I followed instruction described http://www.cse.iitm.ac.in/~vplab/courses/CG/opengl_start.html that is as following -
OpenGL (GLUT) on Linux (Ubuntu) Installation
Install the following packages from the ubuntu repository:
1. freeglut3-dev
2. mesa-common-dev
sudo apt-get install freeglut3 freeglut3-dev mesa-common-dev
Check your /usr/include/GL folder to verify the installation of the openGL headers that you intend to use.
Compiling and Linking
You will have to use the -lglut linker option with gcc/g++ to compile a program with glut library.
For example, to compile the program cube.c that uses GLUT type, use
gcc -o cube cube.c -lglut -lGLU
to get the binary executable cube.
If you are not using GLUT and want to use the lower level libraries then use -lGL -lGLU also in the linker options.
But, this doesn't work for me.
$gcc -o cube cube.c -lglut -lGLU
/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/cc5OzQPt.o: undefined reference to symbol 'glVertex3fv'
//usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
And I didn't get the solution. Help me.
I want to write code in C and my environment is Ubuntu 14.04, Intel processor.
Try this -
gcc -o cube cube.c -lglut -lGLU -lGL
Related
Hi I'm trying to compile a c project with gcc 10.2 in Ubuntu 20.04.
But at the end it gives me error as below
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Below are the libraries I'm trying to link while creating a so file
-lpthread -ldl -lm -lstdc++ -lrt
When i looked into /usr/lib64 i could see only *.so files but no *.a files.
Do we need to install them separately?
Could someone help with this.
Do we need to install them separately?
You need to install glibc-devel (or similar) package.
I am trying to compile the minimalist C opengl code in https://github.com/fogleman/HelloGL on my Ubuntu 18.04 system, but I get the following error:
gcc -c -o build/matrix.o -std=c99 -O3 src/matrix.c
gcc -o main build/shader.o build/main.o build/util.o build/matrix.o -lglew -lglfw3 -framework Cocoa
-framework OpenGL -framework IOKit -framework CoreVideo -lm
gcc: error: Cocoa: No such file or directory
gcc: error: OpenGL: No such file or directory
gcc: error: IOKit: No such file or directory
gcc: error: CoreVideo: No such file or directory
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-framework’
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-framework’
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-framework’
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-framework’
Makefile:24: recipe for target 'main' failed
I do realize the reason for this is the following line in the MakeFIle, which is made for OSX (presumably):
LIBS = -lglew -lglfw3 -framework Cocoa -framework OpenGL -framework IOKit -framework CoreVideo
Is there a way of adapting this line to make it work on a GNU/Linux system?
Or does it need to have to be linked to the Cocoa framework?
I downloaded this example project and tinkered with it myself. It does not appear to contain any OSX-specific code; it's just that its Makefile was written for OSX only.
First make sure you have have the libglfw3-dev and libglew-dev packages installed. Installing these from the Ubuntu package manager should automatically pull in all the other libraries that are required.
Next, change the LIBS line of the Makefile to read
LIBS = -lGLEW -lglfw -lGL -lm
For no apparent reason, the library called libglew on OSX is called libGLEW on (Debian-style) Linux, and the library called libglfw3 on OSX is called libglfw on Linux. -lGL is the Linux equivalent of -framework OpenGL, and -lm brings in the math library (needed for one call to sqrt), which is separate from the core C library on Linux but not on OSX, if I remember correctly.
You may also need to adjust the FLAGS line. This setting worked for me:
FLAGS = -g -O2 -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic
The important change here is -std=gnu99 instead of -std=c99. The stricter c99 mode is troublesome; it disables extensions that people don't realize are extensions, like math.h defining the constant M_PI, which this program wants. (It also has a nasty habit of breaking network-related system headers, for reasons which are too complicated to get into here. Fortunately, this program doesn't use the network.)
I also added -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic, added -g, and changed -O3 to -O2. These are all things I do habitually to every C program I tinker with. The first two can reveal problems and they almost never hurt; in this case they didn't make any visible difference. The third is because -O3 often makes your program slower than -O2 would have.
The -framework option is specific to Apple platforms, as the Cocoa, IOKit and CoreVideo frameworks themselves. The build commands and options you are using are for macOS it would appear.
