Related
I have two tables and the values like this, `
CREATE TABLE Location (ID int ,Location Varchar(500))
INSERT INTO Location values (1,'Loc3'),(2,'Loc4'),(3,'Loc5'),(4,'Loc7')
CREATE TABLE InputLocation (ID int ,Location Varchar(500))
Insert into InputLocation values(1,'Loc1,Loc2,Loc3,Loc4,Loc5,Loc6')
I need to get the output by matching each values from table Location with table InputLocation and need to display the output whichever not matched with 2nd table, i.e Loc1,Loc2,Loc6 , I have tried some code like this and it worked But i need even simpler code, Any help would be greatly appreciated
My code :
SELECT STUFF((select ','+ Data.C1
FROM
(select
n.r.value('.', 'varchar(50)') AS C1
from InputLocation as T
cross apply (select cast('<r>'+replace(replace(Location,'&','&'), ',', '</r><r>')+'</r>' as xml)) as S(XMLCol)
cross apply S.XMLCol.nodes('r') as n(r)) DATA
WHERE data.C1 NOT IN (SELECT Location
FROM Location) for xml path('')),1,1,'') As Output
your script is ok.
Another method will be to use SPLIT String as describe here.
http://www.sqlservercentral.com/articles/Tally+Table/72993/
use [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K]
Suppose my comma seperated string won't be longer than 500 then in my custom UDF i make it 500 varchar instead of varchar(8000) in order to improve performance.
SELECT STUFF((
SELECT ',' + Data.item
FROM (
SELECT il.ID
,fn.item
FROM #InputLocation IL
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT *
FROM dbo.DelimitedSplit2K(il.Location, ',')
) fn
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM #Location L
WHERE l.Location = fn.Item
)
) data
FOR XML path('')
), 1, 1, '') AS
OUTPUT
Use recursion to avoid using slow XML Reader:
;with tmp(DataItem, Location) as (
select cast(LEFT(Location, CHARINDEX(',',Location+',')-1) as nvarchar(50)),
cast(STUFF(Location, 1, CHARINDEX(',',Location+','), '') as nvarchar(50))
from [InputLocation]
union all
select cast(LEFT(Location, CHARINDEX(',',Location+',')-1) as nvarchar(50)),
cast(STUFF(Location, 1, CHARINDEX(',',Location+','), '') as nvarchar(50))
from tmp
where Location > ''
)
select STUFF((SELECT ',' + x.Location
from (
select DataItem as Location from tmp
except Select Location from [Location]) x
FOR XML path('')), 1, 1, '') AS OUTPUT
I need help in fine-tuning this code that I write. I am new to SQL Server and I believe there are better ways to do this or perhaps some of the following codes can be simplified or fine-tuned for performances or saving memory resources.
Basically, I have this XML data :
<table_result id="001" subj_cd="cdaaa" grade="b" name="Phua Chu Kang"/>
and I want to create a table which looks like this from that XML data
Please note on the following points :
SplitThis is not a built in function (check the code below).
The data can have space, but delimited by ". Do note as well that the XML data can have varying number of fields-data pairs for that particular given table - referred as #dummy in the following codes. i.e. example XML data above have 4 fields (id, subj_cd, grade, name) and the next XML data could have 5 fields (i.e. id, name, occupation, phone_no, address). In the following code, #table_result is created to match the example XML data for easier demonstration. In other words, the table structures are known..so I can ignore the field names from the XML data and focus on extracting the data itself.
The code ran well on SQL Server 2012 (you can copy and paste run code directly) and I am able to get as above. I just need to fine tune this, if possible. I have include line like this : - - test blabla. You can uncomment that and try. I could use enhancements such as in term of avoiding the number of temp tables used or any ways to replace the use of row_number() in the code.
