Need help solving a problem with an array - c

Task: Calculate the 25 values of the function y = ax'2 + bx + c on the interval [e, f], save them in the array Y and find the minimum and maximum values in this array.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
float Y[25];
int i;
int x=3,a,b,c;
double y = a*pow(x,2)+b*x+c;
printf("a = ", b);
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("b = ", a);
scanf("%d", &b);
printf("c = ", c);
scanf("%d", &c);
for(i=0;i<25;i++)
{
printf("%f",y); //output results, not needed
x++;
}
system("pause");
}
Problems:
Cant understand how can I use "interval [e,f]" here
Cant understand how to save values to array using C libraries
Cant understand how to write/make a cycle, which will find the
minimum and maximum values
Finally, dont know what exactly i need to do to solve task

You must first ask the user for the values of a, b, c or initialize those variables, and ask for the interval values of e, f, or initialize those variables.
Now you must calculate double interval= (f - e)/25.0 so you have the interval.
Then you must have a loop for (int i=0, double x=e; i<25; i++, x += interval) and calculate each value of the function. You can choose to store the result in an array (declare one at the top) or print them directly.

Problems:
Cant understand how can I use "interval [e,f]" here
(f-e) / 25(interval steps)
Cant understand how to save values to array using C libraries
You need to use some form of loop to traverse the array and save the result of your calculation at every interval step. Something like this:
for(int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
// SIZE in this case 25, so you traverse from 0-24 since arrays start 0
Cant understand how to write/make a cycle, which will find the minimum and maximum values
For both cases:
traverse the array with some form of loop and check every item e.g. (again) something like this: for(int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
For min:
Initialize a double value(key) with the first element of your array
Loop through your array searching for elements smaller than your initial key value.
if your array at position i is smaller than key, save key = array[i];
For max:
Initialize a double value(key) with 0;
Loop through your array searching for elements bigger than your initial key value.
if your array at position i is bigger than key, save key = array[i];
Finally, dont know what exactly i need to do to solve task
Initialize your variables(yourself or through user input)
Create a function that calculates a*x^2 + b*x + c n times for every step of your interval.
Create a function for min & max that loops through your array and returns the smallest/biggest value.
Thats pretty much it. I will refrain from posting code(for now), since this looks like an assignment to me and I am confident that you can write the code with the information #Paul Ogilvie & I have provided yourself. Good Luck

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double y[25];
double x,a,b,c,e,f;
int i,j=0;
printf("Enter a:",&a);
scanf("%lf",&a);
printf("Enter b:",&b);
scanf("%lf",&b);
printf("Enter c:",&c);
scanf("%lf",&c);
printf("Starting Range:",&e);
scanf("%lf",&e);
printf("Ending Range:",&f);
scanf("%lf",&f);
for(i=e;i<=f;i++)
{
y[j++]=(a*pow(i,2))+(b*i)+c;
}
printf("\nThe Maximum element in the given interval is %lf",y[j-1]);
printf("\nThe Minimum element in the given interval is %lf",y[0]);
}
Good LUCK!

Related

Twice the minimum in C (using pointers)

My professor uses this site (e-olymp.com) that automatically grades your solution in %
For this homework we have to use pointers to solve these tasks. I had a problem with this one:
The array of real numbers is given. Calculate the twice value of the minimum element in array.
Input
First line contains the number n (n ≤ 100) of elements in array. Second line contains n real numbers - the elements of array. Each value does not exceed 100 by absolute value.
Output
Print the twice value of the minimum element in array with 2 decimal digits.
My solution, works perfectly fine in compiler but gives 0%, idk where is the mistake, could you take a look at this one?
#include<stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
int z, x;
double fx;
int main(void){
double *c = (double *)malloc(x*sizeof(double));
scanf("%d", &x);
fx=100;
for(z=0; z<x; z++){
scanf("%lf", c+z);
if(fx>*(c+z)) fx=*(c+z);
}
printf("%.2lf", fx*2);
free(c);
return 0;
}

