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I want to execute the outputs that are in else statements (True or Nothing) but for some reason, my while loop only executes either first if statement or else if. I know that I am using infinite loop but I want to leave it by using break function that is in one of the two of else statements. What I want is to execute the else statements, so, Do they have hair? ->Y -> Messi? -> Y-> True. Or Do they have hair -> N -> Beckham? -> Y -> True. Or Do they have hair -> N -> Beckham ->N ->Nothing. Or Do they have hair -> T->Messi->N-> Nothing
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strings.h>
int random(char z[]);
int main() {
char *x ="Do they have hair";
char *yes = "Messi";
char *no = "Beckham";
char *u ="Nope";
do {
char *currents = x;
while (1) {
if (random(currents)) {
if (yes) {
currents = yes;
printf("First check\n");
} else {
printf("True: %s\n", yes);
break;
}
} else if (no) {
currents = no;
printf("False\n");
} else {
printf("Nothing\n");
break;
}
}
}while(random("Run Again?"));
return 0;
}
int random(char z[])
{
char a[3];
printf("%s: %s",z,a);
fgets(a, 3,stdin);
return a[0] == 'y';
}
Your while loop is not be quit because if (yes) and if(no) are always true.
yes is Messi. All non-zero value is referenced as true.
So, Your yes value has always the address of memory where Messi is saved. and It's always non-zero.
no is also same. no is always pointing on Beckham. So, It's true
So, I modified the code for your logic. Please refer the following code:
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
int random(char z[]);
int main() {
char x[] = "Do they have hair";
char again[] = "run again";
char yes[] = "Messi";
char no[] = "Beckham";
char u[] = "Nope";
do {
if (random(x)) {
if (random(yes)) printf("True!\n");
else printf("Nothing!\n");
}
else {
if (random(no)) printf("True!\n");
else printf("Nothing!\n");
}
} while (random(again));
return 0;
}
int random(char z[])
{
char a[3];
printf("%s?:", z);
fgets(a, 3, stdin);
return a[0] == 'y';
}
im supposed to be able to print all of the countries in the printfunction and pass it to the second if statement, but it doesn't seem to be printing . I know it's the
printf("%s\n", ctryList[numCountries].countryName);
part but i don't know what's wrong with it.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
const int MAX_COUNTRY_NAME_LENGTH = 50;
typedef struct CountryTvWatch_struct {
char countryName[50];
int tvMinutes;
} CountryTvWatch;
void PrintCountryNames(CountryTvWatch ctryList[], int numCountries)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < numCountries; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", ctryList[numCountries].countryName);
}
return;
}
int main(void) {
// Source: www.statista.com, 2010
const int NUM_COUNTRIES = 4;
CountryTvWatch countryList[NUM_COUNTRIES];
char countryToFind[MAX_COUNTRY_NAME_LENGTH];
bool countryFound = false;
int i = 0;
strcpy(countryList[0].countryName, "Brazil");
countryList[0].tvMinutes = 222;
strcpy(countryList[1].countryName, "India");
countryList[1].tvMinutes = 119;
strcpy(countryList[2].countryName, "U.K.");
countryList[2].tvMinutes = 242;
strcpy(countryList[3].countryName, "U.S.A.");
countryList[3].tvMinutes = 283;
printf("Enter country name: \n");
scanf("%s", countryToFind);
countryFound = false;
for (i = 0; i < NUM_COUNTRIES; ++i) { // Find country's index