/* remove all temp tables */
declare #sql varchar(5000)
SELECT #sql = isnull(#sql+';', '') + 'drop table ' + SUBSTRING(t.name, 1, CHARINDEX('___', t.name)-1)
FROM tempdb..sysobjects AS t
WHERE t.name LIKE '#%[_][_][_]%'
AND t.id =OBJECT_ID('tempdb..' + SUBSTRING(t.name, 1, CHARINDEX('___', t.name)-1));
exec (#sql)
/* end */
/* function */
drop function splitthis
go
create function splitthis(#separator char(1), #list varchar(max))
returns #returntable table(item nvarchar(max))
as
begin
declare #index int
declare #newtext varchar(max)
if #list = null
return
set #index = charindex(#separator, #list)
while not(#index = 0)
begin
set #newtext = rtrim(ltrim(left(#list, #index - 1)))
set #list = right(#list, len(#list) - #index)
insert into #returntable(item) values(#newtext)
set #index = charindex(#separator, #list)
end
insert into #returntable(item) values(rtrim(ltrim(#list)))
update #returntable set item='' where item is null
return
end
go
/* end of function */
/* create dummy tables */
create table #table_result
(id nvarchar(max), subj_cd nvarchar(max), grade nvarchar(max), name nvarchar(max))
create table #dummy (name nvarchar(max), data nvarchar(max))
insert into #dummy
values ('a', '<table_result id="001" subj_cd="cdaaa" grade="b" name="phua chu kang"/>');
--test : select * from #dummy
/* remove the fist non-data opening tag */
declare #record nvarchar(max)
select #record = data from #dummy where name = 'a'
select *, null as temp into #tempb from splitthis(' ',#record)
select *, row_number() over (order by temp) count into #tempc from #tempb
select item into #tempd from #tempc where #tempc.count>1
-- test : select * from #tempd
/* get the actual field & data into a single column table */
declare #temp varchar(max)
set #temp=''select #temp=#temp+' ' + item from #tempd
select *, null as temp into #tempe from splitthis('"',#temp)
select *, row_number() over (order by temp) count into #tempf from #tempe
select item, count into #tempg from #tempf
--test : select * from #tempg
/* prepare the data table */
select
case when #tempg.count % 2 = 0
then item
else null
end as data
into #temph
from #tempg
select data, null as temp into #tempi from #temph
select data, row_number() over (order by temp) count into #data from #tempi
where data is not null
--test : select * from #data
/* prepare the field table. */
select name, null as temp into #tempj
from tempdb.sys.columns where object_id=object_id('tempdb..#table_result');
select *, row_number() over (order by temp) count into #field from #tempj
--test : select * from #field
/* get the final table */
select a.name as field, b.data from #field a
left join #data b on a.count=b.count
This is - using XML methods - much easier!
Try this:
DECLARE #xml XML='<table_result id="001" subj_cd="cdaaa" grade="b" name="Phua Chu Kang"/>';
SELECT One.Attr.value('fn:local-name(.)','varchar(max)') AS field
,One.Attr.value('.','varchar(max)') AS data
FROM #xml.nodes('table_result/#*') AS One(Attr)
The result
field data
id 001
subj_cd cdaaa
grade b
name Phua Chu Kang
Now I try to imitate your table structure (I'd recommend to store the data as XML from the beginning! In this case you could omit the first CROSS APPLY with the CAST ... AS XML):
DECLARE #tbl TABLE(name VARCHAR(10),data VARCHAR(MAX));
INSERT INTO #tbl VALUES
('a','<table_result id="001" subj_cd="cdaaa" grade="b" name="Phua Chu Kang"/>')
,('b','<Another test="test data" test2="test2 data"/>')
,('c','<OneMore x="x data" y="y data" z="z data"/>');
SELECT tbl.name
,One.Attr.value('fn:local-name(..)','varchar(max)') AS element
,One.Attr.value('fn:local-name(.)','varchar(max)') AS field
,One.Attr.value('.','varchar(max)') AS data
FROM #tbl AS tbl
CROSS APPLY(SELECT CAST(tbl.data AS XML)) AS MyData(AsXml)
CROSS APPLY MyData.AsXml.nodes('*/#*') AS One(Attr)
The result
name element field data
a table_result id 001
a table_result subj_cd cdaaa
a table_result grade b
a table_result name Phua Chu Kang
b Another test test data
b Another test2 test2 data
c OneMore x x data
c OneMore y y data
c OneMore z z data
Now, I'm not at all very good with T-SQL XML, but can't you just do it like this:
create table #dummy (name nvarchar(max), data xml);
insert into #dummy
values ('a', '<table_result id="001" subj_cd="cdaaa" grade="b" name="phua chu kang"/>');
select 'id' "field",
elem.value('#id', 'nvarchar(50)') "data"
