c - connect() does not return - c

I'm trying to build a c client that sends an html request message to a website, and then reads the response. Unfortunately, my connect() statement does not return.
Yes, I have seen this answer: connect() does not return
However, I do not want to set the socket to non-blocking, and then keep doing select() until I get a response, as I am only dealing with one request at a time.
int main() {
struct hostent *hp;
struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
mySocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
hp = gethostbyname("firefox.com"));
bzero((char *) &serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr));
serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
bcopy((char *)hp->h_addr_list[0], (char *)&serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr, hp->h_length);
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(8080); // works up till here
connect(mySocket, (SA *) &serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)); // never returns
return 0;
}
Am I connecting correctly? I've gotten rid of the error checking in the above code.
Here is the output of "lsof -Pnl +M -i4" in terminal
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
proxy 8321 1000 3u IPv4 51542 0t0 TCP 10.0.2.15:42708->63.245.213.17:8080 (SYN_SENT)
Could this be a firewall issue? If so, how do I resolve it?

I should've been on port 80, not 8080, in the line:
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(8080); // no
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(80); // yes
Thanks for your help guys.

Related

Invalid argument to connect()

I'm trying to write code to setup a client socket that can send/receive messages from a server. Here's what I have:
// Create the socket
int s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); // TODO: error checking
// Setup the client and server addresses
struct sockaddr_in cli_addr;
memset(&cli_addr, 0, sizeof(cli_addr));
cli_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
cli_addr.sin_port = htons(7654);
cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(11111);
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX");
// Bind the socket to the client address (so we can receive messsages)
if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, sizeof(cli_addr)) == -1) {
perror("bind failed");
exit(errno);
}
// Connect the socket to the server address (so we can send messages)
if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1) {
perror("connect failed");
exit(errno);
}
When I run this, I'm getting the error connect failed: Invalid argument. I don't see what I'm doing incorrectly here, though.
cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
...
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX");
You'll bind the socket to localhost (127.0.0.1) but then you connect to an address which likely is not localhost. There is no way such a TCP with a fully internal IP address (i.e. not accessible from outside the machine) to an IP address of a different system can be created, hence "Invalid argument".
It is unclear what you are trying to achieve with the bind in the first place so it might be the best to just remove it. In this case it will automatically pick a local IP and port which can be used in a connection to the given destination IP.

C Server connect to Client

I'm trying to make a Server/Client with push notifications.
First of all the Client connects with Server and then Server saves IP address and port of the client. At some point server needs to connect with client to send a notification.
This is how Server saves Client IP address and port after the accept of the first connection:
char client_ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
int port_c;
// Socket, ..., bind, listen, accept
// Gets Client IP address
struct sockaddr_in* pV4Addr = (struct sockaddr_in*)&cli_addr;
struct in_addr ipAddr = pV4Addr->sin_addr;
inet_ntop( AF_INET, &ipAddr, client_ip, INET_ADDRSTRLEN );
printf("Client ip: %s\n", client_ip);
// Gets Client Port Number
port_c = (int) ntohs(cli_addr.sin_port);
printf("Client port is: %d\n", (int) ntohs(cli_addr.sin_port));
// [ ... ]
// Time to send notification to client
bzero((char *) &cli_addr, sizeof(cli_addr));
// Setting IP address and port
cli_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
bcopy(client_ip, (char *)&cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, strlen(client_ip));
cli_addr.sin_port = htons(port_c);
// Create socket
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
// Bind socket to the local address
if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &cli_addr, sizeof(cli_addr)) < 0)
error("Error bind");
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cli_addr, sizeof(cli_addr)) < 0)
error("ERROR connecting");
I get bind error: Can't assign requested address.
And I am not sure how to code Client after the first connection. It would be listening and accepting the connection but if I do in the Client's code
cli_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
cli_addr.sin_port = htons(port_client);
Will the IP address be the same as the first connection?
If someone has another solution or better, please share it.
You are trying to bind the server socket to a client IP. That cannot work. You can only bind a socket to a local address. You must use bind for incomming connections, not for outgoing ones.
If you want your server to respond to a request from the client, simply use the socket returned by accept(), then send() using this socket.
You server code should look like this:
SOCKET sock_server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
struct sockaddr_in sock_local_addr;
memset(&sock_local_addr, 0, sizeof(sock_local_addr));
sock_local_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
sock_local_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
sock_local_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
bind(sock_server, (const struct sockaddr *)&sock_local_addr, sizeof(sock_local_addr)); // bind server socket to any network interface of the server
listen(sock_server, 10);
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
SOCKLEN_T client_addr_size = sizeof(client_addr);
SOCKET sock_client = accept(sock_server, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &client_addr_size); // accept incomming connection; this will block until a client connects
recv_size = recv(sock_client, buf_in, sizeof(buf_in), 0); // receive data from client
send(sock_client, buf_out, sizeof(buf_out), 0); // send data back to client (buf_out is buffer containing the data to be sent)
shutdown(sock_client, SHUT_RDWR); // shutdown connection with client

What Is The Purpose Of A sockaddr_in In This Program?