Infinite array index without any pointer in C

I want to get a variable from user and set it for my array size. But in C I cannot use variable for array size. Also I cannot use pointers and * signs for my project because i'm learning C and my teacher said it's forbidden.
Can someone tell me a way to take array size from user?
At last, I want to do this two projects:
1- Take n from user and get int numbers from user then reverse print entries.
2- Take n from user and get float numbers from user and calculate average.
The lone way is using array with variable size.
<3
EDIT (ANSWER THIS):
Let me tell full of story.
First Question of my teacher is:
Get entries (int) from user until user entered '-1', then type entry numbers from last to first. ( Teacher asked me to solve this project with recursive functions and with NO any array )
Second Question is:
Get n entries (float) from user and calculate their average. ( For this I must use arrays and functions or simple codes with NO any pointer )
Modern C has variable size arrays, as follows:
void example(int size)
{
int myArray[size];
//...
}
The size shouldn't be too large because the aray is allocated on the stack. If it is too large, the stack will overflow. Also, this aray only exists in the function (here: funtion example) and you cannot return it to a caller.
I think your task is to come up with a solution that does not use arrays.
For task 2 that is pretty simple. Just accumulate the input and divide by the number of inputs before printing. Like:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
float result = 0;
float f;
int n = 0;
printf("How many numbers?\n");
if (scanf("%d", &n) != 1) exit(1);
for (int i=0; i < n; ++i)
{
if (scanf("%f", &f) != 1) exit(1);
result += f;
}
result /= n;
printf("average is %f\n", result);
return 0;
}
The first task is a bit more complicated but can be solved using recursion. Here is an algorithm in pseudo code.
void foo(int n) // where n is the number of inputs remaining
{
if (n == 0) return; // no input remaining so just return
int input = getInput; // get next user input
foo(n - 1); // call recursive
print input; // print the input received above
}
and call it like
foo(5); // To get 5 inputs and print them in reverse order
I'll leave for OP to turn this pseudo code into real code.
You can actually use variable sized arrays. They are allowed when compiling with -std=c99
Otherwise, you can over-allocate the array with an arbitrary size (like an upper bound of your actual size) then use it the actual n provided by the user.
I don't know if this helps you, if not please provide more info and possibly what you have already achieved.

