I need to generate a modified Fibonacci series and it must be completely dynamic. Here f0 and f1 will be given, i.e f0=1 and f1=3 after generating the series. I should print the resulting value at a particular index.
Ex: f0 = 1, f1 = 3, testcase(n) = 3 (This can change not a particular value)
t1 = 4 t2 = 8 t3 = 11 and so on. Series should be generated for 11 elements by adding current element and previous element using: f[i] = f[i-1] + f[i-2]
It can be represented as:
0=>1
1=>3
2=>4
3=>7
4=>11
5=>18
6=>29
7=>47
8=>76
9=>123
10=>199
11=>322
I should print the values at indices 4,8 and 11 (which must be the output of my program), i.e. 11 76 322.
Input Format:
f0,f1 and n (where n is the no of indices)
where ti=[t1,t2,....tn-1] (which specifies the index for R-Fibonacci series).
Output Format:
Print the values from the R-fibonacci series based on the given indices.
Sample Input:
1 3 3 4 8 11
Sample Output:
11 76 322
I have the code that generates the Fibonacci series for the above program but I want to display the value at 4,8,11 indices. Here is the code:
int fib(int n)
{
int f[n+1];
int i;
f[0]=1;
f[1]=3;
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
{
f[i]=f[i-1]+f[i-2];
}
return f[n];
}
int main()
{
int n=11
printf("%d ",fib(n));
getchar();
return 0;
}
Like this? The array is defined in main and passed to the function as an argument. The function fills in the array, returns nothing, and then in main you can print the elements you want.
You will need a loop to do that, with another dynamic array holding the indices you are asked to print.
#include <stdio.h>
void fib(int n, int *f)
{
int i;
f[0] = 1;
f[1] = 3;
for(i = 2; i <= n; i++)
{
f[i] = f[i-1] + f[i-2];
}
}
int main()
{
int n = 11;
int f[n+1];
fib(n, f);
printf("%d ", f[8]);
printf("%d ", f[11]);
printf("\n");
getchar();
return 0;
}
Program output:
76 322
I will leave you some code to write, but suppose you make a dynamic array of the index values required, such as
int index[m];
index[0] = 4;
index[1] = 8;
index[2] = 11;
you can print the series term with such as
printf("%d ", f[ index[i] ]);
If I understand correctly, this question really has little to do with fibonacci and is about scope in C. You are declaring and defining an array in a function, fib, and filling it within that function (and returning a single element value). What you want is to have access to the entire array from the caller.
A straightforward way of doing this is to declare the array in the calling method, and pass a pointer to it to the fib function:
#include <stdio.h>
int fib(int f[], int n)
{
int i;
f[0]=1;
f[1]=3;
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
{
f[i]=f[i-1]+f[i-2];
}
return f[n];
}
int main()
{
int n=11;
int f[12];
fib(f, n);
printf("%d ", f[4]);
printf("%d ", f[8]);
printf("%d ", f[11]);
getchar();
return 0;
}
Here is a code to generate a set of fibonacci numbers less than a given number N using recursive algorithm :
#include<stdio.h>
int fibo(int n)
{
if(n<2)
return n;
else
return (fibo(n-1)+fibo(n-2));
}
void main()
{
int n,i;
printf("\n Enter number : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n Fibonacci series is : ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("\n %d",fibo(i));
}
Related
Given an integer n, write a C program to count the number of digits that are in the same position after forming an integer m with the digits in n but in ascending order of digits. For example, if the value of n is 351462987 then value of m will be 123456789 and digits 4 and 8 will be in the same position.
This is my code:
#include<stdio.h>
void bubble(int a[],int length)
{
for (int i=0;i<length;i++)
{
for (int j=0;j<length;j++)
{
if (a[j]>a[j+1])
{
int t=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=t;
}
}
}
}
int check(int a[],int b[],int length)
{
int count=0;
for (int i=0;i<length;i++)
{
if (a[i]==b[i])
{
count=i;
break;
}
}
return count;
}
int length(int n)
{
int l;
while (n!=0)
{
n=n/10;
l++;
}
return l;
}
void main()
{
int n,arrn[100],temp[100];
scanf("%d",&n);
int l=length(n);
for (int i=0;i<l;i++)
{
arrn[l-i-1]=n%10;
temp[l-i-1]=arrn[l-i-1];
n=n/10;
}
bubble(temp,l);
int c=check(arrn,temp,l);
printf("%d",c);
}
I am able to compile the code but when I execute it it takes a long time only to show segmentation fault.
