Grouped result in recursive query (SQL Server) - sql-server

Question

I have a recursive query that is working as intended for calculating weighted average cost for inventory calculation. My problem is that I need multiple weighted average from the same query grouped by different columns. I know I can solve the issue by calculating it multiple times, one for each key-column. But because of query performance considerations, I want it to be traversed once. Sometimes I have 1M+ rows.
I have simplified the data and replaced weighted average to a simple sum to make my problem more easy to follow.
How can I get the result below using recursive cte? Remember that I have to use a recursive query to calculate weighted average cost. I am on sql server 2016.
Example data (Id is also the sort order. The Id and Key is unique together.)
Id Key1 Key2 Key3 Value
1 1 1 1 10
2 1 1 1 10
3 1 2 1 10
4 2 2 1 10
5 1 2 1 10
6 1 1 2 10
7 1 1 1 10
8 3 3 1 10
Expected result
Id Key1 Key2 Key3 Value Key1Sum Key2Sum Key3Sum
1 1 1 1 10 10 10 10
2 1 1 1 10 20 20 20
3 1 2 1 10 30 10 30
4 2 2 1 10 10 20 40
5 1 2 1 10 40 30 50
6 1 1 2 10 50 30 10
7 1 1 1 10 60 40 60
8 3 3 1 10 10 10 70
EDIT
After some well deserved criticism I have to be much better in how I make a question.
Here is an example and why I need a recursive query. In the example I get the result for Key1, but I need it for Key2 and Key3 as well in the same query. I know that I can repeat the same query three times, but that is not preferable.
DECLARE #InventoryItem AS TABLE (
IntentoryItemId INT NULL,
InventoryOrder INT,
Key1 INT NULL,
Key2 INT NULL,
Key3 INT NULL,
Quantity NUMERIC(22,9) NOT NULL,
Price NUMERIC(16,9) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO #InventoryItem (
IntentoryItemId,
InventoryOrder,
Key1,
Key2,
Key3,
Quantity,
Price
)
VALUES
(1, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1),
(2, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 2),
(3, NULL, 1, 2, 1, 10, 2),
(4, NULL, 2, 2, 1, 10, 1),
(5, NULL, 1, 2, 1, 10, 5),
(6, NULL, 1, 1, 2, 10, 3),
(7, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 3),
(8, NULL, 3, 3, 1, 10, 1);
--The steps below will give me the cost "grouped" by Key1
WITH Key1RowNumber AS (
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Key1 ORDER BY IntentoryItemId) AS RowNumber
FROM #InventoryItem
)
UPDATE #InventoryItem
SET InventoryOrder = Key1RowNumber.RowNumber
FROM #InventoryItem InventoryItem
INNER JOIN Key1RowNumber
ON Key1RowNumber.IntentoryItemId = InventoryItem.IntentoryItemId;
WITH cte AS (
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
InventoryOrder,
Key1,
Quantity,
Price,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), InventoryItem.Quantity) AS CurrentQuantity,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), (InventoryItem.Quantity * InventoryItem.Price) / NULLIF(InventoryItem.Quantity, 0)) AS AvgPrice
FROM #InventoryItem InventoryItem
WHERE InventoryItem.InventoryOrder = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT
Sub.IntentoryItemId,
Sub.InventoryOrder,
Sub.Key1,
Sub.Quantity,
Sub.Price,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), Main.CurrentQuantity + Sub.Quantity) AS CurrentQuantity,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),
((Main.CurrentQuantity) * Main.AvgPrice + Sub.Quantity * Sub.price)
/
NULLIF((Main.CurrentQuantity) + Sub.Quantity, 0)
) AS AvgPrice
FROM CTE Main
INNER JOIN #InventoryItem Sub
ON Main.Key1 = Sub.Key1
AND Sub.InventoryOrder = main.InventoryOrder + 1
)
SELECT cte.IntentoryItemId, cte.AvgPrice
FROM cte
ORDER BY IntentoryItemId