Bubblesort a 2-D Array - C

I am trying to use Bubblesort for a 2-D array, using a custom sized 2D Array with the max limit of [100][2]. I am a beginner at this, so i am not great at formatting code properly so shedding light would be great.
my input
How many items of data do you wish to enter? 4
Please enter in the X coordinate: 4
Please enter in the Y coordinate: 4
Please enter in the X coordinate: 3
Please enter in the Y coordinate: 3
Please enter in the X coordinate: 2
Please enter in the Y coordinate: 2
Please enter in the X coordinate: 1
Please enter in the Y coordinate: 1
So that prints out how many numbers you wish to enter from a custom array input.
output(Meant to compare each array and switch to ascending order).
Printing in Ascending Order:
[4][3]
[3][3]
[3][3]
It prints 3 arrays not 4, and doesn't print out any of the numbers i entered.
so
But could anybody shed some light on this? It is specifically the Bubblesort function.
int main()
{
int arrayHeight, array[100][2];
printf ("***** Bubble Sort ***** \n");
InputArray(array, arrayHeight);
}
int InputArray(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight, int swap)
{
int i, xCoord, yCoord;
printf("\n How many items of data do you wish to enter? ");
scanf("%d",&arrayHeight);
for(i=0; i<arrayHeight; i++)
{
printf("Please enter in the X coordinate: ");
scanf("%d", &xCoord);
printf("Please enter in the Y coordinate: ");
scanf("%d", &yCoord);
array[i][0] = xCoord;/* Name of XCoordinate and position within Array*/
array[i][1] = yCoord;/*Name of YCoordinate and position within Array*/
}
DisplayArray(array, arrayHeight);
}
int DisplayArray(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight, int swap)
{
int i, j;
printf("\n The 2-D Array contains : \n");
for(i=0; i<arrayHeight; i++)
{
printf("[%d][%d]\n\r", array[i][1], array[i][0]);
}
BubbleSort(array, arrayHeight);
}
int BubbleSort(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight)
{
int swap, i, j, k;
printf("\n Printing in Asending Order: ");
for (i = 0; i <arrayHeight-1; i++)
{
if (array[i][0] > array[i][1 + 1])
{
array[1][i] = array[1][0+1];
swap = array[1][i];
array[i][1 + 1];
printf("\n [%d][%d] ", array[i][0], array[1][i]);
}
}
}
There's a fair amount of things going on here.
Your Question
Your program is printing out strange parts of your array because of the way you're calling printf from within BubbleSort. While BubbleSort is still running, your array isn't fully sorted. However, the function calls printf after each attempt at swapping array elements. If you'd like to print your whole array after sorting, it would be better to allow the sorting function to run to completion, then print out the array in full afterwards.
Other Stuff
There are a lot of points tangential to your question that I'd like to raise to help you out from a style and correctness perspective. Also, some of these are rather interesting.
#include Statements
When compiling this, you should be getting several warnings. If you're using gcc, one of those warnings will be something like:
main.c: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘printf’
printf ("***** Bubble Sort ***** \n");
This states that the function printf has been implicitly declared when it was called. That is, the compiler inferred that a function printf exists because you called a function named printf. The problem is that it knows nothing about this function other than that it probably exists. This means the complier doesn't know what the function is supposed to return or what arguments it is supposed to accept, so it cannot help you if you use it inappropriately. To avoid this problem, you should include the standard C Input/Output headers in your program like so:
#include <stdio.h>
The stdio.h header file includes many functions besides just printf. Check out man 3 stdio for more information on it.
Define or Declare Functions Before Calling Them
One of the less-modern aspects of C is that it runs through your program from top to bottom. Many modern languages allow you to put your function declarations anywhere in your code and then it works things out on its own. Javascript's variable and function hoisting is an example of this.
Because C does not do this, you should define or declare your functions before you call them. If you call them without a declaration or definiton, the compiler will fall back to the default function signature extern int <function_name>(); That is, if you do not supply a declaration or definition for your function, C will assume that function is defined elsewhere, returns an int, and takes an unspecified number of arguments.
In this program, the function DisplayArray is defined with three arguments:
int DisplayArray(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight, int swap);
However, it is called with only two arguments:
DisplayArray(array, arrayHeight);
