I have three loops which process array data and print to the same log file. I would like to sort the output of each loop into columns which are separated by tabs using bash code:
1 2 3
1 2 3
1 2 3
1 2 3
1 2 3
Notice: 1 stands for the content of loop 1, 2 stands for the content of loop 2 and 3 stands for the content of loop 3.
declare -a Array1
declare -a Array2
declare -a Array3
for (( i = 0 ; i < 9 ; i++))
do
echo "${Array1[$i]}"
done | tee -a log.txt
for (( i = 0 ; i < 9 ; i++))
do
echo "(( ${Array1[$i]}-${Array2[$i]} ))" | bc
done | tee -a log.txt
for (( i = 0 ; i < 9 ; i++))
do
echo "${Array3[$i]}"
done | tee -a log.txt
I tried some stuff with the column command, but it doesn't work out as outlined above.
The simplest option may be to use a single loop.
An alternative is to take the output format that you've got already and convert it into columns. This is one way of doing it:
# Read the concatenated results into an array, $results
IFS=$'\n' read -d '' -r -a results < log.txt
# Print the concatenated results in columns
for (( i=0 ; i<9; i++ )) ; do
printf '%s\t%s\t%s\n' "${results[i]}" "${results[i+9]}" "${results[i+18]}"
done
If you don't need the log.txt file, you could just put the results into an array as you calculate them (using as many loops as you like) and print them afterwards.
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so for reading the list of file, I use this code here below:
IFS=$'\n' read -d '' -r -a data < ./somefolder/mytext.txt
for i in {0..9} #i know that i have 10 items, thats why i use 0..9
do
echo "${data[$i]}"
done
lets say i have 1-10 in the txt file, so it should print like below:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Questions:
is there any simpler way to read/write the text list than this?
how to save/update/overwrite data of mytext.txt? lets say change 4 to 88 for example.
Full example:
#!bin/bash
IFS=$'\n' read -d '' -r -a data < ./somefolder/mytext.txt
for i in {0..9} #i know that i have 10 items, thats why i use 0..9
do
echo "${data[$i]}"
done
echo "change 4 to anything"
read any
update(){
for n in {0..9}
do
if [[ n == 3 ]]; then
echo any
else
echo "${data[$n]}"
fi
done
}
update > ./somefolder/mytext.txt
#i dont know what i should do, it throws some errors saying syntax error
echo "saved"
exit 0
This is the code and output of the code, it is not the same as you describe in the comments.
printf '%s\n' {a..z} > file.txt
cat file.txt
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
A quick way of showing line numbers by using grep
grep -n . file.txt
A function to loop through an array.
func() {
n=1
for f; do
if (( n == 3 )); then
printf '%d %s\n' "$n" foo
else
printf '%d %s\n' "$n" "$f"
fi
((n++))
done
}
mapfile -t array < file.txt
func "${array[#]}"
Output
1 a
2 b
3 foo
4 d
5 e
6 f
7 g
8 h
9 i
10 j
11 k
12 l
13 m
14 n
15 o
16 p
17 q
18 r
19 s
20 t
21 u
22 v
23 w
24 x
25 y
26 z
On the other hand if you just want to replace everything with anything at a certain line and and ed is acceptable/available.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
printf '%s\n' ,n | ed -s file.txt
read -rp 'Change 4 to anything: ' input
printf '%s\n' "4c" "$input" . ,n w | ed -s file.txt
A more flexible version of the previous script.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
total=$(printf '%s\n' '$=' | ed -s file.txt)
printf '%s\n' ,n | ed -s file.txt
read -rp 'Enter the line number you want to change: ' int
if [[ $int == *[!0-9]* ]]; then
printf >&2 '%s is not an int\n' "$int"
exit 1
elif (( int > total )); then
printf >&2 '%s is out of range!' "$int"
exit 1
fi
read -rp "Enter the replacement at line $int: " input
printf '%s\n' "${int}c" "$input" . ,n w | ed -s file.txt
Caveat The file.txt name and path is still hard coded to the script, just add an additional read for the the file.
Input:
1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5
Expected Output:
1234
1235
2345
5678
2346
Input shown is a user input. I want to store it in an array and do some operations to display as shown in 'Expected Output'
I have done it in perl, but want to achieve it in shell script. Please help in achieving this.
To split an input text to an array you can follow this technique:
IFS="[;-]" read -r -a arr <<< "1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5"
printf '%s\n' "${arr[#]}"
1234
A1
1235
A2
2345
B1
5678
C2
2346
D5
If you want to keep only 1234,1234, etc as per your expected output you can either to use the corresponding array elements (0-2-4-etc) or to do something like this:
a="1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5"
IFS="[;]" read -r -a arr <<< "${a//-[A-Z][0-9]/}" #or more generally <<< "${a//-??/}"
declare -p arr #This asks bash to print the array for us
#Output
declare -a arr='([0]="1234" [1]="1235" [2]="2345" [3]="5678" [4]="2346")'
# Array can now be printed or used elsewhere in your script. Array counting starts from zero
#Yash:#try:
echo "1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5" | awk '{gsub(/-[[:alnum:]]+/,"");gsub(/;/,RS);print}'
Substituting all alpha bate, numbers with NULL, then substituting all semi colons to RS(record separator) which is a new line by default.
