Powershell Array - arrays

I’m trying to get multiple users first and last name to be converted into a format: first initial+ last name while using a GUI input box. My code is wrong and it keeps the first array letter and won’t remove it to allow the other inputs to do the same task. I tried the Remove to help remove the fixed size array. Didn’t work. I read that I must create another array to remove from the first array. This is where I’m stuck. How do I make the second array delete the first entry while keeping the same variables if possible - I want to enter X number of names into the input box and run other other task for each user.
right now the results are the following:
jblank
jeric
jbob
Im trying to get
jblank,enewnew,bmo
help please. thank you
Add-Type –assemblyName Microsoft.VisualBasic
Add-Type –assemblyName System.Windows.Forms
$User = "joe blank, eric newnew, bob mo" #
[Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction]::InputBox("Enter Employee name or
names.`nSeparate with a comma (,) or semi-colon (;).`n ** Do not add
quotation marks **", "Search book")
If (-Not [System.String]::IsNullOrEmpty($User)) {
[string[]]$Username = $User -split ",|;"
ForEach ($User in $Username) {
#Write-host $User -ForegroundColor Yellow
$Fname = $User.Split(" ")[0].trim()
$Lname = $User.Split(" ")[1].trim()
#initials
$In = $FName
$InRM = $In.Remove(1)
$unID = $InRM+$LName # intials done
$newID = #()
foreach ($u in $User)
{
if ($User -ne 0)
{
Write-Host "Remove [0] here or something like that eq to $unID again"
}
}
Write-Host $unID -foregroundcolor "green"
## Do more stuff here for each user ##

Do you think at something like that?
$User = "joe blank, eric newnew, bob mo"
#define arry for later
$SortUser = #()
#split users from textbox
$Users = #($User.Split(","))
#loop users
foreach($i in $Users){
if($i.Substring(0,1) -eq " "){
#remove space which make problems
$i = $i.Remove(0,1)
}
$Split = $i.Split(" ")
$First = $Split[0]
$Last = $Split[1]
$FirstLetter = $First.Remove(1,$First.Length - 1)
#Add all informations to object
$obj = New-Object PSCustomObject
$obj | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -name First -Value $First
$obj | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -name Last -Value $Last
$obj | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -name Username -Value "$FirstLetter.$Last"
#fill all objects in one array
$SortUser += $obj
}
$SortUser
Result:
First Last Username
----- ---- --------
joe blank j.blank
eric newnew e.newnew
bob mo b.mo

Related

Adding array elements to a PSObject

Preface: I haven't any formal training with script writing. So I'm sure many of you will be banging you head against the table wondering what I'm doing.
I am working to gather information on our current catalog of Teams sites, and respective site owners. I have a PS script to gather the list of sites, then it loops through each site to get list of owners. After I gather that owner list (stored in a var) I loop through that var to get the user name and store each user name in an array as a new element. That element is then used later when adding a new member to a PSObject so I can export the results to a CSV. Here's a bit of the code;
#Var's
$Count = 1
$TSO = New-Object PSObject
$SiteOwner = #("SiteOwner0","SiteOwner1","SiteOwner2","SiteOwner3","SiteOwner4","SiteOwner5","SiteOwner6","SiteOwner7") #Array to create column headers in the CSV
#STEP 1: Get a list of the sites
$Sites = get-team | sort-object DisplayName
#STEP 2: Get a list of the owners of the different sites
FOREACH ($i in $Sites){
$h = Get-TeamUser -GroupID $i.GroupID | Where {$_.role -eq "Owner"}
$Count += 1
Write-Host . -ForeGroundColor "Cyan" -NoNewLine
#Add the new columns to $TSO
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "SiteName" -Value $i.DisplayName -Force
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "GroupOwner" -Value $i.Description -Force
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Visibility" -Value $i.Visibility -Force
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Archived" -Value $i.Archived -Force
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "SiteEmail" -Value $i.MailNickname -Force
#loop through each member to discover the assigned role
FOREACH ($o in $h){
Write-Host . -ForeGroundColor "Cyan" -NoNewLine
#Build the dynamics of the owners before passing to $TSO
$OHolder += $o.user
} #END NESTED FOREACH
#Handle BLANK elements in the $OHolder array
#The number 8 is the number of array elements we need a value for
$Comp = 0
While($Comp -lt 8){
If($OHolder[$Comp] -ne $null){
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $SiteOwner[$Comp] -Value $OHolder[$Comp] -Force
}
ELSEIF(-not ($OHolder[$Comp])){
$OHolder[$Comp] = "NA"
$TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $SiteOwner[$Comp] -Value $OHolder[$Comp] -Force
}
#Increment the $Comp
$Comp += 1
}#END WHILE
#Resetting the $Comp outside the loop
$Comp = 0
#************* END STEP 2 *************************
#Squirt out the info to a CSV
$TSO | Export-CSV -Path $OPathOut -NoTypeInformation -Append -Force
#Reset the $OHOLDER Array
$OHolder = #()
} #END FOREACH
My problem is this; When adding the site owner to the PSObject for siteowner ($TSO | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $SiteOwner[$Comp] -Value $OHolder[$Comp] -Force) it's counting each character of the value as an element.
For example: $OHolder will have two elements, $OHolder[0] is supposed to equal "doe#domain.com" and $OHolder[1] is suppose to equal "john#domain.com". What actually happens is the length of the array becomes 29 (for each character) rather than 2.
How can I add the users to the PSObject as intended? Right now the output will have:
SiteOwner0 | SiteOwner1 | SiteOwner2
d | o | e
# |d |o
Do not use += to add items to an array. It is inefficient if the arrays become large. A new array is created each time after the current array contents are read into memory. You can simply output each item inside of the foreach and assign the array variable to the foreach output.
$OHolder = #(FOREACH ($o in $h){
Write-Host . -ForeGroundColor "Cyan" -NoNewLine
#Build the dynamics of the owners before passing to $TSO
$o.user # Output
})
In the simplistic example above, a loop is likely not even necessary as $OHolder = ,$h.user should suffice in PowerShell v3+.
You are not defining $OHolder variable before using += operator.
By default powershell seems to define a string variable in this case.
$undefVar = $null
$undefVar += "test"
$undefVar += "some"
# content of $undefVar is now testsome
Try to move $OHolder = #() before the loop FOREACH ($o in $h){