This can only happen because when the function is first called, it hasn't yet been defined, so the compiler, without knowing any better, assumes the call is made correctly.
When this is corrected (the definition is put above the first call), the compiler will throw an error stating that the function DisplayArray takes three arguments, but it was called with only two.
Calling Functions / Program Structure
The most oft-cited benefit of creating functions in your code is modularity. This is the idea that you can freely re-use code at different points in your program while knowing what that code is going to do. This program sacrifices this benefit by creating a sort of function-chain, where each function calls the other. InputArray calls DisplayArray, and DisplayArray calls BubbleSort.
This means any time you'd like to print an array, you must be okay with it being bubble-sorted as well. This is considered bad practice because it reduces the amount of times calling the function is useful. A more useful function would be one that displays the array but does not call BubbleSort or modify the array in any way.
Bubble Sorting
Your question doesn't specify exactly how you'd like to bubble sort, but the function here doesn't implement the BubbleSort algorithm. Generally, it's best to make sure you understand the algorithm before applying it to strange cases like 2-D arrays. I've included a working example below, which I hope helps get you on the right track.
Briefly, note that there two loops in a bubble sort:
* an inner loop that runs through the array and swaps neighboring elements
* an outer loop that runs the inner loop until the entire array is sorted
Minor Things
C programs generally prefer snake_case to CamelCase, but more generally, you should do what works best for you. If you're on a team, use a style consistent with that team.
All of the functions in this program return int, yet none of them actually use a return statement or return a useful value. If you have a function does not return a useful value, return void instead (e.g. - void DisplayArray(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight)).
Your displayArray function swaps the position of x and y. printf will display parameters in the order you specify unless directed otherwise. Check out man 3 printf for more on that function.
Working Example
#include <stdio.h>
void DisplayArray(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight)
{
int i, j;
printf("\n The 2-D Array contains : \n");
for(i=0; i<arrayHeight; i++)
{
printf("[%d][%d]\n\r", array[i][0], array[i][1]);
}
}
void BubbleSort(int array[100][2], int arrayHeight)
{
int i;
int swap[2];
int swapHappened = 1;
// the outer loop runs until no swaps need to be made
// no swapping implies the array is fully sorted
while (swapHappened) {
swapHappened = 0;
// the inner loop swaps neighboring elements
// this is what 'bubbles' elements to the ends of the array
for (i = 0; i < arrayHeight-1; i++)
{
if ((array[i][0] > array[i+1][0]) ||
(array[i][0] == array[i+1][0]) && (array[i][1] > array[i+1][1]))
{
// if a swap happens, the array isn't sorted yet, set this variable
// so the `while` loop continues sorting
swapHappened = 1;
// save the higher-value row to a swap variable
swap[0] = array[i][0];
swap[1] = array[i][1];
// push the lower-valued row down one row
array[i][0] = array[i+1][0];
array[i][1] = array[i+1][1];
// put the saved, higher-value row where the lower-valued one was
array[i+1][0] = swap[0];
array[i+1][1] = swap[1];
}
}
DisplayArray(array, arrayHeight);
}
}
int main()
{
int arrayHeight, array[100][2];
printf ("***** Bubble Sort ***** \n");
int i, xCoord, yCoord;
printf("\n How many items of data do you wish to enter? ");
scanf("%d",&arrayHeight);
for(i=0; i<arrayHeight; i++)
{
printf("Please enter in the X coordinate: ");
scanf("%d", &xCoord);
printf("Please enter in the Y coordinate: ");
scanf("%d", &yCoord);
array[i][0] = xCoord;/* Name of XCoordinate and position within Array*/
array[i][1] = yCoord;/*Name of YCoordinate and position within Array*/
}
DisplayArray(array, arrayHeight);
BubbleSort(array, arrayHeight);
DisplayArray(array, arrayHeight);
return 0;
}
I don't get what you are trying to do with your BubbleSort function.
But just to get a few things right :
if (array[i][0] > array[i][1 + 1])
this shouldn't work, your array was initialized as "int array [100][2]". Conventionally the highest number that should be in the second square bracket is 1. (1+1 =2, by the way)
array[1][i] = array[1][0+1];
swap = array[1][i];
C executes code in a sequential basis, so the array[1][i] is overwritten with array[1][0+1] even before the original value is saved in the 'swap' variable.
array[i][1 + 1];
This line of code does not seem do anything.
If you could tell whether you are trying to sort 'by element' or by 'line' (ie by each array in the 2D array), maybe we could help you approach the problem correctly.