For one of my classes I have to program a server and a client, and we were given some sample code to work with. Here is the snippet I am confused about:
main()
{
int sock, sock_current, cc, fromlen, tolen; /*sd is the socket */
int addrlen;
struct sockaddr_in sin;
struct sockaddr_in pin;
/* get an internet domain socket */
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
/* complete the socket structure */
memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
/* bind the socket to the port number */
if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &sin, sizeof(sin)) == -1) {
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
I think that the purpose of the sockaddr_in struct sin is to store a local IP address to associate with sock when it gets bound. Am I correct on that? If I am correct, how does this snippet of code accomplish that? I don't get it:
/* complete the socket structure */
memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
The bind function assigns a local protocol address to a socket. The purpose of sin here is to tell bind which local address to assign.
memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
sin.sin_family = AF_INET; //it's an IPv4 address
sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; //wildcard IP address
sin.sin_port = htons(PORT); //bind to this port number
In addition to what Yu said (which is all correct), if you don't call bind before calling listen() (which is likely right after the snippet you posted), it will listen on a random TCP port (because you opened an IPv4 TCP socket when you called socket()).
This is actually useful sometimes -- I have an app that broadcasts the port it runs on over the LAN for clients to find it, so it doesn't matter what port it's on.
Also, you can bind before you call connect(), if you want, to force what port or interface the outgoing connection will be made on, but this is also uncommon.

accept fails with EFAULT

I have a socket server running on multiple machines. It works like a charm besides on one machine.
The server binds correctly but returns an error (EFAULT) when the client attempts to connect.
Perhaps someone has an idea what the source of the problem might be. Thanks a lot in advance!
Some information about the machine:
Linux version 2.6.18.3
gcc version 3.3.5 (Debian 1:3.3.5-13)
The socket server source is pretty straight forward.
...
...
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct sockaddr* client;
socklen_t alen;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd == -1) {
...
}
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0){
...
}
if(listen(sockfd,BACKLOG) == -1){
...
}
alen = sizeof(client);
new_fd = accept(sockfd, client, &alen);
if (new_fd == -1) {
/*
* this part of the code is executed
* errno is set to 14
*/
}
Thank you for pointing me in the right direction.
Use this:
struct sockaddr_in client;
...
alen = sizeof(client);
new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &client, &alen);
accept expects a pointer to an existing buffer which it'll fill in. You have two errors, you set alen to the size of a pointer, and you pass an uninitialized pointer to accept.
From the accept(2) man page:
EFAULT The addr argument is not in a writable part of the user address
space.
Check to make sure that you've allocated client appropriately.

How to determine IP used by client connecting to INADDR_ANY listener socket in C

I have a network server application written in C, the listener is bound using INADDR_ANY so it can accept connections via any of the IP addresses of the host on which it is installed.
I need to determine which of the server's IP addresses the client used when establishing its connection - actually I just need to know whether they connected via the loopback address 127.0.0.1 or not.
Partial code sample as follows (I can post the whole thing if it helps):
static struct sockaddr_in serverAddress;
serverAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
serverAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
serverAddress.sin_port = htons(port);
bind(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &serverAddress, sizeof(serverAddress));
listen(listener, CONNECTION_BACKLOG);
SOCKET socketfd;
static struct sockaddr_in clientAddress;
...
socketfd = accept(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &clientAddress, &length);
The solution to my specific problem (thanks to zildjohn01) in case anyone needs it, is shown below:
int isLocalConnection(int socket){
struct sockaddr_in sa;
int sa_len = sizeof(sa);
if (getsockname(socket, &sa, &sa_len) == -1) {
return 0;
}
// Local access means any IP in the 127.x.x.x range
return (sa.sin_addr.s_addr & 0xff) == 127;
}
You can use the getsockname function.
The getsockname() function retrieves the locally-bound name of the specified socket
From your code
socketfd = accept(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &clientAddress, &length);
Analyse the returned clientAddress. This is what you need.

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