if (strcmp(countryList[i].countryName, countryToFind) == 0) {
countryFound = true;
printf("People in %s watch\n", countryToFind);
printf("%d minutes of TV daily.\n", countryList[i].tvMinutes);
}
}
if (!countryFound) {
printf("Country not found, try again.\n");
printf("Valid countries:\n");
PrintCountryNames(countryList, NUM_COUNTRIES);
}
return 0;
}
the following proposed code:
incorporates the comments to the question
properly checks for I/O errors
lets the user know what countries are available to chose from
is appropriately spaced, both horizontally and vertically, for readability
performs the desired functionality
cleanly compiles
documents why each header file is included
and now the proposed code:
#include <stdio.h> // scanf(), printf()
#include <stdlib.h> // exit(), EXIT_FAILURE
#include <string.h> // strcmp()
#include <stdbool.h> // bool, true, false
#define MAX_COUNTRY_NAME_LENGTH 50
#define NUM_COUNTRIES 4
struct CountryTvWatch_struct
{
char countryName[ MAX_COUNTRY_NAME_LENGTH ];
int tvMinutes;
};
typedef struct CountryTvWatch_struct CountryTvWatch;
// prototypes
void PrintCountryNames( CountryTvWatch ctryList[], int numCountries );
int main(void)
{
// Source: www.statista.com, 2010
CountryTvWatch countryList[NUM_COUNTRIES];
char countryToFind[ MAX_COUNTRY_NAME_LENGTH+1];
strcpy(countryList[0].countryName, "Brazil");
countryList[0].tvMinutes = 222;
strcpy(countryList[1].countryName, "India");
countryList[1].tvMinutes = 119;
strcpy(countryList[2].countryName, "U.K.");
countryList[2].tvMinutes = 242;
strcpy(countryList[3].countryName, "U.S.A.");
countryList[3].tvMinutes = 283;
// let user know what countries are available and how they are spelled
PrintCountryNames(countryList, NUM_COUNTRIES);
printf("Enter country name: \n");
// Note: following statement
// checks for error
// includes a MAX_CHAR modifier that is one less than
// the length of the input field
if( 1 != scanf("%49s", countryToFind) )
{
perror( "scanf failed" );
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}
// implied else, scanf successful
bool countryFound = false;
for ( int i = 0; i < NUM_COUNTRIES; ++i )
{ // Find country's index
if (strcmp(countryList[i].countryName, countryToFind) == 0)
{
countryFound = true;
printf("People in %s watch\n", countryToFind);
printf("%d minutes of TV daily.\n", countryList[i].tvMinutes);
break; // exit the search loop early
}
}
if (!countryFound)
{
printf("Country not found, try again.\n");
printf("Valid countries:\n");
PrintCountryNames(countryList, NUM_COUNTRIES);
}
return 0;
}
void PrintCountryNames( CountryTvWatch ctryList[], int numCountries )
{
for( int i = 0; i < numCountries; i++ )
{
printf("%s\n", ctryList[ i ].countryName);
}
}
I am making a "Clicker-Game". It's my first real game that I'm doing alongside school. I got all of the game code complete but I want to have a loop in the background that adds geldps(money per second) after every second.
I tried threads but I don't really understand it and we won't learn that until next year, so I´m asking, if anyone can either tell me a better way to make a loop in the background that runs independent from the main program, and can just add geldps to geld every second. Thanks.
PS: I am sorry for the German variables. Ask me if you don't know what sth means or anything, and it´s probably not very well organised and everything.
