I have read the stuff on MS pivot tables and I am still having problems getting this correct.
I have a temp table that is being created, we will say that column 1 is a Store number, and column 2 is a week number and lastly column 3 is a total of some type. Also the Week numbers are dynamic, the store numbers are static.
Store Week xCount
------- ---- ------
102 1 96
101 1 138
105 1 37
109 1 59
101 2 282
102 2 212
105 2 78
109 2 97
105 3 60
102 3 123
101 3 220
109 3 87
I would like it to come out as a pivot table, like this:
Store 1 2 3 4 5 6....
-----
101 138 282 220
102 96 212 123
105 37
109
Store numbers down the side and weeks across the top.
If you are using SQL Server 2005+, then you can use the PIVOT function to transform the data from rows into columns.
It sounds like you will need to use dynamic sql if the weeks are unknown but it is easier to see the correct code using a hard-coded version initially.
First up, here are some quick table definitions and data for use:
CREATE TABLE yt
(
[Store] int,
[Week] int,
[xCount] int
);
INSERT INTO yt
(
[Store],
[Week], [xCount]
)
VALUES
(102, 1, 96),
(101, 1, 138),
(105, 1, 37),
(109, 1, 59),
(101, 2, 282),
(102, 2, 212),
(105, 2, 78),
(109, 2, 97),
(105, 3, 60),
(102, 3, 123),
(101, 3, 220),
(109, 3, 87);
If your values are known, then you will hard-code the query:
select *
from
(
select store, week, xCount
from yt
) src
pivot
(
sum(xcount)
for week in ([1], [2], [3])
) piv;
See SQL Demo
Then if you need to generate the week number dynamically, your code will be:
DECLARE #cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
#query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select #cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(Week)
from yt
group by Week
order by Week
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set #query = 'SELECT store,' + #cols + ' from
(
select store, week, xCount
from yt
) x
pivot
(
sum(xCount)
for week in (' + #cols + ')
) p '
execute(#query);
See SQL Demo.
The dynamic version, generates the list of week numbers that should be converted to columns. Both give the same result:
| STORE | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---------------------------
| 101 | 138 | 282 | 220 |
| 102 | 96 | 212 | 123 |
| 105 | 37 | 78 | 60 |
| 109 | 59 | 97 | 87 |
This is for dynamic # of weeks.
Full example here:SQL Dynamic Pivot
DECLARE #DynamicPivotQuery AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #ColumnName AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
--Get distinct values of the PIVOT Column
SELECT #ColumnName= ISNULL(#ColumnName + ',','') + QUOTENAME(Week)
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Week FROM #StoreSales) AS Weeks
--Prepare the PIVOT query using the dynamic
SET #DynamicPivotQuery =
N'SELECT Store, ' + #ColumnName + '
FROM #StoreSales
PIVOT(SUM(xCount)
FOR Week IN (' + #ColumnName + ')) AS PVTTable'
--Execute the Dynamic Pivot Query
EXEC sp_executesql #DynamicPivotQuery
I've achieved the same thing before by using subqueries. So if your original table was called StoreCountsByWeek, and you had a separate table that listed the Store IDs, then it would look like this:
SELECT StoreID,
Week1=(SELECT ISNULL(SUM(xCount),0) FROM StoreCountsByWeek WHERE StoreCountsByWeek.StoreID=Store.StoreID AND Week=1),
Week2=(SELECT ISNULL(SUM(xCount),0) FROM StoreCountsByWeek WHERE StoreCountsByWeek.StoreID=Store.StoreID AND Week=2),
Week3=(SELECT ISNULL(SUM(xCount),0) FROM StoreCountsByWeek WHERE StoreCountsByWeek.StoreID=Store.StoreID AND Week=3)
FROM Store
ORDER BY StoreID
One advantage to this method is that the syntax is more clear and it makes it easier to join to other tables to pull other fields into the results too.
My anecdotal results are that running this query over a couple of thousand rows completed in less than one second, and I actually had 7 subqueries. But as noted in the comments, it is more computationally expensive to do it this way, so be careful about using this method if you expect it to run on large amounts of data .