Answer 1

Why you will want to calculate on 1M+ rows ?
Secondly I think your db design is wrong ? key1 ,key2,key3 should have been unpivoted and one column called Keys and 1 more column to identify each key group.
It will be clear to you in below example.
If I am able to optimize my query then I can think of calculating many rows else I try to limit number of rows.
Also if possible you can think of keeping calculated column of Avg Price.i.e. when table is populated then you can calculate and store it.
First let us know, if output is correct or not.
DECLARE #InventoryItem AS TABLE (
IntentoryItemId INT NULL,
InventoryOrder INT,
Key1 INT NULL,
Key2 INT NULL,
Key3 INT NULL,
Quantity NUMERIC(22,9) NOT NULL,
Price NUMERIC(16,9) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO #InventoryItem (
IntentoryItemId,
InventoryOrder,
Key1,
Key2,
Key3,
Quantity,
Price
)
VALUES
(1, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1),
(2, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 2),
(3, NULL, 1, 2, 1, 10, 2),
(4, NULL, 2, 2, 1, 10, 1),
(5, NULL, 1, 2, 1, 10, 5),
(6, NULL, 1, 1, 2, 10, 3),
(7, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 10, 3),
(8, NULL, 3, 3, 1, 10, 1);
--select * from #InventoryItem
--return
;with cte as
(
select *
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Key1 ORDER BY IntentoryItemId) AS rn1
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Key2 ORDER BY IntentoryItemId) AS rn2
, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Key3 ORDER BY IntentoryItemId) AS rn3
from #InventoryItem
)
,cte1 AS (
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
Key1 keys,
Quantity,
Price
,rn1
,rn1 rn
,1 pk
FROM cte c
union ALL
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
Key2 keys,
Quantity,
Price
,rn1
,rn2 rn
,2 pk
FROM cte c
union ALL
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
Key3 keys,
Quantity,
Price
,rn1
,rn3 rn
,3 pk
FROM cte c
)
, cte2 AS (
SELECT
IntentoryItemId,
rn,
Keys,
Quantity,
Price,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), InventoryItem.Quantity) AS CurrentQuantity,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), (InventoryItem.Quantity * InventoryItem.Price)) a,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), InventoryItem.Price) b,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), (InventoryItem.Quantity * InventoryItem.Price) / NULLIF(InventoryItem.Quantity, 0)) AS AvgPrice
,pk
FROM cte1 InventoryItem
WHERE InventoryItem.rn = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT
Sub.IntentoryItemId,
sub.rn,
Sub.Keys,
Sub.Quantity,
Sub.Price,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9), Main.CurrentQuantity + Sub.Quantity) AS CurrentQuantity,
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),Main.CurrentQuantity * Main.AvgPrice),
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),Sub.Quantity * Sub.price),
CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),
((Main.CurrentQuantity * Main.AvgPrice) + (Sub.Quantity * Sub.price))
/
NULLIF(((Main.CurrentQuantity) + Sub.Quantity), 0)
) AS AvgPrice
,sub.pk
FROM CTE2 Main
INNER JOIN cte1 Sub
ON Main.Keys = Sub.Keys and main.pk=sub.pk
AND Sub.rn = main.rn + 1
--and Sub.InventoryOrder<=2
)
select *
,(select AvgPrice from cte2 c1 where pk=2 and c1.IntentoryItemId=c.IntentoryItemId ) AvgPrice2
,(select AvgPrice from cte2 c1 where pk=2 and c1.IntentoryItemId=c.IntentoryItemId ) AvgPrice3
from cte2 c
where pk=1
ORDER BY pk,rn
Alternate Solution (for Sql 2012+) and many thanks to Jason,
SELECT *
,CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),avg((Quantity * Price) / NULLIF(Quantity, 0))
OVER(PARTITION BY Key1 ORDER by IntentoryItemId ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING))AvgKey1Price
,CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),avg((Quantity * Price) / NULLIF(Quantity, 0))
OVER(PARTITION BY Key2 ORDER by IntentoryItemId ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING))AvgKey2Price
,CONVERT(NUMERIC(22,9),avg((Quantity * Price) / NULLIF(Quantity, 0))
OVER(PARTITION BY Key3 ORDER by IntentoryItemId ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING))AvgKey3Price
from #InventoryItem
order by IntentoryItemId

Answer 2

Here's how to do it in SQL Server 2012 & later...
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#TestData', 'U') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #TestData;
CREATE TABLE #TestData (
Id INT,
Key1 INT,
Key2 INT,
Key3 INT,
[Value] INT
);
INSERT #TestData(Id, Key1, Key2, Key3, Value) VALUES
(1, 1, 1, 1, 10),
(2, 1, 1, 1, 10),
(3, 1, 2, 1, 10),
(4, 2, 2, 1, 10),
(5, 1, 2, 1, 10),
(6, 1, 1, 2, 10),
(7, 1, 1, 1, 10),
(8, 3, 3, 1, 10);
--=============================================================
SELECT
td.Id, td.Key1, td.Key2, td.Key3, td.Value,
Key1Sum = SUM(td.[Value]) OVER (PARTITION BY td.Key1 ORDER BY td.Id ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING),
Key2Sum = SUM(td.[Value]) OVER (PARTITION BY td.Key2 ORDER BY td.Id ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING),
Key3Sum = SUM(td.[Value]) OVER (PARTITION BY td.Key3 ORDER BY td.Id ROWS UNBOUNDED PRECEDING)
FROM
#TestData td
ORDER BY
td.Id;
results...
Id Key1 Key2 Key3 Value Key1Sum Key2Sum Key3Sum
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
1 1 1 1 10 10 10 10
2 1 1 1 10 20 20 20
3 1 2 1 10 30 10 30
4 2 2 1 10 10 20 40
5 1 2 1 10 40 30 50
6 1 1 2 10 50 30 10
7 1 1 1 10 60 40 60
8 3 3 1 10 10 10 70