from #dummy
cross apply data.nodes('/table_result') tbl(elem)
union all
select 'subj_cd' "field",
elem.value('#subj_cd', 'nvarchar(50)') "data"
from #dummy
cross apply data.nodes('/table_result') tbl(elem)
union all
select 'grade' "field",
elem.value('#grade', 'nvarchar(50)') "data"
from #dummy
cross apply data.nodes('/table_result') tbl(elem)
union all
select 'name' "field",
elem.value('#name', 'nvarchar(50)') "data"
from #dummy
cross apply data.nodes('/table_result') tbl(elem);
Notice that I changed the data type for #dummy.data to be xml. That's required to be able to use the XML functions.
How do I get:
id Name Value
1 A 4
1 B 8
2 C 9
to
id Column
1 A:4, B:8
2 C:9
No CURSOR, WHILE loop, or User-Defined Function needed.
Just need to be creative with FOR XML and PATH.
[Note: This solution only works on SQL 2005 and later. Original question didn't specify the version in use.]
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
If it is SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server Vnext, SQL Azure you can use STRING_AGG as below:
SELECT id, STRING_AGG(CONCAT(name, ':', [value]), ', ')
FROM #YourTable
GROUP BY id
using XML path will not perfectly concatenate as you might expect... it will replace "&" with "&" and will also mess with <" and ">
...maybe a few other things, not sure...but you can try this
I came across a workaround for this... you need to replace:
FOR XML PATH('')
)
with:
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
...or NVARCHAR(MAX) if thats what youre using.
why the hell doesn't SQL have a concatenate aggregate function? this is a PITA.
I ran into a couple of problems when I tried converting Kevin Fairchild's suggestion to work with strings containing spaces and special XML characters (&, <, >) which were encoded.
The final version of my code (which doesn't answer the original question but may be useful to someone) looks like this:
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] VARCHAR(MAX), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'Oranges & Lemons',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'1 < 2',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT [ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + CAST([Name] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
/* Use .value to uncomment XML entities e.g. > < etc*/
).value('.','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') as NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Rather than using a space as a delimiter and replacing all the spaces with commas, it just pre-pends a comma and space to each value then uses STUFF to remove the first two characters.
The XML encoding is taken care of automatically by using the TYPE directive.
Another option using Sql Server 2005 and above
---- test data
declare #t table (OUTPUTID int, SCHME varchar(10), DESCR varchar(10))
insert #t select 1125439 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1125439 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'pn','Approved'
---- actual query
;with cte(outputid,combined,rn)
as
(
select outputid, SCHME + ' ('+DESCR+')', rn=ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION by outputid order by schme, descr)
from #t
)
,cte2(outputid,finalstatus,rn)
as
(
select OUTPUTID, convert(varchar(max),combined), 1 from cte where rn=1
union all
select cte2.outputid, convert(varchar(max),cte2.finalstatus+', '+cte.combined), cte2.rn+1
from cte2
inner join cte on cte.OUTPUTID = cte2.outputid and cte.rn=cte2.rn+1
)
select outputid, MAX(finalstatus) from cte2 group by outputid
Install the SQLCLR Aggregates from http://groupconcat.codeplex.com
Then you can write code like this to get the result you asked for:
CREATE TABLE foo
(
id INT,
name CHAR(1),
Value CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO dbo.foo
(id, name, Value)
VALUES (1, 'A', '4'),
(1, 'B', '8'),
(2, 'C', '9');
SELECT id,
dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(name + ':' + Value) AS [Column]
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY id;
Eight years later... Microsoft SQL Server vNext Database Engine has finally enhanced Transact-SQL to directly support grouped string concatenation. The Community Technical Preview version 1.0 added the STRING_AGG function and CTP 1.1 added the WITHIN GROUP clause for the STRING_AGG function.