#include <stdio.h>
int geldps=0,geld=0;
int main()
{
int stand=0, oil=0, Mine=0, Bank=0,standzahl=100, Minezahl=500, Bankzahl=1000, oilzahl=10000, Werkzeug=0, Werkzeugzahl=10;
char input, input2;
float faktor;
do
{
system("cls");
faktor=1+Werkzeug/10;
printf("%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",201,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,187);
printf(" %d$\n",geld);
printf("%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c\n",200,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,205,188);
printf(" Space to get money\n U to go to Upgrades\n Escape to leave");
input=getch();
if(input==32)
{
geld=geld+faktor;
continue;
}
if(input == 117 || input == 85)
{
system("cls");
do
{
system("cls");
printf(" 0 - Tools(10 for 1 more Money)(%d)(%d$)\n 1 - Lemon Stands(%d)(%d$)\n 2 - Mines(%d)(%d$)\n 3 - Banks(%d)(%d$)\n 4 - Oil Refinerys(%d)(%d$)\nBackspace to go back", Werkzeug, Werkzeugzahl, stand, standzahl, Mine, Minezahl, Bank, Bankzahl, oil, oilzahl);
input2=getch();
if(input2== 48)
{
if(geld<Werkzeugzahl)
{
system("cls");
printf("Not enough money(%d/%d$)\n",Werkzeugzahl,geld);
system("pause");
continue;
}
geld=geld-Werkzeugzahl;
Werkzeug++;
Werkzeugzahl=Werkzeugzahl+Werkzeugzahl/10;
}
if(input2== 49)
{
if(geld<standzahl)
{
system("cls");
printf("Not enough money(%d/%d$)\n",standzahl,geld);
system("pause");
continue;
}
geld=geld-standzahl;
stand++;
standzahl=standzahl+standzahl/10;
}
if(input2== 50)
{
if(geld<Minezahl)
{
system("cls");
printf("Not enough money(%d/%d$)\n",Minezahl,geld);
system("pause");
continue;
}
geld=geld-Minezahl;
Mine++;
Minezahl=Minezahl+Minezahl/10;
geldps=geldps+1;
}
if(input2== 51)
{
if(geld<Bankzahl)
{
system("cls");
printf("Not enough money(%d/%d$)\n",Bankzahl,geld);
system("pause");
continue;
}
geld=geld-Bankzahl;
Bank++;
Bankzahl=Bankzahl+Bankzahl/10;
geldps=geldps+10;
}
if(input2== 52)
{
if(geld<oilzahl)
{
system("cls");
printf("Not enough money(%d/%d$)\n",oilzahl,geld);
system("pause");
continue;
}
geld=geld-oilzahl;
oil++;
oilzahl=oilzahl+oilzahl/10;
geldps=geldps+100;
}
}
while(input2!=8);
}
}
while(input!=27);
return 0;
}
update: I was procrastinating and cleaned and improved your code. At the end of this answer.
If all you need is for a number to be consistently incremented based on time, add a function that updates a value based on time.
Here's an example showing not only how to do that but also how to compartmentalize your code into functions and how to use better code formatting and variable names.
#include <stdio.h> // printf()
#include <time.h> // time()
#include <stdlib.h> // random()
#include <unistd.h> // sleep()
int updateValue(int lastValue, int amountPerSecond) {
static time_t lastTime = -1;
time_t currentTime = time(NULL);
int newValue = lastValue;
if (lastTime != -1) {
newValue += amountPerSecond * (currentTime - lastTime);
}
lastTime = currentTime;
return newValue;
}
void seedRandom() {
// Don't use this in production code.
srandom(time(NULL));
}
int sleepRandomly() {
const int SLEEP_RANGE_IN_SECS = 5;
// sleep( 0..5 seconds )
int timeToSleep = random() % (SLEEP_RANGE_IN_SECS + 1);
sleep(timeToSleep);
return timeToSleep;
}
int main() {
const int AMOUNT_PER_SECOND = 5;
int value = 0;
// How many times to run the loop
int numCycles = 5;
seedRandom();
// Initialize the updateValue() start time
value = updateValue(value, AMOUNT_PER_SECOND);
while (numCycles--) {
int amountSlept = sleepRandomly();
int newValue = updateValue(value, AMOUNT_PER_SECOND);
printf("Slept %d seconds.", amountSlept);
printf("Value updated: %10d + (%d secs * %4d amount/secs) = %10d\n",
value, amountSlept, AMOUNT_PER_SECOND, newValue);
value = newValue;
}
return 0;
}
Cleaned up version of your code, and then I just kept improving it.