Update different arrays via a common function

I'm currently making a Powershell script that will analyze multiple log files from a mail server to gather various statistics that will be stored in a number of different arrays.
I have the following code snippet as an example of updating one of the arrays.
#Update arrays
#Overall array
$objNewValue = New-Object -TypeName PSObject
$objNewValue = $PSOSSLOverall | Where-Object {($_.Version -contains $strVersion -and $_.Cipher -contains $strCipher -and $_.Bits -contains $strBits)}
If ($objNewValue -ne $null) {
try {
Write-Verbose "$strVersion $strCipher $strBits is already in the array, so we'll update TimeSeen value"
$objNewValue.TimesSeen++
$objNewValue.LastSeen = $dtTimestamp
} #try
catch {
Write-Host "Something whent wrong while attempting to update an existing object in the overall array" -BackgroundColor DarkRed
Write-Host "Current line: $strtemp[$i]"
Write-Host "Current values: $dtTimestamp <-> $strVersion <-> $strCipher <-> $strBits"
Write-Host "Current array:"
$PSOSSLOverall | Sort-Object -Property Version, Cipher -Descending | Format-Table -AutoSize
Write-Host "Exception object:"
$_
} #catch
} #If Check for existence in Overall array
Else {
try {
Write-Verbose "$strVersion $strCipher $strBits is not in the array, so it will be added "
$objNewValue = New-Object -TypeName PSObject
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'Version' -Value $strVersion
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'Cipher' -Value $strCipher
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'Bits' -Value $strBits
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'TimesSeen' -Value 1
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'Percentage' -Value 0
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'FirstSeen' -Value $dtTimestamp
Add-Member -InputObject $objNewValue -MemberType 'NoteProperty' -Name 'LastSeen' -Value $dtTimestamp
$PSOSSLOverall += $objNewValue
} #try
catch {
Write-Host "Something whent wrong while attempting to add a new object to the overall array"
Write-Host "Current line: $strtemp[$i]"
Write-Host "Current values: $dtTimestamp <-> $strVersion <-> $strCipher <-> $strBits"
Write-Host "Exception object:"
$_
} #catch
} #Else Check for existence in Overall array
However, when I have up to 10 or more arrays that I need to update, the result will be a lot of similar code as there's only relatively few lines that change each time - like the array being updated, the where clause, the variables used and number of columns in the arrays.
Would it be possible to create a function that can handle updating the different arrays?
Thanks in advance.
-Update-
To explain the code snippet above: All the variables are already set before this part of the script is run. $strtemp[$i] is actually where all the data comes from as that the current line in the log file from which I then extract the needed data and place it in various variables.
First I search the array in question, which in this case is $PSOSSLOverall, to see if the data from the current line is already in the array. If $objNewValue is not null, then the data is already there, and I then increment a counter and update a date stamp for that "row" of data. If $objNewValue is null, then the data is not already there, and then we added a now object (row) to the array with the data from various variables.
Each attempt is equipped with try/catch section for error handling.
The end result will be an array that looks like this (the percentage column is calculated elsewhere):
The other arrays have various number of columns, which I what I guess makes it difficult to make a common function to update them.
I have found myself in a similar situation once or twice. You'll have to refactor your code, converting inflexible static definitions into parameter variables. The idea is to separate the data from program logic so you can do something like pass a different set of attribute names and values into the same function for different circumstances.
Here were a couple places I found to improve flexibility:
Parameterize the Where-Object expressions used to find matching records so you don't write the same code for each combination of columns and values. See hasPropertyValues below. All it does is perform an -and concatenated -contains operation on each name-value pair you pass to it.
Parameterize the data you want changed for each eventuality. Your code does something when it finds matching records and when it finds no matching records. Pull those actions out of the script body and into an input parameter that can change when you're done working with the encryption dataset and have to move onto another. The UpdateRecords function takes hashtable parameters defining the shape of the data when new records are added and when matching records are found.
See below for the example. I think you can adapt some of the ideas in here to your code.
# this is a convenience function allowing us to test multiple name-value pairs against an object
function hasPropertyValues {
Param(
[object] $inputObject,
[hashtable] $properties
)
$result = $true
foreach($name in $properties.Keys){
$result = $result -and ($inputObject.$name -contains $properties[$name])
}
Write-Output $result
}
# this function evaluates each object in $inputDataset
# if an object matches the name-values defined in $matchProperties
# it updates the records according to $updateRecordProperties
# if no records are found which match $matchProperties
# a new object is created with the properties in both $matchProperties
# and $newRecordProperties
# All results are written to the pipeline, including unmodified objects
function UpdateRecords{
Param (
[object[]] $inputDataset,
[hashtable] $matchProperties,
[hashtable] $updateRecordProperties,
[hashtable] $newRecordProperties
)
$numberOfMatchingRecords = 0
foreach ($record in $inputDataset){
if ( hasPropertyValues -inputObject $record -properties $matchProperties) {
# a record with matching property values found.
# Update required attributes
$numberOfMatchingRecords++
foreach($name in $updateRecordProperties.Keys){
if ($updateRecordProperties[$name] -is 'ScriptBlock'){
# if the update is a scriptblock, we invoke the scriptblock
# passing the record as input. The result of the invocation
# will be set as the new attribute value
$newValue = & $updateRecordProperties[$name] $record
} else {
$newValue = $updateRecordProperties[$name]
}
$record | Add-Member -Force -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $name -Value $newValue
}
}
Write-Output $record
}
if ($numberOfMatchingRecords -eq 0) {
# no records found with the search parameters
$newRecord = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property $newRecordProperties
foreach($key in $matchProperties.Keys){
$newRecord | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $key -Value $matchProperties[$key] -Force
}
Write-Output $newRecord
}
}
[object[]] $TestDataset= #(New-Object psobject -Property #{
version='TLSv1.2'
cipher='ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384'
Bits=256
TimesSeen = 1833
Percentage = 87578
FirstSeen = [DateTime]::Now
LastSeen = [DateTime]::Now
})
function TestUpdateRecords{
$encryptionNewRecordDefaults = #{
TimesSeen = 1
Percentage = 0
FirstSeen = [DateTime]::Now
LastSeen = [DateTime]::Now
}
$encryptionUpdateAttributes = #{
LastSeen = [DateTime]::Now
TimesSeen = {$ARGS[0].TimesSeen + 1}
}
# test adding a new record
UpdateRecords -inputDataset $TestDataset `
-matchProperties #{ Version='TLSv1.0';cipher='unbreakable';bits=720} `
-updateRecordProperties $encryptionUpdateAttributes `
-newRecordProperties $encryptionNewRecordDefaults
# test modifying a matching record
UpdateRecords -inputDataset $things `
-matchProperties #{Version='TLSv1.2';cipher='ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';bits=256} `
-updateRecordProperties $encryptionUpdateAttributes `
-newRecordProperties $encryptionNewRecordDefaults
}
TestUpdateRecords
There are a lot of different ways to implement this kind of refactoring. You could, for instance, extract dataset-specific logic into scriptblocks and pass these to your main loop function.
Another possibility is to dig into the object-oriented features of PowerShell and try to build classes around each of your datasets. This could encapsulate the 'Update' and 'New' actions in a pleasant way. I'm not yet literate enough in powershell OO features to try.