Reference: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt775028.aspx
SQL Server 2005 and later allow you to create your own custom aggregate functions, including for things like concatenation- see the sample at the bottom of the linked article.
This is just an addition to Kevin Fairchild's post (very clever by the way). I would have added it as a comment, but I don't have enough points yet :)
I was using this idea for a view I was working on, however the items I was concatinating contained spaces. So I modified the code slightly to not use spaces as delimiters.
Again thanks for the cool workaround Kevin!
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ( [ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT )
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'A', 4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'B', 8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (2, 'C', 9)
SELECT [ID],
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(SELECT [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) as A
FROM #YourTable
WHERE ( ID = Results.ID )
FOR XML PATH (''))
, '</A><A>', ', ')
,'<A>','')
,'</A>','') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
An example would be
In Oracle you can use LISTAGG aggregate function.
Original records
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2
name2 type3
Sql
SELECT name, LISTAGG(type, '; ') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY name)
FROM table
GROUP BY name
Result in
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2; type3
This kind of question is asked here very often, and the solution is going to depend a lot on the underlying requirements:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+pivot
and
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+concatenate
Typically, there is no SQL-only way to do this without either dynamic sql, a user-defined function, or a cursor.
Just to add to what Cade said, this is usually a front-end display thing and should therefore be handled there. I know that sometimes it's easier to write something 100% in SQL for things like file export or other "SQL only" solutions, but most of the times this concatenation should be handled in your display layer.
Don't need a cursor... a while loop is sufficient.
------------------------------
-- Setup
------------------------------
DECLARE #Source TABLE
(
id int,
Name varchar(30),
Value int
)
DECLARE #Target TABLE
(
id int,
Result varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'A', 4
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'B', 8
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 2, 'C', 9
------------------------------
-- Technique
------------------------------
INSERT INTO #Target (id)
SELECT id
FROM #Source
GROUP BY id
DECLARE #id int, #Result varchar(max)
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target)
WHILE #id is not null
BEGIN
SET #Result = null
SELECT #Result =
CASE
WHEN #Result is null
THEN ''
ELSE #Result + ', '
END + s.Name + ':' + convert(varchar(30),s.Value)
FROM #Source s
WHERE id = #id
UPDATE #Target
SET Result = #Result
WHERE id = #id
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target WHERE #id < id)
END
SELECT *
FROM #Target
Let's get very simple:
SELECT stuff(
(
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, '')
Replace this line:
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
With your query.