#include <stdio.h> // printf()
#include <string.h> // strlen()
#include <stdarg.h> // vsnprintf()
#include <unistd.h> // STDIN_FILENO
#include <sys/time.h> // gettimeofday()
#include <time.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
// TODO: convert the menus to tables:
// key - desc count cost effect
// TODO: add all income sources in a list so it's easy to add more
// without changing code
// TODO: the current pricing is off
// TODO: convert to C++ so we can use classes
// TODO: only use one menu, it's nicer to use
// one global value so we can ensure that we restore
// stdin's terminal settings
struct termios g_oldStdinTermios;
int g_keepGoing = 1;
typedef struct {
int count;
int zahl;
int zahlIncrement;
int geldPerSecondIncrement;
} IncomeSource;
typedef struct {
char lastMessage[100];
// try to avoid global variables, pass them instead
// one variable per line
int geld;
int geldPerSecond;
int geldPerClick;
IncomeSource werkzeug;
IncomeSource stand;
// Use consistent capitalization: sound be "mine"
IncomeSource mine;
IncomeSource bank;
IncomeSource oil;
} Values;
void setLastMessage(Values *values, const char *fmt, ...) {
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
(void) vsnprintf(values->lastMessage, sizeof(values->lastMessage), fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
}
void clearLastMessage(Values *values) {
// clear lastMessage after valid choice
values->lastMessage[0] = '\0';
}
void initializeValues(Values *values) {
clearLastMessage(values);
// use spaces around assignment and operators
values->geldPerSecond = 0;
values->geld = 10000;
// count, cost, cost increment (1/n), geldPerSecond increment
values->werkzeug = (IncomeSource){0, 10, 10, 0};
// BUG: number of stands doesn't increase geld per second
// or geld per click
values->stand = (IncomeSource){0, 100, 10, 0};
values->mine = (IncomeSource){0, 500, 10, 1};
values->bank = (IncomeSource){0, 1000, 10, 10};
values->oil = (IncomeSource){0, 10000, 10, 100};
values->geldPerClick = 1 + values->werkzeug.count / 10;
}
void clearScreen() {
// use ANSI escape sequences
const char *ANSI_MOVE_TO_1_1 = "\x1B[1;1H";
const char *ANSI_CLEAR_SCREEN = "\x1B[2J";
printf("%s%s", ANSI_CLEAR_SCREEN, ANSI_MOVE_TO_1_1);
}
char upcase(char c) {
if (c < 'a' || c > 'z') {
return c;
}
return 'A' + (c - 'a');
}
void setNonBlockingBufferingStdinTermios() {
struct termios new_;
tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &g_oldStdinTermios);
new_ = g_oldStdinTermios;
new_.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &new_);
}
void restoreStdinTermios() {
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &g_oldStdinTermios);
}
long getElapsedTimeInMs(struct timeval *start) {
struct timeval now;
gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
// in microseconds
long elapsed = ((now.tv_sec - start->tv_sec) * 1000000
+ now.tv_usec - start->tv_usec);
return elapsed / 1000;
}
char getCharacter() {
struct timeval start;
gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
char input = -1;
while (read(STDIN_FILENO, &input, 1) == -1
&& errno == EAGAIN
&& getElapsedTimeInMs(&start) < 500) {
}
return upcase(input);
}
void updateGeld(Values *values) {
static time_t lastTime = -1;
time_t currentTime = time(NULL);
if (lastTime != -1) {
values->geld += values->geldPerSecond * (currentTime - lastTime);
}
lastTime = currentTime;
}
void printHeader(Values *values) {
const char *UPPER_LEFT = "\u2554";
const char *UPPER_RIGHT = "\u2557";
const char *LOWER_LEFT = "\u255a";
const char *LOWER_RIGHT = "\u255d";
const char *HORIZONTAL = "\u2550";
const char *VERTICAL = "\u2551";
updateGeld(values);
// Automatically expand the box as the size
// of geld grows.