Thanks #George and #Vipin.
Based on your inputs the solution which best suites my environment is as under:
i=0
a="1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5"
IFS="[;]" read -r -a arr <<< "${a//-??/}"
#declare -p arr
for var in "${arr[#]}"
do
echo " var $((i++)) is : $var"
done
Output:
var 0 is : 1234
var 1 is : 1235
var 2 is : 2345
var 3 is : 5678
var 4 is : 2346
Try this -
awk -F'[-;]' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if(i%2!=0) {print $i}}' f
1234
1235
2345
5678
2346
OR
echo "1234-A1;1235-A2;2345-B1;5678-C2;2346-D5"|tr ';' '\n'|cut -d'-' -f1
OR
As #George Vasiliou Suggested -
awk -F'[-;]' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i+=2) {print $i}}'f
If Data needs to store in Array and you are using gawk, try below -
awk -F'[;-]' -v k=1 '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i !~ /[[:alpha:]]/) {a[k++]=$i}} END {
> PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "#ind_str_asc"
> for(k in a) print k,a[k]}' f
1 1234
2 1235
3 2345
4 5678
5 2346
PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "#ind_str_asc" used to print the data in
sorted order.
I have the following file
foo_foo bar_blop baz_N toto_N lorem_blop
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
And I'd like to remove the columns with the _N tag on header (or selecting all the others)
So the output should be
foo_foo bar_blop lorem_blop
1 1 1
1 1 1
I found some answers but none were doing this exactly
I know awk can do this but I don't understand how to do it by myself (I'm not good at awk) with this language.
Thanks for the help :)
awk 'NR==1{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if(!($i~/_N$/)){a[i]=1;m=i}}
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if(a[i])printf "%s%s",$i,(i==m?RS:FS)}' f|column -t
outputs:
foo_foo bar_blop lorem_blop
1 1 1
1 1 1
$ cat tst.awk
NR==1 {
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {
if ( (tgt == "") || ($i !~ tgt) ) {
f[++nf] = i
}
}
}
{
for (i=1; i<=nf; i++) {
printf "%s%s", $(f[i]), (i<nf?OFS:ORS)
}
}
$ awk -v tgt="_N" -f tst.awk file | column -t
foo_foo bar_blop lorem_blop
1 1 1
1 1 1
$ awk -f tst.awk file | column -t
foo_foo bar_blop baz_N toto_N lorem_blop
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
$ awk -v tgt="blop" -f tst.awk file | column -t
foo_foo baz_N toto_N
1 0 0
1 0 0
The main difference between this and #Kent's solution is performance and the impact will vary based on the percentage of fields you want to print on each line.
The above when reading the first line of the file creates an array of the field numbers to print and then for every line of the input file it just prints those fields in a loop. So if you wanted to print 3 out of 100 fields then this script would just loop through 3 iterations/fields on each input line.
#Kent's solution also creates an array of the field numbers to print but then for every line of the input file it visits every field to test if it's in that array before printing or not. So if you wanted to print 3 out of 100 fields then #Kent's script would loop through all 100 iterations/fields on each input line.
Hello I have the following array:
array=(1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 12 13)
I execute this for loop:
for w in ${!array[#]}
do
comp=$(echo "${array[w+1]} - ${array[w]} " | bc)
if [ $comp = 1 ]; then
/*???*/
else
/*???*/
fi
done
What I would like to do is to insert a value when the difference between two consecutive elements is not = 1
How can I do it?
Many thanks.
Just create a loop from the minimum to the maximum values and fill the gaps:
array=(1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 12 13)
min=${array[0]}
max=${array[-1]}
new_array=()
for ((i=min; i<=max; i++)); do
if [[ " ${array[#]} " =~ " $i " ]]; then
new_array+=($i)
else
new_array+=(0)
fi
done
echo "${new_array[#]}"
This creates a new array $new_array with the values:
1 2 3 4 5 0 7 8 9 0 0 12 13
This uses the trick in Check if an array contains a value.
You can select parts of the original array with ${arr[#]:index:count}.
Select the start, insert a new element, add the end.
To insert an element after index i=5 (the fifth element)
$ array=(1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 12 13)
$ i=5
$ arr=("${array[#]:0:i}") ### take the start of the array.
$ arr+=( 0 ) ### add a new value ( may use $((i+1)) )
$ arr+=("${array[#]:i}") ### copy the tail of the array.
$ array=("${arr[#]}") ### transfer the corrected array.