Easy answer, use a debugger.
Here are some problem with your code:
In length function, l is not initialized and as such can have an arbitrary initial value. In your case, you probably want to start at 0.
int l = 0;
Your check function probably don't do what you want. As written count is not a count but the index of a position where numbers match. As there is a break statement in the block, the loop will exit after the first match so the return value would be the position of the first match or 0 if no match was found.
Your bubble function goes one item too far when i is equal to length - 1 as you access item a[j + 1] in the inner loop which is out of bound. In that case, it is simpler to start at 1 instead of 0 and compare item at index i - 1 with item at index i.
Some extra notes:
It is recommended to add whitespace around operators and after a comma separating multiple declarations to improve readability. Here are some example of lines with improved readability.
int n, arrn[100], temp[100];
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)…
if (a[i] == b[i])…
arrn[l - i - 1] =n % 10;
temp[l - i - 1] = arrn[l - i - 1];
int check(int a[], int b[], int length)
Instead of writing multiple functions at once, you should write one function and ensure it works properly. By the way, the loop that split a number into digits could also be a function.
Try the function with small number (ex. 12 or 21)
Use better name for your variable. arrn and temp are not very clear. original and sorted might be better.
Your length function has a very obvious bug in it. What value does l start with? You don't initialise it so it could start with any value and cause undefined behaviour. You should set it to 0.
int length(int n)
{
int l = 0;
while (n!=0)
{
n=n/10;
l++;
}
return l;
}
Personally, I wouldn't be sorting or reading it into an int - to enable handling leading zeros in the digit string. For example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MAXNUMLEN 200
int main(void)
{
int i, j, l, x=0;
char numin[MAXNUMLEN], numout[MAXNUMLEN];
int digits[10]={0};
printf("enter a string of digits: " );
fgets(numin, sizeof(numin), stdin);
printf("\nsaw : %s", numin );
// walk string once, counting num of each digit present
l=strlen(numin);
for(i=0; i<l; i++) {
if( isdigit(numin[i]) ) {
int d = numin[i] - '0'; // char digit to int digit
digits[d]++;
}
}
// for each digit present, write the number of instances of the digit to numout
for( i=0; i<10; i++ ) {
for(j=0; j<digits[i]; j++)
numout[x++] = '0'+i; // int digit back to char digit
}
numout[x]='\0'; // terminate string
printf("sorted: %s\n", numout );
}
Sample run:
watson:digsort john$ ./ds
enter a string of digits: 002342123492738234610
saw : 002342123492738234610
sorted: 000112222233334446789
watson:digsort john$
I'm a bit stuck on one of my problems not because I don't know, but because I can't use more complex operations.(functions and multiple arrays)
So I need to make a program in C that ask for an input of an array(max 100 elements) and then program needs to sort that matrix by numbers with same digits.
So I made everything that I know, I tested my program with sorting algorithm from minimum to maximum values and it works, only thing that I can't understand is how should I test if the number have same digits inside the loop? (I can't use functions.)
So I know the method of finding if the number have the same digits but I don't know how to compare them. Here is an example of what I need.
This is what I have for now this sorts numbers from min to max.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int matrix[100];
int i,j;
int temp,min;
int elements_number=0;
printf("Enter the values of matrix-max 100 elements-type -1 to end: ");
for(i=0;i<100;i++){
scanf("%d",&matrix[i]);
elements_number++;
if(matrix[i]==-1){
elements_number--;
break;
}
}
for (i=0; i<elements_number; i++) {
min=i;
for (j=i+1; j<elements_number; j++) {
if (matrix[j] < matrix[min])
min = j;
}
temp = matrix[i];
matrix[i] = matrix[min];
matrix[min] = temp;
}
for(i=0;i<elements_number;i++){
if(i!=elements_number-1){
printf("%d,",matrix[i]); }
else printf("%d.",matrix[i]);
}
return 0;
}
I need this output for these numbers:
INPUT :
1 22 43 444 51 16 7 8888 90 11 -1
OUTPUT:
1,22,444,7,8888,11,43,51,16,90.