You can improve performance significant the following way if group by contains mostly one item:
SELECT
[ID],
CASE WHEN MAX( [Name]) = MIN( [Name]) THEN
MAX( [Name]) NameValues
ELSE
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
END
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
didn't see any cross apply answers, also no need for xml extraction. Here is a slightly different version of what Kevin Fairchild wrote. It's faster and easier to use in more complex queries:
select T.ID
,MAX(X.cl) NameValues
from #YourTable T
CROSS APPLY
(select STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = T.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''))
,1,2,'') [cl]) X
GROUP BY T.ID
Using the Stuff and for xml path operator to concatenate rows to string :Group By two columns -->
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',5)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
-- retrieve each unique id and name columns and concatonate the values into one column
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES EACH APPLICATION : VALUE SET
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
SELECT
[ID],[Name] , --these are acting as the group by clause
STUFF((
SELECT ', '+ CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES THE VALUES FOR EACH ID NAME COMBINATION
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID, name
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Using Replace Function and FOR JSON PATH
SELECT T3.DEPT, REPLACE(REPLACE(T3.ENAME,'{"ENAME":"',''),'"}','') AS ENAME_LIST
FROM (
SELECT DEPT, (SELECT ENAME AS [ENAME]
FROM EMPLOYEE T2
WHERE T2.DEPT=T1.DEPT
FOR JSON PATH,WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER) ENAME
FROM EMPLOYEE T1
GROUP BY DEPT) T3
For sample data and more ways click here
If you have clr enabled you could use the Group_Concat library from GitHub
Another example without the garbage: ",TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')"
WITH t AS (
SELECT 1 n, 1 g, 1 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 n, 1 g, 2 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 3 n, 2 g, 3 v
)
SELECT g
, STUFF (
(
SELECT ', ' + CAST(v AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM t sub_t
WHERE sub_t.g = main_t.g
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, ''
) cg
FROM t main_t
GROUP BY g
Input-output is
************************* -> *********************
* n * g * v * * g * cg *
* - * - * - * * - * - *
* 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1, 2 *
* 2 * 1 * 2 * * 2 * 3 *
* 3 * 2 * 3 * *********************
*************************
I used this approach which may be easier to grasp. Get a root element, then concat to choices any item with the same ID but not the 'official' name
Declare #IdxList as Table(id int, choices varchar(max),AisName varchar(255))
Insert into #IdxLIst(id,choices,AisName)
Select IdxId,''''+Max(Title)+'''',Max(Title) From [dbo].[dta_Alias]
where IdxId is not null group by IdxId
Update #IdxLIst
set choices=choices +','''+Title+''''
From #IdxLIst JOIN [dta_Alias] ON id=IdxId And Title <> AisName
where IdxId is not null
Select * from #IdxList where choices like '%,%'
For all my healthcare folks out there:
SELECT
s.NOTE_ID
,STUFF ((
SELECT
[note_text] + ' '
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s1
WHERE
(s1.NOTE_ID = s.NOTE_ID)
ORDER BY [line] ASC
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,
1,
2,
'') AS NOTE_TEXT_CONCATINATED
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s
GROUP BY NOTE_ID
The problem that I need to resolve is data transfer from one table with many dynamic fields into other structured key value table.
The first table comes from a data export from another system, and has the following structure ( it can have any column name and data):
[UserID],[FirstName],[LastName],[Email],[How was your day],[Would you like to receive weekly newsletter],[Confirm that you are 18+] ...
The second table is where I want to put the data, and it has the following structure:
[UserID uniqueidentifier],[QuestionText nvarchar(500)],[Question Answer nvarchar(max)]
I saw many examples showing how to unpivot table, but my problem is that I dont know what columns the Table 1 will have. Can I somehow dynamically unpivot the first table,so no matter what columns it has, it is converted into a key-value structure and import the data into the second table.
I will really appreciate your help with this.
You can't pivot or unpivot in one query without knowing the columns.
What you can do, assuming you have privileges, is query sys.columns to get the field names of your source table then build an unpivot query dynamically.
--Source table
create table MyTable (
id int,
Field1 nvarchar(10),
Field2 nvarchar(10),
Field3 nvarchar(10)
);
insert into MyTable (id, Field1, Field2, Field3) values ( 1, 'aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc' );
insert into MyTable (id, Field1, Field2, Field3) values ( 2, 'eee', 'fff', 'ggg' );
insert into MyTable (id, Field1, Field2, Field3) values ( 3, 'hhh', 'iii', 'jjj' );
--key/value table
create table MyValuesTable (
id int,
[field] sysname,
[value] nvarchar(10)
);
declare #columnString nvarchar(max)
--This recursive CTE examines the source table's columns excluding
--the 'id' column explicitly and builds a string of column names
--like so: '[Field1], [Field2], [Field3]'.