I am running CentOS 6.4, I have just installed GLFW 3.0.4 for some software package for CFD L-B visualisation. That's not my issue, the issue is that I was following instructions to test of GLFW was installed properly, I ran into some issues.
I began by
g++ -c main.cpp
Which has outputted main.o file, and went onto run this with the help of advice of another thread :
g++ main.o -o main.exec `pkg-config --libs glfw3` -lGL -lGLU -lglfw3 -lX11 -lXxf86vm -lXrandr -lpthread -lXi -ldlD
which has then given me this error code:
Package glfw3 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `glfw3.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'glfw3' found
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lglfw3
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
Have tried adding -L or -B to the path of glfw3.pc and no use,
Can you please advise on how I can get this to work properly?
I'm trying to compile a program written in C. ./configure was successful, but when I did make, it gave me an error. I did make check, and it said:
gcc -g -Wall -static -o multipht multipht.o multimatch.o multiweight.o multiwrite.o multisort.o multiclean.o
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
("multipht" is the name of the program I'm trying to install.)
Could anyone tell me what the problem is?
Your system appears to not have a statically linkable C library. That's actually pretty common these days. Take off the -static flag and you should be good to go.
On Fedora, the static version of glibc is in the glibc-static package.
sudo yum -y install glibc-devel glibc-static
I am running Ubuntu 12.04 and I'm currently working on a project involving C, OpenGL, a teapot and input methods.
The problem started when I decided to have arrow keys as input. I checked to see the key codes for arrow keys but all of the arrows return 0. I looked up how to get this to work and I found conio.h. Unfortunately, it is an old DOS header that is not available for Linux. Then I found a substitute called ncurses.
After installing the necessary libraries, by following the build instructions closely, I #included curses.h in my main.c source. When I first tried to compile using gcc, I got the following errors:
main.o:main.c:function _Key: error: undefined reference to 'stdscr'
main.o:main.c:function _Key: error: undefined reference to 'wgetch'
main.o:main.c:function _Key: error: undefined reference to 'stdscr'
main.o:main.c:function _Key: error: undefined reference to 'wgetch'
I found a fix by adding -lncurses to the makefile like so:
SOURCES=main.c
main: main.o
gcc -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lncurses main.o -o main
main.o: main.c
gcc -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -c main.c
But I was greeted by another error:
/usr/bin/ld: error: cannot find -lncurses
As well as the previous errors.
I have spent the last 2 days searching both the Ubuntu forums and StackOverFlow. Any help would be appreciated.
P.S. I don't know if this is important but when I try to run /usr/bin/ld I get this error:
ld: fatal error: no input files
For anyone with the same problem I had: I was missing the 32 bit libraries; I was compiling 32 bit on a 64 bit server which was missing the lib32ncurses5-dev package.
On Ubuntu I simply ran:
sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev
First off, you should put the libraries after the object file when linking. And not have them at all in the compilation of of the source file.
After that, if ncurses is not installed in a standard search folder you need to point out to the linker where it is, this is done with the -L command line option:
gcc main.o -o main -L/location/of/ncurses -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lncurses
Try installing the ncurses-static package too, if you have only the ncurses-devel package installed in your Ubuntu OS.
If that solves your problem, plus if you add #Joachim's compiling instructions, you are off to a great start.
gcc main.o -o main -L/location/of/ncurses -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lncurses
The linker can't find your shared library in it's search path. If you add the directory where your shared lib is to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable the linker should find it and be able to link against it. In that case you could omit the -L option to gcc:
gcc main.o -o main -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lncurses
And it should compile fine.
EDIT:
Good to know that apt-get install libncurses5-dev fixes your problem.
FYI.
The LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable contains a colon separated list of paths that the linker uses to resolve library dependencies at run time. These paths will be given priority over the standard library paths /lib and /usr/lib. The standard paths will still be searched, but only after the list of paths in LD_LIBRARY_PATH has been exhausted.
The best way to use LD_LIBRARY_PATH is to set it on the command line or script immediately before executing the program. This way you can keep the new LD_LIBRARY_PATH isolated from the rest of your system i.e. local to the current running running instance of shell.
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/path/to/libncurses/library/directory/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
$ gcc main.o -o main -lm -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lncurses