Integers with 1 digit count as "numbers with same number of digits" like 7 and 1 in this example.
Hope that you can help.
After processing the array, the single-digit numbers should all be in the left part of the array, the other numbers in the right part. Within each part, the original order of the elements should be preserved. This is called a stable partition. It is different from sorting, because the elements are only classified into two groups. Sorting means that there is a clear relationship between any two elements in the array.
This can be done by "filtering" the array for single-digit numbers and storing the other numbers that were filtered out in a temporary second array. Then append the contents of that second array to the (now shorter) first array.
Here's how that could work:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void print(const int *arr, int n)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
if (i) printf(", ");
printf("%d", arr[i]);
}
puts(".");
}
int is_rep_digit(int n)
{
int q = n % 10;
n /= 10;
while (n) {
if (n % 10 != q) return 0;
n /= 10;
}
return 1;
}
int main()
{
int arr[10] = {1, 22, 43, 444, 51, 16, 7, 8888, 90, 11};
int aux[10]; // auxliary array for numbers with several digits
int i, j, k;
print(arr, 10);
j = 0; // number of single-digit numbers
k = 0; // number of other numbers
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
if (is_rep_digit(arr[i])) {
arr[j++] = arr[i]; // pick single-digit number
} else {
aux[k++] = arr[i]; // copy other numbers to aux
}
}
k = 0;
while (j < 10) { // copy aux to end of array
arr[j++] = aux[k++];
}
print(arr, 10);
return 0;
}
Edit: I've just seen your requirement that you can't use functions. You could use Barmar's suggestion to test divisibility by 1, 11, 111 and so on. The tricky part is to find the correct divisor, however.
Anyway, the point I wanted to make here is that you don't need a full sorting algorithm here.
I'm trying to create a hash table. Here is my code:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 19
#define c1 3
#define c2 5
#define m 3000
int efort;
int h_table[N];
int h(int k, int i)
{
return (k + i*c1 + i*i*c2) % N;
}
void init()
{
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
h_table[i] = -1;
}
void insert(int k)
{
int position, i;
i = 0;
do
{
position = h(k, i);
printf("\n Position %d \n", position);
if (h_table[position] == -1)
{
h_table[position] = k;
printf("Inserted :elem %d at %d \n", h_table[position], position);
break;
}
else
{
i += 1;
}
} while (i != N);
}
void print(int n)
{
printf("\nTable content: \n");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d ", h_table[i]);
}
}
void test()
{
int a[100];
int b[100];
init();
memset(b, -1, 100);
srand(time(NULL));
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
a[i] = rand() % (3000 + 1 - 2000) + 2000;
}
for (int i = 0; i < N ; i++)
{
insert(a[i]);
}
print(N);
}
int main()
{
test();
return 0;
}
Hash ("h") function and "insert" function are took from "Introduction to algorithms" book (Cormen).I don't know what is happening with the h function or insert function. Sometimes it fills completely my array, but sometimes it doesn't. That means it doesn't work good. What am I doing wrong?
In short, you are producing repeating values for position often enough to prevent h_table[] from being populated after only N attempts...
The pseudo-random number generator is not guaranteed to produce a set of unique numbers, nor is your h(...) function guaranteed to produce a mutually exclusive set of position values. It is likely that you are generating the same position enough times that you run out of loops before all 19 positions have been generated. The question how many times must h(...) be called on average before you are likely to get the value of an unused position? should be answered. This may help to direct you to the problem.
As an experiment, I increased the looping indexes from N to 100 in all but the h(...) function (so as not to overrun h_table[] ). And as expected the first 5 positions filled immediately. The next one filled after 3 more tries. The next one 10 tries later, and so on, until by the end of 100 tries, there were still some unwritten positions.
On the next run, all table positions were filled.