const int BORDER_WIDTH = 3;
char geldStr[20];
snprintf(geldStr, sizeof(geldStr), "$ %d", values->geld);
// Move code used more than once into its own function
clearScreen();
printf("%s", UPPER_LEFT);
for (int i = 0; i < (2 * BORDER_WIDTH + strlen(geldStr)); i++) {
printf("%s", HORIZONTAL);
}
printf("%s\n", UPPER_RIGHT);
// use spaces around commas
printf("%s %s %s %s\n",
VERTICAL, geldStr, VERTICAL, values->lastMessage);
printf("%s", LOWER_LEFT);
for (int i = 0; i < (2 * BORDER_WIDTH + strlen(geldStr)); i++) {
printf("%s", HORIZONTAL);
}
printf("%s\n", LOWER_RIGHT);
}
void upgrade(Values *values, IncomeSource *source) {
if (values->geld < source->zahl) {
setLastMessage(values, "Not enough money(%d/%d$)",
source->zahl, values->geld);
return;
}
clearLastMessage(values);
values->geld -= source->zahl;
source->count++;
source->zahl += source->zahl / source->zahlIncrement;
values->geldPerSecond += source->geldPerSecondIncrement;
}
char getUpgradeInput(Values *values) {
clearScreen();
printHeader(values);
printf(" 0 - Tools(10 for 1 more Money)(%d)(%d$)\t\t+%d/click\n",
values->werkzeug.count, values->werkzeug.zahl, values->geldPerClick);
printf(" 1 - Lemon Stands(%d)(%d$)\t\t\t+%d/sec\n",
values->stand.count, values->stand.zahl,
values->stand.count * values->stand.geldPerSecondIncrement);
printf(" 2 - Mines(%d)(%d$)\t\t\t\t+%d/sec\n",
values->mine.count, values->mine.zahl,
values->mine.count * values->mine.geldPerSecondIncrement);
printf(" 3 - Banks(%d)(%d$)\t\t\t\t+%d/sec\n",
values->bank.count, values->bank.zahl,
values->bank.count * values->bank.geldPerSecondIncrement);
printf(" 4 - Oil Refinerys(%d)(%d$)\t\t\t+%d/sec\n",
values->oil.count, values->oil.zahl,
values->oil.count * values->oil.geldPerSecondIncrement);
printf(" Q - Back to main menu\n");
printf("> ");
fflush(stdout);
return getCharacter();
}
void upgradeLoop(Values *values) {
char input = ' ';
while (input != 'Q' && g_keepGoing) {
input = getUpgradeInput(values);
switch (input) {
case '0':
upgrade(values, &values->werkzeug);
values->geldPerClick = 1 + values->werkzeug.count / 10;
break;
case '1':
upgrade(values, &values->stand);
break;
case '2':
upgrade(values, &values->mine);
break;
case '3':
upgrade(values, &values->bank);
break;
case '4':
upgrade(values, &values->oil);
break;
case 'Q':
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
char getMainInput(Values *values) {
printHeader(values);
// make this easier to read in the code...
printf(" _ - [Space] get money\n");
printf(" U - Upgrades\n");
printf(" Q - Quit\n");
printf("> ");
fflush(stdout);
return getCharacter();
}
void mainLoop(Values *values) {
char input = ' ';
// while..do is easier to read and understand than do..while
while (input != 'Q' && g_keepGoing) {
// Encapsulate code in functions to make your program's logic
// easier to follow
input = getMainInput(values);
// Use a switch statement here and use character values
// rather than integers
switch (input) {
case ' ':
values->geld += values->geldPerClick;
clearLastMessage(values);
break;
case 'U':
upgradeLoop(values);
clearLastMessage(values);
case 'Q':
break;
default:
break;
}
};
}
void sigintHandler(int signal) {
printf("SIGINT received, cleaning up.\n");
restoreStdinTermios();
g_keepGoing = 0;
}
int main() {
Values values;
initializeValues(&values);
setNonBlockingBufferingStdinTermios();
signal(SIGINT, sigintHandler);
mainLoop(&values);
restoreStdinTermios();
return 0;
}
I have several struct declared which contain different data. I also have an enum that corresponds to those structures. There are several places in my code where I need to access information about the structures and I'm doing it via the enum. This results in few switch statements that return this information.