$ printf '<%s>' "${array[#]}"; echo
<1><2><3><4><5><6><7><8><9><12><13>
To process all the elements, just do a loop:
#!/bin/bash
array=(1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 12 13)
for (( i=1;i<${#array[#]};i++)); do
if (( array[i] != i+1 ));
then arr=("${array[#]:0:i}") ### take the start of the array.
arr+=( "0" ) ### add a new value
arr+=("${array[#]:i}") ### copy the tail of the array.
# echo "head $i ${array[#]:0:i}" ### see the array.
# echo "tail $i ${array[#]:i}"
array=("${arr[#]}") ### transfer the corrected array.
fi
done
printf '<%s>' "${array[#]}"; echo
$ chmod u+x ./script.sh
$ ./script.sh
<1><2><3><4><5><0><7><8><9><10><0><0><13>
There does not seem to be a way to insert directly into an array. You can append elements to another array instead though:
result=()
for w in ${!array[#]}; do
result+=("${array[w]}")
comp=$(echo "${array[w+1]} - ${array[w]} " | bc)
if [ $comp = 1 ]; then
/* probably leave empty */
else
/* handle missing digits */
fi
done
As a final step, you can assign result back to the original array.
I have a test file that looks like this:
1 1 1 1 1
9 3 4 5 5
6 7 8 9 7
3 6 8 9 1
3 4 2 1 4
6 4 4 7 7
Each row is supposed to represent a students grades. So the user puts in either an 'r' or a 'c' into the command line to choose to sort by rows or columns, followed by the file name. Sorting by rows would represent getting a students average and sorting my columns would represent a particular assignments average.
I am not doing anything with the choice variable yet because I need to get the array sorted first so I can take the averages and then get the median for each column and row.
So im not sure how I can choose to sort by those specific options. Here is what I have so far:
#!/bin/bash
choice="$1"
filename="$2"
c=0
if [ -e "$filename" ]
then
while read line
do
myArray[$c]=$line
c=$(expr $c + 1)
done < "$filename"
else
echo "File does not exist"
fi
printf -- '%s\n' "${myArray[#]}"
FS=$'\n' sorted=($(sort -n -k 1,1<<<"${myArray[*]}"))
echo " "
printf '%s\n' "${sorted[#]}"
This is only sorting the first column though and im not sure why its even doing that. Any push in the right direction would be appreciated. Examples would help a ton, thanks!
UPDATE:
With the changes that were suggested I have this so far:
#!/bin/sh
IFS=$'\n';
choice="$1"
filename="$2"
if [ -e "$filename" ]
then
while read line
do
myArray[$c]=$line
c=$(expr $c + 1)
done < "$filename"
else
echo "File does not exist."
fi
printf -- '%s\n' "${myArray[#]}"
width=${myArray[0]// /}
width=${#width}
height=${#myArray[#]}
bar=()
for w in $(seq 0 1 $((${width}-1)))
do
tmp=($(sort -n <<<"${myArray[*]}"))
for h in $(seq 0 1 $((${height}-1)))
do
myArray[h]=${myArray[h]#* }
bar[h]="${bar[h]} ${tmp[h]%% *}"
bar[h]="${bar[h]# }"
done
done
printf -- '%s\n' "${bar[*]}"
But now I am getting some really strange output of way more numbers than i started with and in a seemingly random order.
actually it is sorting $line(s) which are strings. you need to initialize the column to sort correctly, so that it is an array
UPDATE:
the following code is really straight forward. no performance aspects are regarded. so for large datasets this will take a while to sort column wise. your datasets have to contain lines of numbers seperated by single spaces to make this work.
#!/bin/bash
IFS=$'\n';
# here you can place your read line function
ar[0]="5 3 2 8"
ar[1]="1 1 1 1"
ar[2]="3 2 4 5"
printf -- '%s\n' "${ar[*]}" # print the column wise unsorted ar
echo
# sorting
width=${ar[0]// /}
width=${#width}
height=${#ar[#]}
bar=()
for w in $(seq 0 1 $((${width}-1))); do # for each column
#sort -n <<<"${ar[*]}" # debug, see first column removal
tmp=($(sort -n <<<"${ar[*]}")) # this just sorts lexigraphically by "first column"
# rows are strings, see initial definition of ar
#echo
for h in $(seq 0 1 $((${height}-1))); do # update first column
ar[h]=${ar[h]#* } # strip first column
bar[h]="${bar[h]} ${tmp[h]%% *}" # add sorted column to new array
bar[h]="${bar[h]# }" # trim leading space
done
#printf -- '%s\n' "${bar[*]}" # debug, see growing bar
#echo "---"
done
printf -- '%s\n' "${bar[*]}" # print the column wise sorted ar
prints out the unsorted and sorted array
5 3 2 8
1 1 1 1
3 2 4 5
1 1 1 1
3 2 2 5
5 3 4 8