2 possible solutions:
1) Modify hash to improve probability of unique values.
2) Increase iterations to populate h_table
A good_hash_function() % N may repeat itself in N re-hashes. A good hash looks nearly random in its output even though it is deterministic. So in N tries it might not loop through all the array elements.
After failing to find a free array element after a number of tries, say N/3 tries, recommend a different approach. Just look for the next free element.
I'm trying to write a program that will print the factorial of a given number in the form:
10!=2^8 * 3^4 * 5^2 * 7
To make it quick lets say the given number is 10 and we have the prime numbers beforehand. I don't want to calculate the factorial first. Because if the given number is larger, it will eventually go beyond the the range for int type. So the algorithm i follow is:
First compute two’s power. There are five numbers between one and ten that two divides into. These numbers are given 2*1, 2*2, …, 2*5. Further, two also divides two numbers in the set {1,2,3,4,5}. These numbers are 2*1 and 2*2. Continuing in this pattern, there is one number between one and two that two divides into. Then a=5+2+1=8.
Now look at finding three’s power. There are three numbers from one to ten that three divides into, and then one number between one and three that three divides into. Thus b=3+1=4. In a similar fashion c=2. Then the set R={8,4,2,1}. The final answer is:
10!=2^8*3^4*5^2*7
So what i wrote is:
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int i, n, count;
int ara[]={2, 3, 5, 7};
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
count=0;
for(n=10; n>0; n--)
{
while(n%ara[i]==0)
{
count++;
n=n/ara[i];
}
}
printf("(%d^%d)" , ara[i], count);
}
return 0;
}
and the output is (2^3) (3^2) (5^1) (7^1).
I can't understand what's wrong with my code. Can anyone help me, please?
Much simpler approach:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
const int n = 10;
const int primes[] = {2,3,5,7};
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
int cur = primes[i];
int total = 0;
while(cur <= n){
total += (n/cur);
cur = cur*primes[i];
}
printf("(%d^%d)\n", primes[i], total);
}
return 0;
}
Your code divides n when it is divisible for some prime number, making the n jumps.
e.g. when n = 10 and i = 0, you get into while loop, n is divisible by 2 (arr[0]), resulting in n = 5. So you skipped n = [9..5)
What you should do is you should use temp when dividing, as follows:
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int i, n, count;
int ara[]={2, 3, 5, 7};
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
count=0;
for(n=10; n>0; n--)
{
int temp = n;
while(temp%ara[i]==0)
{
count++;
temp=temp/ara[i];
}
}
printf("(%d^%d)" , ara[i], count);
}
return 0;
}
For finding factorial of a no pl. try this code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c, n, fact = 1;
printf("Enter a number to calculate it's factorial\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (c = 1; c <= n; c++)
fact = fact * c;
printf("Factorial of %d = %d\n", n, fact);
return 0;
}
This my first post on here. I'd like to ask about a problem that I am trying to do for homework.
I'm supposed to be constructing a for loop for the "first 5 factorials" and display results as a table. I followed an example in the book, and I have my for loop and my operations set up, but I don't know what to do to produce the loop in the table. Here is my program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
//Problem: Display a range for a table from n and n^2, for integers ranging from 1-10.
int n, factorialnumber, i;
printf("TABLE OF FACTORIALS\n");
printf("n n!\n");
printf("--- -----\n");
for (n = 1; n <= 10; n++) {
factorialnumber = factorialnumber * n;
printf("\n %i = %i", factorialnumber, n);
}
return 0;
}
I know the printf here is wrong. What would I type?
BTW, I'm using codeblocks.
The problem is that you didn't initialize the variables (e.g. factorialnumber). If it has an initial value of 6984857 let's say, the whole algorithm would be messed up.
Try this :
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
//Problem: Display a range for a table from n and n^2, for integers ranging from 1-10.
int i, factorialnumber = 1;
int n = 10; // Max number to go through
printf("TABLE OF FACTORIALS\n");
printf("i i!\n");
printf("--- -----\n");
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
factorialnumber *= i;
printf("%d! = %d\n", i, factorialnumber);
}
return 0;
}