If I happened to have a string such as hello, how would I remove the nth character from the string?I tried this, but it didn't seem to work (3 is the position):
#ECHO ON
SET "input=%~1"
CALL :a input
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
:a
SET "input=!%1!"
SET /A "position=3"
FOR /L %%a IN (!position!,1,!position!) DO (
SET /A "position2=%%a+1"
FOR /L %%b IN (!position2!,1,!position2!) DO (
ECHO "!input:~0,%%a!!input:~%%b!"
)
)
ENDLOCAL
#ECHO off
SET "input=%~1"
CALL :a input
goto :EOF
:a
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
SET "input=!%1!"
set /A "position=3, position2=position+1"
echo "!input:~0,%position%!!input:~%position2%!"
Output example:
C:\Users\Antonio\Documents\Tests> test.bat hello
"helo"
In your original code the string is passed in the first parameter...
Related
I would like write a batch file to count the number of occurrences of a specific character in each line of a text file.
For example, the count of \ in the string "aa\bb\cc\dd\" would be 4.
The find and the findstr show only the number of lines which is contains the exact character.
You might try the following script, providing the input string as (quoted) command line argument:
set "STRING=%~1$"
set STRING="%STRING:\=" "%"
set /A "COUNT=-1"
for %%E in (%STRING%) do set /A "COUNT+=1"
echo Count of `\`: %COUNT%
This replaces every character to be counted by " + SPACE + " and encloses the entire string in between "", so the input string aa\bb\cc\dd\ becomes "aa" "bb" "cc" "dd" "". The resulting string is fed into a for loop that recognises individual items to iterate through -- five in this case. The counter variable COUNT is initialised with a value of -1, so the result is not the number of iterated items but the separators, namely the \ characters present in the original string.
This approach fails if the string contains ? or * characters. It would also fail in case the character to count is one of the following: ", %, =, *, ~.
#echo off
setlocal
set "string=aa\bb\cc\dd\"
set "count=-1"
for %%a in ("%string:\=" "%") do set /A count+=1
echo %count%
This method works correctly as long as the string don't include wild-card characters: *?; if this is required, I would use the same npocmaka's method, but written in a simpler way:
#echo off
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set "string=aa\bb\cc\dd\"
set "str=A%string%Z"
set "count=-1"
for /F "delims=" %%a in (^"!str:\^=^"^
% Do NOT remove this line %
^"!^") do (
set /A count+=1
)
echo %count%
While slow, you can try with this
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions disabledelayedexpansion
set "inputFile=input.txt"
set "searchChar=\"
for /f "delims=" %%a in ('
findstr /n "^" "%inputFile%"
') do for /f "delims=:" %%b in ("%%~a") do (
set "line=%%a"
for /f %%c in ('
cmd /u /v /e /q /c"(echo(!line:*:=!)"^|find /c "%searchChar%"
') do echo Line %%b has %%c characters
)
The input file is readed using findstr /n to get all the lines in the file with a number prefix (both for output "decoration" and to ensure all the lines in the file are processed). Each line is processed inside a pipe, from cmd to find. The cmd instance is started with unicode output (/u) so when the readed line is echoed, the output will be a two bytes sequence for each input character, one of them a 0x0 ASCII character. The find command sees the 0 as a line terminator, so we get each character in the input line as one separated line. Now, the find command counts in how many lines the searched character happens.
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL
SET "String=a\b\c\\\\d"
CALL :count "%string%" \
ECHO %tally%
GOTO :EOF
:count
SETLOCAL enabledelayedexpansion
SET /a tally=0
SET "$2=%~1"
:cloop
SET "$1=%$2%"
SET "$2=!$1:*%2=!"
IF "%$1%" neq "%$2%" SET /a tally+=1&GOTO cloop
endlocal&SET tally=%tally%
GOTO :eof
Here's a way to count particular characters in a string. It won't work for the usual suspects.
here's one way:
#echo off
:checkCountOf string countOf [rtnrVar]
:: checks count of a substring in a string
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set "string=aa"
set "string=%~1"
set "checkCountOf=%~2"
if "%~1" equ "" (
if "%~3" neq "" (
endlocal & (
echo 0
set "%~3=0"
exit /b 0
)
) else (
endlocal & (
echo 0
exit /b 0
)
)
)
if "!checkCountOf!" equ "$" (
set "string=#%string%#"
set "string=!string:%checkCountOf%%checkCountOf%=#%checkCountOf%#%checkCountOf%#!"
) else (
set "string=$%string%$"
set "string=!string:%checkCountOf%%checkCountOf%=$%checkCountOf%$%checkCountOf%$!"
)
set LF=^
rem ** Two empty lines are required
set /a counter=0
for %%L in ("!LF!") DO (
for /f "delims=" %%R in ("!checkCountOf!") do (
set "var=!string:%%~R%%~R=%%~L!"
set "var=!var:%%~R=%%~L!"
for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%# in ("!var!") do (
set /a counter=counter+1
)
)
)
if !counter! gtr 0 (
set /a counter=counter-1
)
if "%~3" neq "" (
endlocal & (
echo %counter%
set "%~3=%counter%"
)
) else (
endlocal & (
echo %counter%
)
)
you can call it like:
call ::checkCountOf "/aa/b/c/" "/" slashes
echo %slashes%
exit /b %errorlevel%
wont work with some special characters (",~ and !)