How to add the first number and last number of a series of number in C?

I am a beginner to C language and also computer programming. I have been trying to solve small problems to build up my skills. Recently, I am trying to solve a problem that says to take input that will decide the number of series it will have, and add the first and last number of a series. My code is not working and I have tried for hours. Can anyone help me solve it?
Here is what I have tried so far.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[4];
int x, y, z, num;
scanf("%d", &num);
for (x = 1; x <= num; x++) {
scanf("%d", &a[x]);
int add = a[0] + a[4];
printf("%d\n", a[x]);
}
return 0;
}
From from your description it seems clear that you should not care for the numbers in between the first and the last.
Since you want to only add the first and the last you should start by saving the first once you get it from input and then wait for the last number. This means that you don't need an array to save the rest of the numbers since you are not going to use them anyway.
We can make this work even without knowing the length of the series but since it is provided we are going to use it.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int first, last, num, x = 0;
scanf("%d", &num);
scanf("%d", &first);
last = first; //for the case of num=1
for (x = 1; x < num; x++) {
scanf("%d", &last);
}
int add = first + last;
printf("%d\n", add);
return 0;
}
What happens here is that after we read the value from num we immediately scan for the first number. Afterwards, we scan from the remaining num-1 numbers (notice how the for loop runs from 1 to num-1).
In each iteration we overwrite the "last" number we read and when the for loop finishes that last one in the series will actually be the last we read.
So with this input:
4 1 5 5 1
we get output:
2
Some notes: Notice how I have added a last = first after reading the first number. This is because in the case that num is 1 the for loop will never iterate (and even if it did there wouldn't be anything to read). For this reason, in the case that num is 1 it is reasonably assumed that the first number is also the last.
Also, I noticed some misconceptions on your code:
Remember that arrays in C start at 0 and not 1. So an array declared a[4] has positions a[0], a[1], a[2] and a[3]. Accessing a[4], if it works, will result in undefined behavior (eg. adding a number not in the input).
Worth noting (as pointed in a comment), is the fact that you declare your array for size 4 from the start, so you'll end up pretending the input is 4 numbers regardless of what it actually is. This would make sense only if you already knew the input size would be 4. Since you don't, you should declare it after you read the size.
Moreover, some you tried to add the result inside the for loop. That means you tried to add a[0]+a[3] to your result 4 times, 3 before you read a[3] and one after you read it. The correct way here is of course to try the addition after completing the input for loop (as has been pointed out in the comments).
I kinda get what you mean, and here is my atttempt at doing the task, according to the requirement. Hope this helps:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int first, last, num, x=0;
int add=0;
printf("What is the num value?\n");//num value asked (basically the
index value)
scanf("%d", &num);//value for num is stored
printf("What is the first number?\n");
scanf("%d", &first);
if (num==1)
{
last=first;
}
else
{
for (x=1;x<num;x++)
{
printf("Enter number %d in the sequence:\n", x);
scanf("%d", &last);
}
add=(first+last);
printf("Sum of numbers equals:%d\n", add);
}
return 0;
}

finding how many times an element has repeated in c

I've got a c study which it must print all the numbers in an array then how many times they repeated.
int lottery(int a,int b,int c,int d,int e,int f,int i,int count)
{
printf("Enter the loop count:");
scanf("%d",&d);
a=time(NULL);
srand(a);
int genel[100][100];
int hepsi[50]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49};
count=0;
for(e=0;e<=d-1;e++)
{
for(b=0;b<=5;b++)
{
genel[e][b]=(rand()%49+1);
while(i>=0 && i<=49)
{
if(genel[e][b]==hepsi[i])
{
count=count+1;
}
else{
count=count;
}
}
printf("%d->%d\t",genel[e][b],count);
}
}
}
This doesnt work obviously. the output must be something like that
1-->0 2-->3 3-->15 etc
TY for your help, cheers :)
It is important that you understand what you are doing, naming is therefore very important. Nesting loops is okay if you know what you are doing. An easier to understand approach would be:
void lottery() {
int i, j //forloop counters
int randArray[100][100]; //array for random values
srand(Time(NULL)); //set random seed based on system time
//set random values
for(i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
randArray[i][j] = rand()%49 + 1; //sets random ranging from 1 to 49 (49 incl)
}
}
//here you can start the counting procedure, which I won't spoil but ill give some hints below
}
There are a few options, first the easy lazy approach:
use a loop over all the values, 'int number' from 1 up to 49, inside that forloop use two forloops to search through the whole array, incrementing int x everytime you encounter the value 'number'. After youve searched through the whole array, you can use printf("%d -> %d", number, x); to print the value, set x to zero and count another number.
Another approach is as u tried,
create an array with for each number a location where you can increment a counter. Loop through the whole array now using two for-loops, increment the arraylocation corresponding to the value which youve found at randArray[i][j]. Afterwards print the array with counts using another forloop.
I suggest you try to clean up your code and approach, try again and come back with problems you encounter. Good luck!
sorry if this wasn't helpful to you, I tried to spoil not too much because according to my own experience programming should be learned by making mistakes.

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