Powershell - foreach to array as job (local / multi-threaded)

I'm trying to parse a site to collect price and product details. The script works in a loop however it's very slow. So I'm trying to run a multi-threaded powershell script as a job.
I've tried a lot of suggestions but I'm struggling to get the results out even though I can see its working (the web-request screen flashing up)
I'm only selecting the last 10 but I'll put in a throttle later. Just can't get it to output. Essentially I'd like all results to flow back into $arr.
#Import Danmurphy Sitelist
[xml] $XmlDocument = (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://www.example.com/sites.xml")
#get websites listed
$ImportedProducts = $XmlDocument.DocumentElement.url | select -Last 10
"Killing existing jobs . . ."
Get-Job | Remove-Job -Force
"Done."
#loop through the products
#Create Array
$arr = #()
#$argumentlist
#ScriptBlock
$ScriptBlock = {
Param($product,$arr)
if ($product.loc -like "http://www.example.com/product/*"){
$uri = $product.loc
$WebResponse = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $uri -SessionVariable WS
#mainpricetest
$mainprice = $WebResponse.AllElements | ? { $_.Class -eq 'price-main' } | select innerText
$MainPriceArray = $mainprice.innerText.Split(' ')
$MainUnitArry = $MainPriceArray[1..10]
$MainDollar = $MainPriceArray[0]
$MainUnit = $MainUnitArry -join ' '
$item = New-Object PSObject
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Product Site' -Value $($product.loc)
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Main Price' -Value $($MainDollar)
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Main Unit' -Value $($MainUnit)
$arr += $item
}
}
foreach ($product in $ImportedProducts){
Start-Job -InputObject $ImportedProducts -ScriptBlock $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $product,$arr
}
$data = Get-Job * | Receive-Job
#Show Array
$arr
So you would want to use runspaces for that. Runspaces is a pretty complicated thing, luckily we have Posh-RSJob which handles everything for you. https://github.com/proxb/PoshRSJob
You can pass in the script block, so you would need very little adjustments.
Probably something like this:
foreach ($product in $ImportedProducts){
Start-RSJob -ScriptBlock $ScriptBlock
}
Get-RSjob | Receive-RSJob
If you want to get the results into $arr, you can't do it from within the script block as you are attempting to do. Multiple script blocks running in parallel cannot be allowed to access a single copy of a variable without taking additional steps not worth getting into.
The answer to your problem is going to be to write the output of each script block as regular output. That output is buffered until you use Receive-Job to get the results out of the job at which time you capture it into the $arr variable in a single threaded manner. Below is cod which should get you most of the way there.
#Import Danmurphy Sitelist
[xml] $XmlDocument = (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://www.example.com/sites.xml")
#get websites listed
$ImportedProducts = $XmlDocument.DocumentElement.url | select -Last 10
"Killing existing jobs . . ."
Get-Job | Remove-Job -Force
"Done."
#loop through the products
#Create Array
$arr = #()
#$argumentlist
#ScriptBlock
$ScriptBlock = {
Param($product)
if ($product.loc -like "http://www.example.com/product/*"){
$uri = $product.loc
$WebResponse = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $uri -SessionVariable WS
#mainpricetest
$mainprice = $WebResponse.AllElements | ? { $_.Class -eq 'price-main' } | select innerText
$MainPriceArray = $mainprice.innerText.Split(' ')
$MainUnitArry = $MainPriceArray[1..10]
$MainDollar = $MainPriceArray[0]
$MainUnit = $MainUnitArry -join ' '
$item = New-Object PSObject
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Product Site' -Value $($product.loc)
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Main Price' -Value $($MainDollar)
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Main Unit' -Value $($MainUnit)
Write-Output $item
}
}
foreach ($product in $ImportedProducts){
Start-Job -InputObject $ImportedProducts -ScriptBlock $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $product
}
do {
$arr += Get-Job -State Completed | Receive-Job -AutoRemoveJob
} while (Get-Job -State Running)
#Show Array
$arr