I've enclosed those switch statements in their own functions in order to re-use wherever possible. This resulted in three functions that look very similar.
Example psuedo-code:
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct
{
int varA;
char varB;
} A;
typedef struct
{
int varA;
int varB;
int varC;
} B;
typedef struct
{
int varA;
short varB;
} C;
typedef enum { structA, structB, structC } STRUCT_ENUM;
int returnSize(STRUCT_ENUM structType)
{
int retVal = 0;
switch(structType)
{
case structA:
retVal = sizeof(A);
break;
case structB:
retVal = sizeof(B);
break;
case structC:
retVal = sizeof(C);
break;
default:
break;
}
return retVal;
}
void printStructName(STRUCT_ENUM structType)
{
switch(structType)
{
case structA:
printf("Struct: A\r\n");
break;
case structB:
printf("Struct: B\r\n");
break;
case structC:
printf("Struct: C\r\n");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void createDataString(STRUCT_ENUM structType, char* output, unsigned char* input)
{
switch(structType)
{
case structA:
{
A a = *(A*)input;
sprintf(output, "data: %d, %d", a.varA, a.varB);
break;
}
case structB:
{
B b = *(B*)input;
sprintf(output, "data: %d, %d, %d", b.varA, b.varB, b.varC);
break;
}
case structC:
{
C c = *(C*)input;
sprintf(output, "data: %d, %d", c.varA, c.varB);
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
int main(void) {
char foobar[50];
printf("Return size: %d\r\n", returnSize(structA));
printStructName(structB);
C c = { 10, 20 };
createDataString(structC, foobar, (unsigned char*) &c);
printf("Data string: %s\r\n", foobar);
return 0;
}
Those free functions basically contain the same switch with different code placed in the cases. With this setup, adding new struct and enum value results in three places in the code that needs changing.
The question is: is there a way to refactor this into something more maintainable? Additional constraint is that the code is written in C.
EDIT: online example: http://ideone.com/xhXmXu
You can always use static arrays and use STRUCT_ENUM as the index. Given the nature of your functions, I don't really know if you would consider it more maintainable, but it's an alternative I usually prefer, examples for names and sizes:
typedef enum { structA, structB, structC, STRUCT_ENUM_MAX } STRUCT_ENUM;
char *struct_name[STRUCT_ENUM_MAX] = {[structA] = "Struct A", [structB] = "Struct B", [structC] = "Struct C"};
size_t struct_size[STRUCT_ENUM_MAX] = {[structA] = sizeof(A), [structB] = sizeof(B), [structC] = sizeof(C)};
for printing content you can keep a similar array of functions receiving a void * that will print the value of this argument.
Edit:
Added designated initializers as per Jen Gustedt's comment.
You can make it into a single function and a single switch, with an additional parameter. Like so
int enumInfo(STRUCT_ENUM structType, int type) // 1 = returnSize 2 = printStructName
{
int retVal = 0;
switch(structType)
{
case structA:
If ( type == 1 ) { retVal = sizeof(A); }
else { printf("Struct: A"); }
break;
case structB:
If ( type == 1 ) { retVal = sizeof(B); }
else { printf("Struct: B"); }
break;
case structC:
If ( type == 1 ) { retVal = sizeof(C); }
else { printf("Struct: C"); }
break;
default:
break;
}
return retVal;
}
I want to get the string from USART1 of STM32VLDiscovery (STM32F100X4) and write an AT Command Parser from the string received from USART1.