;with columnNames as (
select column_id, name
from sys.columns
where object_id = object_id('MyTable','U')
and name <> 'id'
),
columnString (id, string) as (
select
2, cast('' as nvarchar(max))
union all
select
b.id + 1, b.string + case when b.string = '' then '' else ', ' end + '[' + a.name + ']'
from
columnNames a
join columnString b on b.id = a.column_id
)
select top 1 #columnString = string from columnString order by id desc
--Now I build a query around the column names which unpivots the source and inserts into the key/value table.
declare #sql nvarchar(max)
set #sql = '
insert MyValuestable
select id, field, value
from
(select * from MyTable) b
unpivot
(value for field in (' + #columnString + ')) as unpvt'
--Query's ready to run.
exec (#sql)
select * from MyValuesTable
In case you're getting your source data from a stored procedure, you can use OPENROWSET to get the data into a table, then examine that table's column names. This link shows how to do that part.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/1228165/300242
Final note: If you use a temporary table, remember that you get the column names from tempdb.sys.columns like so:
select column_id, name
from tempdb.sys.columns
where object_id = object_id('tempdb..#MyTable','U')
This question already has answers here:
How to concatenate text from multiple rows into a single text string in SQL Server
(47 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
If I issue SELECT username FROM Users I get this result:
username
--------
Paul
John
Mary
but what I really need is one row with all the values separated by comma, like this:
Paul, John, Mary
How do I do this?
select
distinct
stuff((
select ',' + u.username
from users u
where u.username = username
order by u.username
for xml path('')
),1,1,'') as userlist
from users
group by username
had a typo before, the above works
This should work for you. Tested all the way back to SQL 2000.
create table #user (username varchar(25))
insert into #user (username) values ('Paul')
insert into #user (username) values ('John')
insert into #user (username) values ('Mary')
declare #tmp varchar(250)
SET #tmp = ''
select #tmp = #tmp + username + ', ' from #user
select SUBSTRING(#tmp, 0, LEN(#tmp))
good review of several approaches:
http://blogs.msmvps.com/robfarley/2007/04/07/coalesce-is-not-the-answer-to-string-concatentation-in-t-sql/
Article copy -
Coalesce is not the answer to string concatentation in T-SQL I've seen many posts over the years about using the COALESCE function to get string concatenation working in T-SQL. This is one of the examples here (borrowed from Readifarian Marc Ridey).
DECLARE #categories varchar(200)
SET #categories = NULL
SELECT #categories = COALESCE(#categories + ',','') + Name
FROM Production.ProductCategory
SELECT #categories
This query can be quite effective, but care needs to be taken, and the use of COALESCE should be properly understood. COALESCE is the version of ISNULL which can take more than two parameters. It returns the first thing in the list of parameters which is not null. So really it has nothing to do with concatenation, and the following piece of code is exactly the same - without using COALESCE:
DECLARE #categories varchar(200)
SET #categories = ''
SELECT #categories = #categories + ',' + Name
FROM Production.ProductCategory
SELECT #categories
But the unordered nature of databases makes this unreliable. The whole reason why T-SQL doesn't (yet) have a concatenate function is that this is an aggregate for which the order of elements is important. Using this variable-assignment method of string concatenation, you may actually find that the answer that gets returned doesn't have all the values in it, particularly if you want the substrings put in a particular order. Consider the following, which on my machine only returns ',Accessories', when I wanted it to return ',Bikes,Clothing,Components,Accessories':
DECLARE #categories varchar(200)
SET #categories = NULL
SELECT #categories = COALESCE(#categories + ',','') + Name
FROM Production.ProductCategory
ORDER BY LEN(Name)
SELECT #categories
Far better is to use a method which does take order into consideration, and which has been included in SQL2005 specifically for the purpose of string concatenation - FOR XML PATH('')
SELECT ',' + Name
FROM Production.ProductCategory
ORDER BY LEN(Name)
FOR XML PATH('')
In the post I made recently comparing GROUP BY and DISTINCT when using subqueries, I demonstrated the use of FOR XML PATH(''). Have a look at this and you'll see how it works in a subquery. The 'STUFF' function is only there to remove the leading comma.