You can also use replacement and the :strlen function
Not tested extensively but works with your example.
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL disabledelayedexpansion
SET "String=\a\b\c\\\\d\\"
set "previous=%string%"
set /a count=0
:loop
set "newstg=%previous:*\=%"
IF NOT "%previous%"=="%newstg%" (
set /a count+=1
set "previous=%newstg%"
IF DEFINED previous goto loop
)
echo %count%
pause
GOTO :eof
Here is one more option. I don't think this is bullet proof with poison characters.
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL disabledelayedexpansion
SET "String=\\a\b\c\\\\d\\"
set i=0
set "x=%string%"
set "x=%x:\=" & set /A i+=1 & set "x=%"
echo %i%
pause
I'm using this code to set some data into array but, i'm stuck on echoing the last one who has this character "?"
So; my question is how can i escape this kind of character "?" to echo the last item like "Hackoo?"
#echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
set i=0
for %%a in ("1" "2" "223231" "AAA" "Hello^ | World" "(Hello^)(World^)" "Hackoo^?") do (
set /a i+=1
set Line[!i!]="%%~a"
)
set Line
pause
Using FOR without any switch the CMD will try to get a path if your using the special char ?.
A solution is the substitution if you can't use any other switch (like : /F) :
#echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
set $List="1" "2" "223231" "AAA" "Hello | World" "(Hello)(World)" "Hackoo ?"
set $List=%$List:?=#%
set i=0
for %%a in (%$List%) do (
set /a i+=1
set "$Tmp=%%a"
set "Line[!i!]=!$Tmp:#=?!"
)
set Line
pause
#echo off
for /f "tokens=1-4" %%a in ("? * ; %%") do (
echo %%a
echo %%b
echo %%c
echo %%d
)
pause
My string is "&&";"XMLWrirter";"class";"&&"
I want to spilt this string based on ; delimiter.
And when I do like below , I am getting first word only printed and count as 1.
setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
set argC=0
for /f "delims=;" %%x in (""&&";"XMLWrirter";"class";"&&"") do (Set /A argC+=1
echo tokenitem %%x)
echo tokencount !argC!
Thanks in advance!!!
Why so complicated? This works just fine:
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
SET argC=0
FOR %%x IN ("&&";"XMLWrirter";"class";"&&") DO (
SET /A argC+=1
ECHO tokenitem %%x
)
ECHO tokencount !argC!
I have an input let's say:
DummyString-v1.0.0
and I would like to extract everything after v to get: 1.0.0
How can I achieve this in CMD?
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL
SET "string=DummyString-v1.0.0"
SET "string=%string:*v=%"
ECHO %string%
GOTO :EOF
where the :*substring=replacementstring syntax is applied meaning "every character form the start of the variable (string) up to the substring (v) is replaced by the replacement string (nothing).
#echo off
call :split "DummyString-v1.0.0" "v"
echo %last_part%
exit /b 0
:split
set "string=%~1"
set "splitter=%~2"
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set LF=^
rem ** Two empty lines are required
echo off
for %%L in ("!LF!") DO (
for /f "delims=" %%R in ("!splitter!") do (
set "var=!string:%%R=%%L!"
)
)
for /f "delims=" %%P in (""!var!"") DO set "last_part=%%~P"
endlocal &(
set last_part=%last_part%
exit /b 0
)
In batch, how would I remove all non alphanumeric (a-z,A-Z,0-9,_) characters from a variable?
I'm pretty sure I need to use findstr and a regex.
The solutionof MC ND works, but it's really slow (Needs ~1second for the small test sample).
This is caused by the echo "!_buf!"|findstr ... construct, as for each character the pipe creates two instances of cmd.exe and starts findstr.
But this can be solved also with pure batch.
Each character is tested if it is in the map variable
:test
set "_input=Th""i\s&& is not good _maybe_???"
set "_output="
set "map=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 1234567890"
:loop
if not defined _input goto endLoop
for /F "delims=*~ eol=*" %%C in ("!_input:~0,1!") do (
if "!map:%%C=!" NEQ "!map!" set "_output=!_output!%%C"
)
set "_input=!_input:~1!"
goto loop
:endLoop
echo(!_output!
And it could be speed up when the goto loop is removed.
Then you need to calculate the stringLength first and iterate then with a FOR/L loop over each character.