Below are the concept that I have developed but I am not sure whether it's correct or not.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "dosomethinga.h"
void dosomethingB();
void GET_AT_COMMAND(char*);
void takecommand(char *, char *);
int quit;
int main()
{ char buff[15];
char command = '\0';
quit = 0;
while(!quit)
{
printf("Enter your command: ");
scanf("%s", &buff);
if (buff[0] == 'A' && buff[1] == 'T' && buff[2] == '+')
{
GET_AT_COMMAND(buff);
}
}
}
void dosomethingB()
{
printf("dosomethingB called \n");
}
void GET_AT_COMMAND(char *text)
{
int command;
char temp[10] = "";
/*if(text[3] == 'A')
command = 1;
else if(text[3] == 'B')
command = 2;
else if(text[3] == 'Z')
command = 3;
*/
takecommand(text,temp);
if (strcmp(temp, "CALLA") == 0)
command = 1;
if (strcmp(temp, "CALLB") == 0)
command = 2;
if (strcmp(temp, "Z") == 0)
command = 3;
switch(command)
{
case 1:
dosomethingA();
break;
case 2:
printf("herehere.... \n");
dosomethingB();
break;
case 3:
printf("Exiting program.... \n");
quit = 1;
break;
default:
printf("Nothing to do here \n");
}
}
void takecommand(char *mycmd, char *hold)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
hold[i] = mycmd[i+3];
}
}
Can anyone explain on the steps that I should do? Thanks.
Basicly you should wait an attention "AT" from the input and ignore anything before it.
For example inputs "XYZATZ\r" and "AaatZ\r" should be both handled as a "ATZ" command.
There can also be short pause between 'A' and 'T' (and all other chars of commands too), because human may type those commands.
By the default all commands end to "\r" character.
See more about AT commands from ITU-T documentation. For example from V.250 standard.
There are probably many alternative ways to implement that. The best alternative depends on your needs. If you are going to implement all AT-commands of mobile-terminal, then you should spend more time for the parser. If you want make some test application for few commands, then your implementation could be simple as your provided one.
I have developed this AT command parser, this could be use for reference.
When you get data from UART1 just call this method at_wait_msg() to parse the AT message
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
static const char *AT_HEADER = "AT";
static const char *AT_DEVICE_PROFILE = "DR";
static const char *AT_SET_DEVICE = "SD";
static const char AT_EOF = '\r';
typedef enum {
DeviceProfile,
SetDevice,
Error
} AT_Msg_Type;
typedef struct {
char header[3];
char command[3];
char data[128];
} AT_Msg_Data;
static void at_wait_msg(char text);
static void at_wait_msg_complete(char *text);
static void at_parse_msg(AT_Msg_Data *data);
static AT_Msg_Type at_check_format(AT_Msg_Data *data);
static char _rx_data[512];
static uint16_t _rx_index = 0;
int main()
{
//example data getting from UART1
char text[] = "ATDR\rATSD123456abchelloworld\r1123ATssa\r";
for (int i = 0; i < strlen(text) + 1; i++) {
//to simulate getting data from UART1 byte per byte
at_wait_msg(text[i]);
}
return 0;
}
static void at_wait_msg(char text)
{
_rx_data[_rx_index++] = text;
if (text == AT_EOF) {
at_wait_msg_complete(_rx_data);
_rx_index = 0;
}
}
static void at_wait_msg_complete(char *text)
{
AT_Msg_Data data;
int result = sscanf_s(_rx_data, "%2s%2s%s\r",
data.header, sizeof(data.header),
data.command, sizeof(data.command),
data.data, sizeof(data.data));
if (result >= 2) {
at_parse_msg(&data);
}
}
static void at_parse_msg(AT_Msg_Data *data)
{
AT_Msg_Type type = at_check_format(data);
switch (type) {
case DeviceProfile:
printf("device profile\r\n");
break;
case SetDevice:
printf("settings %s\r\n", data->data);
break;
case Error:
default:
printf("Error\r\n");
break;
}
}
static AT_Msg_Type at_check_format(AT_Msg_Data *data)
{
if (strcmp(data->header, AT_HEADER) != 0) {
return Error;
}
if (strcmp(data->command, AT_DEVICE_PROFILE) == 0) {
return DeviceProfile;
}
if (strcmp(data->command, AT_SET_DEVICE) == 0) {
return SetDevice;
}
return Error;
}