USE tempdb;
GO
CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT, NAME VARCHAR(MAX));
INSERT t1 values (1,'Jamie');
INSERT t1 values (1,'Joe');
INSERT t1 values (1,'John');
INSERT t1 values (2,'Sai');
INSERT t1 values (2,'Sam');
GO
select
id,
stuff((
select ',' + t.[name]
from t1 t
where t.id = t1.id
order by t.[name]
for xml path('')
),1,1,'') as name_csv
from t1
group by id
;
FOR XML PATH is one of the only situations in which you can use ORDER BY in a subquery. The other is TOP. And when you use an unnamed column and FOR XML PATH(''), you will get a straight concatenation, with no XML tags. This does mean that the strings will be HTML Encoded, so if you're concatenating strings which may have the < character (etc), then you should maybe fix that up afterwards, but either way, this is still the best way of concatenating strings in SQL Server 2005.
building on mwigdahls answer. if you also need to do grouping here is how to get it to look like
group, csv
'group1', 'paul, john'
'group2', 'mary'
--drop table #user
create table #user (groupName varchar(25), username varchar(25))
insert into #user (groupname, username) values ('apostles', 'Paul')
insert into #user (groupname, username) values ('apostles', 'John')
insert into #user (groupname, username) values ('family','Mary')
select
g1.groupname
, stuff((
select ', ' + g.username
from #user g
where g.groupName = g1.groupname
order by g.username
for xml path('')
),1,2,'') as name_csv
from #user g1
group by g1.groupname
You can use this query to do the above task:
DECLARE #test NVARCHAR(max)
SELECT #test = COALESCE(#test + ',', '') + field2 FROM #test
SELECT field2 = #test
For detail and step by step explanation visit the following link
http://oops-solution.blogspot.com/2011/11/sql-server-convert-table-column-data.html
DECLARE #EmployeeList varchar(100)
SELECT #EmployeeList = COALESCE(#EmployeeList + ', ', '') +
CAST(Emp_UniqueID AS varchar(5))
FROM SalesCallsEmployees
WHERE SalCal_UniqueID = 1
SELECT #EmployeeList
source:
http://www.sqlteam.com/article/using-coalesce-to-build-comma-delimited-string
In SQLite this is simpler. I think there are similar implementations for MySQL, MSSql and Orable
CREATE TABLE Beatles (id integer, name string );
INSERT INTO Beatles VALUES (1, "Paul");
INSERT INTO Beatles VALUES (2, "John");
INSERT INTO Beatles VALUES (3, "Ringo");
INSERT INTO Beatles VALUES (4, "George");
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(name, ',') FROM Beatles;
you can use stuff() to convert rows as comma separated values
select
EmployeeID,
stuff((
SELECT ',' + FPProjectMaster.GroupName
FROM FPProjectInfo AS t INNER JOIN
FPProjectMaster ON t.ProjectID = FPProjectMaster.ProjectID
WHERE (t.EmployeeID = FPProjectInfo.EmployeeID)
And t.STatusID = 1
ORDER BY t.ProjectID
for xml path('')
),1,1,'') as name_csv
from FPProjectInfo
group by EmployeeID;
Thanks #AlexKuznetsov for the reference to get this answer.
A clean and flexible solution in MS SQL Server 2005/2008 is to create a CLR Agregate function.
You'll find quite a few articles (with code) on google.
It looks like this article walks you through the whole process using C#.
If you're executing this through PHP, what about this?
$hQuery = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users");
while($hRow = mysql_fetch_array($hQuery)) {
$hOut .= $hRow['username'] . ", ";
}
$hOut = substr($hOut, 0, strlen($hOut) - 1);
echo $hOut;