.
Place the CASE and ISDATE inside the CONVERT() function.
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MyTable
WHERE
DATEDIFF(dd, CONVERT(DATETIME, CASE IsDate(lastUpdate)
WHEN 1 THEN lastUpdate
ELSE '12-30-1899'
END), GetDate()) < 31
Replace '12-30-1899' with the default date of your choice.
How about writing a cursor to loop through the contents, attempting the cast for each entry?When an error occurs, output the primary key or other identifying details for the problem record.
I can't think of a set-based way to do this.
Not totally setbased but if only 3 rows out of 1 million are bad it will save you a lot of time
select * into BadDates
from Yourtable
where isdate(lastUpdate) = 0
select * into GoodDates
from Yourtable
where isdate(lastUpdate) = 1
then just look at the BadDates table and fix that
The ISDATE() would take care of the rows which were not formatted properly if it were indeed being executed first. However, if you look at the execution plan you'll probably find that the DATEDIFF predicate is being applied first - thus the cause of your pain.
If you're using SQL Server Management Studio hit CTRL+L to view the estimated execution plan for a particular query.
Remember, SQL isn't a procedural language and short circuiting logic may work, but only if you're careful in how you apply it.
How about writing a cursor to loop through the contents, attempting the cast for each entry?
When an error occurs, output the primary key or other identifying details for the problem record.
I can't think of a set-based way to do this.
Edit - ah yes, I forgot about ISDATE(). Definitely a better approach than using a cursor. +1 to SQLMenace.
In your convert call, you need to specify a third style parameter, e.g., the format of the datetimes that are stored as varchar, as specified in this document: CAST and CONVERT (T-SQL)
Print out the records. Give the hardcopy to the idiot who decided to use a varchar(50) and ask them to find the problem record.
Next time they might just see the point of choosing an appropriate data type.
The problem is most likely how the data is stored, there are only two safe formats
ISO YYYYMMDD
ISO 8601 yyyy-mm-dd Thh:mm:ss:mmm(no spaces)
these will work no matter what your language is.
You might need to do a SET DATEFORMAT YMD (or whatever the data is stored as) to make it work
Wouldn't the isdate() check take care of this?
Run this to see what happens
select isdate('20080131')
select isdate('01312008')
I am sure that changing the table/column might not be an option due to any legacy system requirements, but have you thought about creating a view which has the date conversion logic built in, if you are using a more recent version of sql, then you can possibly even use an indexed view?
I would suggest cleaning up the mess and changing the column to a datetime because doing stuff like this
WHERE datediff(dd, convert(datetime, lastUpdate), getDate()) < 31
cannot use an index and it will be many times slower than if you had a datetime colum,n and did
where lastUpdate > getDate() -31
You also need to take into account hours and seconds of course

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