Setting ffmpeg properly in ubuntu 16.04 - c

Question

I am following this website for ffmpeg tutorial: http://dranger.com
I tried to compile the programs after setting up ffmpeg in ubuntu by looking on some online videos but none of them worked. Some times GCC gives me undefined reference error and sometimes header not found error. I looked on some of the answers on SO that said that we need to do some change in the code as the new api is not backwards compatible but still GCC gives me undefined reference error.
Here is the code that I am trying to compile:
// tutorial01.c
// Code based on a tutorial by Martin Bohme (boehme#inb.uni-luebeckREMOVETHIS.de)
// Tested on Gentoo, CVS version 5/01/07 compiled with GCC 4.1.1
// With updates from https://github.com/chelyaev/ffmpeg-tutorial
// Updates tested on:
// LAVC 54.59.100, LAVF 54.29.104, LSWS 2.1.101
// on GCC 4.7.2 in Debian February 2015
// A small sample program that shows how to use libavformat and libavcodec to
// read video from a file.
//
// Use
//
// gcc -o tutorial01 tutorial01.c -lavformat -lavcodec -lswscale -lz
//
// to build (assuming libavformat and libavcodec are correctly installed
// your system).
//
// Run using
//
// tutorial01 myvideofile.mpg
//
// to write the first five frames from "myvideofile.mpg" to disk in PPM
// format.
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// compatibility with newer API
#if LIBAVCODEC_VERSION_INT < AV_VERSION_INT(55,28,1)
#define av_frame_alloc avcodec_alloc_frame
#define av_frame_free avcodec_free_frame
#endif
void SaveFrame(AVFrame *pFrame, int width, int height, int iFrame) {
FILE *pFile;
char szFilename[32];
int y;
// Open file
sprintf(szFilename, "frame%d.ppm", iFrame);
pFile=fopen(szFilename, "wb");
if(pFile==NULL)
return;
// Write header
fprintf(pFile, "P6\n%d %d\n255\n", width, height);
// Write pixel data
for(y=0; y<height; y++)
fwrite(pFrame->data[0]+y*pFrame->linesize[0], 1, width*3, pFile);
// Close file
fclose(pFile);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
// Initalizing these to NULL prevents segfaults!
AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx = NULL;
int i, videoStream;
AVCodecContext *pCodecCtxOrig = NULL;
AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx = NULL;
AVCodec *pCodec = NULL;
AVFrame *pFrame = NULL;
AVFrame *pFrameRGB = NULL;
AVPacket packet;
int frameFinished;
int numBytes;
uint8_t *buffer = NULL;
struct SwsContext *sws_ctx = NULL;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("Please provide a movie file\n");
return -1;
}
// Register all formats and codecs
av_register_all();
// Open video file
if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx, argv[1], NULL, NULL)!=0)
return -1; // Couldn't open file
// Retrieve stream information
if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx, NULL)<0)
return -1; // Couldn't find stream information
// Dump information about file onto standard error
av_dump_format(pFormatCtx, 0, argv[1], 0);
// Find the first video stream
videoStream=-1;
for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
videoStream=i;
break;
}
if(videoStream==-1)
return -1; // Didn't find a video stream
// Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream
pCodecCtxOrig=pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec;
// Find the decoder for the video stream
pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtxOrig->codec_id);
if(pCodec==NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported codec!\n");
return -1; // Codec not found
}
// Copy context
pCodecCtx = avcodec_alloc_context3(pCodec);
if(avcodec_copy_context(pCodecCtx, pCodecCtxOrig) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't copy codec context");
return -1; // Error copying codec context
}
// Open codec
if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, NULL)<0)
return -1; // Could not open codec
// Allocate video frame
pFrame=av_frame_alloc();
// Allocate an AVFrame structure
pFrameRGB=av_frame_alloc();
if(pFrameRGB==NULL)
return -1;
// Determine required buffer size and allocate buffer
numBytes=avpicture_get_size(PIX_FMT_RGB24, pCodecCtx->width,
pCodecCtx->height);
buffer=(uint8_t *)av_malloc(numBytes*sizeof(uint8_t));
// Assign appropriate parts of buffer to image planes in pFrameRGB
// Note that pFrameRGB is an AVFrame, but AVFrame is a superset
// of AVPicture
avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)pFrameRGB, buffer, PIX_FMT_RGB24,
pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height);
// initialize SWS context for software scaling
sws_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width,
pCodecCtx->height,
pCodecCtx->pix_fmt,
pCodecCtx->width,
pCodecCtx->height,
PIX_FMT_RGB24,
SWS_BILINEAR,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL
);
// Read frames and save first five frames to disk
i=0;
while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet)>=0) {
// Is this a packet from the video stream?
if(packet.stream_index==videoStream) {
// Decode video frame
avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet);
// Did we get a video frame?
if(frameFinished) {
// Convert the image from its native format to RGB
sws_scale(sws_ctx, (uint8_t const * const *)pFrame->data,
pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height,
pFrameRGB->data, pFrameRGB->linesize);
// Save the frame to disk
if(++i<=5)
SaveFrame(pFrameRGB, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
i);
}
}
// Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
av_free_packet(&packet);
}
// Free the RGB image
av_free(buffer);
av_frame_free(&pFrameRGB);
// Free the YUV frame
av_frame_free(&pFrame);
// Close the codecs
avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
avcodec_close(pCodecCtxOrig);
// Close the video file
avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
return 0;
}
This is the command I use to compile:
gcc -o tutorial01 tutorial01.c -lavformat -lavcodec -lswscale -lz