How to match a value with my custom-object array

I'm having dificulties working with an array of custom objects and matching it with a variable.
I have a variable: $CmbCust.SelectedItem (currently selected item in a WPF form)
Custom-Object and the creation of my items in the combobox:
$CustomerFileArray = #()
ForEach ($c in (Get-ChildItem $ProgramRoot\Customers -Filter Customer-*.xml | sort Name -descending)) {
$XmlCustomer = [xml](Get-Content $ProgramRoot\Customers\$c)
if ($XmlCustomer.Office365.Customer.Name -eq "") {
$CustomerName = "- Geen naam"
}
Else {
$CustomerName = $XmlCustomer.Office365.Customer.Name
}
$CustomerItem = New-Object PSObject
$CustomerItem | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'Name' -Value $CustomerName
$CustomerItem | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'File' -Value $c
$CustomerFileArray += $CustomerItem
[void] $CmbCust.Items.Add($CustomerName)
}
$CmbCust.SelectedItem = $XmlOffice365.Office365.Customer.Name
My question is, how can I match the value in $CmbCust.SelectedItem with my Array $CustomerFileArray's File property
The action I would like to do is to get a path of the selected item to remove it. I've Googled and came up with:
$RemoveFile = #()
$RemoveFile | where {$CustomerFileArray.ContainsKey($_.CmbCust.SelectedItem)}
Remove-Item $ProgramRoot\Customers\$RemoveFile -Force
But that doesn't seem to work...
Thanks in advance!
Since the SelectedItem property contains a string found in the Name property of one of the items in $CustomerFileArray, you should apply Where-Object to $CustomerFileArray like so:
$CustomerFileArray |Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $CmbCust.SelectedItem} |Select-Object -ExpandProperty File
This will return the FileInfo object you originally assigned to the File property of the corresponding object in the array

Output of array of arrays in Powershell / Powercli gets truncated w/ellipses

The purpose of my script is to get the entire list of VMs from our vcenter, check to see if they have DNS entries - if the dns entry is null then output the VM name and corresponding IP address. Pretty simple, but I'm getting tripped up combining the VM name array with the IP address array. Here's what I mean:
$mainArray = #()
$vmArray = #()
$ipArray = #()
$vms = Get-VM | select Name, #{N="DnsName"; E={$_.ExtensionData.Guest.Hostname}}, #{N="IPAddress"; E={$_.Guest.IPAddress[0]}}
foreach ($vm in $vms)
{
$dnsname = $vm.DnsName
$ipaddr = $vm.IPAddress
$vmname = $vm.Name
if (!$vm.DNSName) #if DNS name is null
{
$vmArray += $vmname
$ipArray += $ipaddr
}
}
$item = New-Object PSObject
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'VM Name' -Value $vmArray
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'IP Address' -Value $ipArray
$mainArray += $item
$mainArray | ft -wrap -autosize
This outputs the two columns next to each other, but the output is separated by commas and is truncated with an ellipse. I know that there's a better way to do this, so I'm open to suggestions. Also be curious to know how to make this work just for my own understanding. Appreciate the help everyone.
Your main issue is that you are populating an array outside your loop. I don't have access to PowerCLI right in front of me now but we should be able to remove most of that code as it appears to be redundant and needless. Continuing after $vms being declared
$vms | Where-Object{!$_.DNSName} | ForEach-Object{
New-Object PSObject -Property #{
'VM Name' = $_.Name
'IP Address' = $_.IPAddress
}
} | ft -wrap -autosize
Before you made a two arrays. One for names and the other ips. Then you took those 2 arrays and made a single object with those two properties. I removed the need for the if statement with the Where-Object{!$_.DNSName}. Now all the objects being processed are the ones you want.
You could really do this is in one/two lines using the same logic.
Get-VM | Select #{N='VM Name';E={$_.Name}}, #{N="DnsName"; E={$_.ExtensionData.Guest.Hostname}}, #{N="IP Address"; E={$_.Guest.IPAddress[0]}} |
Where-Object{!$_.DNSName} | Select "VM Name","IP Address" | Format-Table -wrap -autosize
Again, I cannot test but it should work. If there are any errors they should be easily correctable. Assuming I figured out your issue in the first place.
About the ellipses
PowerShell has a variable $FormatEnumerationLimit that governs how many array elements are display in console output. There is a good article that discusses it on TechNet
By default $FormatEnumerationLimit is set to 4
Matt, I had found that link earlier but didn't find it very helpful since it makes the output garbled and doesn't breakout the values by row. This is how I was able to make the original script work:
$i=0
write-output $vmArray |
foreach {
new-object psobject -property #{
VMName = $_
IPAddress = $ipArray[$i++]
}
} | ft -auto -wrap
Rather unconventional, but does work nonetheless. There really should be an easier way to combine array side by side, but I digress. Thanks a ton Matt.
Update: This is probably more conventional:
For($i=0;$i -lt $vmArray.Count;$i++)
{
$item = New-Object PSObject
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'VM Name' -Value $vmArray[$i]
$item | Add-Member -type NoteProperty -Name 'IP Address' -Value $ipArray[$i]
$mainArray += $item
}
$mainArray | ft -wrap -autosize

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