This solution is ~6 times faster than the above method and ~40 times faster than the solution of MC ND
set "_input=Th""i\s&& is not good _maybe_!~*???"
set "_output="
set "map=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890"
%$strLen% len _input
for /L %%n in (0 1 %len%) DO (
for /F "delims=*~ eol=*" %%C in ("!_input:~%%n,1!") do (
if "!map:%%C=!" NEQ "!map!" set "_output=!_output!%%C"
)
)
exit /b
The macro $strlen can be defined with
set LF=^
::Above 2 blank lines are required - do not remove
#set ^"\n=^^^%LF%%LF%^%LF%%LF%^^":::: StrLen pResult pString
set $strLen=for /L %%n in (1 1 2) do if %%n==2 (%\n%
for /F "tokens=1,2 delims=, " %%1 in ("!argv!") do (%\n%
set "str=A!%%~2!"%\n%
set "len=0"%\n%
for /l %%A in (12,-1,0) do (%\n%
set /a "len|=1<<%%A"%\n%
for %%B in (!len!) do if "!str:~%%B,1!"=="" set /a "len&=~1<<%%A"%\n%
)%\n%
for %%v in (!len!) do endlocal^&if "%%~b" neq "" (set "%%~1=%%v") else echo %%v%\n%
) %\n%
) ELSE setlocal enableDelayedExpansion ^& set argv=,
EDITED - #jeb is right. This works but is really, really slow.
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
set "_input=Th""i\s&& is not good _maybe_???"
set "_output="
:loop
if not defined _input goto endLoop
set "_buf=!_input:~0,1!"
set "_input=!_input:~1!"
echo "!_buf!"|findstr /i /r /c:"[a-z 0-9_]" > nul && set "_output=!_output!!_buf!"
goto loop
:endLoop
echo !_output!
endlocal
So, back to the drawing board. How to make it faster? lets try to do as less operations as we can and use as much long substring as we can. So, do it in two steps
1.- Remove all bad characters that can generate problems. To do it we will use the hability of for command to identify these chars as delimiters , and then join the rest of the sections of god characters of string
2.- Remove the rest of the bad characters, locating them in string using the valids charactes as delimiters to find substrings of bad characters, replacing then in string
So, we end with (sintax adapted to what has been answered here)
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
rem Test empty string
call :doClean "" output
echo "%output%"
rem Test mixed strings
call :doClean "~~asd123#()%%%^"^!^"~~~^"""":^!!!!=asd^>^<bm_1" output
echo %output%
call :doClean "Thi\s&& is ;;;;not ^^good _maybe_!~*???" output
echo %output%
rem Test clean string
call :doClean "This is already clean" output
echo %output%
rem Test all bad string
call :doClean "*******//////\\\\\\\()()()()" output
echo "%output%"
rem Test long string
set "zz=Thi\s&& is not ^^good _maybe_!~*??? "
set "zz=TEST: %zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%%zz%"
call :doClean "%zz% TEST" output
echo %output%
rem Time long string
echo %time%
for /l %%# in (1 1 100) do call :doClean "%zz%" output
echo %time%
exit /b
rem ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
:doClean input output
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
set "map=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890 "
set "input=%~1"
set "output="
rem Step 1 - Remove critical delimiters
(
:purgeCritical
for /L %%z in (1 1 10) do (
for /f tokens^=1^-9^,^*^ delims^=^=^"^"^~^;^,^&^*^%%^:^!^(^)^<^>^^ %%a in ("!input!") do (
set "output=!output!%%a%%b%%c%%d%%e%%f%%g%%h%%i"
set "input=%%j"
)
if not defined input goto outPurgeCritical
)
goto purgeCritical
)
:outPurgeCritical
rem Step 2 - remove any remaining special character
(
:purgeNormal
for /L %%z in (1 1 10) do (
set "pending="
for /f "tokens=1,* delims=%map%" %%a in ("!output!") do (
set "output=!output:%%a=!"
set "pending=%%b"
)
if not defined pending goto outPurgeNormal
)
goto purgeNormal
)
:outPurgeNormal
endlocal & set "%~2=%output%"
goto :EOF
Maybe not the fastest, but at least a "decent" solution
#echo eof
call :purge "~~asd123#()%%%^"^!^"~~~^:^=asd^>^<bm_1" var
echo (%var%)
goto :eof
:purge StrVar [RtnVar]
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
set "str1=%~1"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for %%a in ( - ! # # $ % ^^ ^& + \ / ^< ^> . ' [ ] { } ` ^| ^" ) do (
set "str1=!str1:%%a=!"
)
rem dealing with some delimiters
set "str1=!str1:(=!"
set "str1=!str1:)=!"
set "str1=!str1:;=!"
set "str1=!str1:,=!"
set "str1=!str1:^^=!"
set "str1=!str1:^~=!"
set "temp_str="
for %%e in (%str1%) do (
set "temp_str=!temp_str!%%e"
)
endlocal & set "str1=%temp_str%"
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
set "str1=%str1:!=%"
set "str1=%str1::=%"
set "str1=%str1:^^~=%"
for /f "tokens=* delims=~" %%w in ("%str1%") do set "str1=%%w"
endlocal & set "str1=%str1%"
endlocal & if "%~2" neq "" (set %~2=%str1%) else echo %str1%
goto :eof
Still cannot deal with ~ and = but working on it
EDIT: = now will be cleared
EDIT: ~ now will be cleared