This is what you can do:
SELECT *
FROM yourTable
PIVOT (MAX(xCount)
FOR Week in ([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7])) AS pvt
DEMO
I'm writing an sp that could be useful for this purpose, basically this sp pivot any table and return a new table pivoted or return just the set of data, this is the way to execute it:
Exec dbo.rs_pivot_table #schema=dbo,#table=table_name,#column=column_to_pivot,#agg='sum([column_to_agg]),avg([another_column_to_agg]),',
#sel_cols='column_to_select1,column_to_select2,column_to_select1',#new_table=returned_table_pivoted;
please note that in the parameter #agg the column names must be with '[' and the parameter must end with a comma ','
SP
Create Procedure [dbo].[rs_pivot_table]
#schema sysname=dbo,
#table sysname,
#column sysname,
#agg nvarchar(max),
#sel_cols varchar(max),
#new_table sysname,
#add_to_col_name sysname=null
As
--Exec dbo.rs_pivot_table dbo,##TEMPORAL1,tip_liq,'sum([val_liq]),sum([can_liq]),','cod_emp,cod_con,tip_liq',##TEMPORAL1PVT,'hola';
Begin
Declare #query varchar(max)='';
Declare #aggDet varchar(100);
Declare #opp_agg varchar(5);
Declare #col_agg varchar(100);
Declare #pivot_col sysname;
Declare #query_col_pvt varchar(max)='';
Declare #full_query_pivot varchar(max)='';
Declare #ind_tmpTbl int; --Indicador de tabla temporal 1=tabla temporal global 0=Tabla fisica
Create Table #pvt_column(
pivot_col varchar(100)
);
Declare #column_agg table(
opp_agg varchar(5),
col_agg varchar(100)
);
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(#table) AND type in (N'U'))
Set #ind_tmpTbl=0;
ELSE IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..'+ltrim(rtrim(#table))) IS NOT NULL
Set #ind_tmpTbl=1;
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(#new_table) AND type in (N'U')) OR
OBJECT_ID('tempdb..'+ltrim(rtrim(#new_table))) IS NOT NULL
Begin
Set #query='DROP TABLE '+#new_table+'';
Exec (#query);
End;
Select #query='Select distinct '+#column+' From '+(case when #ind_tmpTbl=1 then 'tempdb.' else '' end)+#schema+'.'+#table+' where '+#column+' is not null;';
Print #query;
Insert into #pvt_column(pivot_col)
Exec (#query)
While charindex(',',#agg,1)>0
Begin
Select #aggDet=Substring(#agg,1,charindex(',',#agg,1)-1);
Insert Into #column_agg(opp_agg,col_agg)
Values(substring(#aggDet,1,charindex('(',#aggDet,1)-1),ltrim(rtrim(replace(substring(#aggDet,charindex('[',#aggDet,1),charindex(']',#aggDet,1)-4),')',''))));
Set #agg=Substring(#agg,charindex(',',#agg,1)+1,len(#agg))
End
Declare cur_agg cursor read_only forward_only local static for
Select
opp_agg,col_agg
from #column_agg;
Open cur_agg;
Fetch Next From cur_agg
Into #opp_agg,#col_agg;
While ##fetch_status=0
Begin
Declare cur_col cursor read_only forward_only local static for
Select
pivot_col
From #pvt_column;
Open cur_col;
Fetch Next From cur_col
Into #pivot_col;
While ##fetch_status=0
Begin
Select #query_col_pvt='isnull('+#opp_agg+'(case when '+#column+'='+quotename(#pivot_col,char(39))+' then '+#col_agg+
' else null end),0) as ['+lower(Replace(Replace(#opp_agg+'_'+convert(varchar(100),#pivot_col)+'_'+replace(replace(#col_agg,'[',''),']',''),' ',''),'&',''))+
(case when #add_to_col_name is null then space(0) else '_'+isnull(ltrim(rtrim(#add_to_col_name)),'') end)+']'
print #query_col_pvt
Select #full_query_pivot=#full_query_pivot+#query_col_pvt+', '
--print #full_query_pivot
Fetch Next From cur_col
Into #pivot_col;
End
Close cur_col;
Deallocate cur_col;
Fetch Next From cur_agg
Into #opp_agg,#col_agg;
End
Close cur_agg;
Deallocate cur_agg;
Select #full_query_pivot=substring(#full_query_pivot,1,len(#full_query_pivot)-1);
Select #query='Select '+#sel_cols+','+#full_query_pivot+' into '+#new_table+' From '+(case when #ind_tmpTbl=1 then 'tempdb.' else '' end)+
#schema+'.'+#table+' Group by '+#sel_cols+';';
print #query;
Exec (#query);
End;
GO
This is an example of execution:
Exec dbo.rs_pivot_table #schema=dbo,#table=##TEMPORAL1,#column=tip_liq,#agg='sum([val_liq]),avg([can_liq]),',#sel_cols='cod_emp,cod_con,tip_liq',#new_table=##TEMPORAL1PVT;
then Select * From ##TEMPORAL1PVT would return:
Here is a revision of #Tayrn answer above that might help you understand pivoting a little easier:
This may not be the best way to do this, but this is what helped me wrap my head around how to pivot tables.
ID = rows you want to pivot
MY_KEY = the column you are selecting from your original table that contains the column names you want to pivot.
VAL = the value you want returning under each column.
MAX(VAL) => Can be replaced with other aggregiate functions. SUM(VAL), MIN(VAL), ETC...
DECLARE #cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
#query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select #cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(MY_KEY)
from yt
group by MY_KEY
order by MY_KEY ASC
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set #query = 'SELECT ID,' + #cols + ' from
(
select ID, MY_KEY, VAL
from yt
) x
pivot
(
sum(VAL)
for MY_KEY in (' + #cols + ')
) p '
execute(#query);
select * from (select name, ID from Empoyee) Visits
pivot(sum(ID) for name
in ([Emp1],
[Emp2],
[Emp3]
) ) as pivottable;
Just give you some idea how other databases solve this problem. DolphinDB also has built-in support for pivoting and the sql looks much more intuitive and neat. It is as simple as specifying the key column (Store), pivoting column (Week), and the calculated metric (sum(xCount)).
//prepare a 10-million-row table
n=10000000
t=table(rand(100, n) + 1 as Store, rand(54, n) + 1 as Week, rand(100, n) + 1 as xCount)
//use pivot clause to generate a pivoted table pivot_t
pivot_t = select sum(xCount) from t pivot by Store, Week
DolphinDB is a columnar high performance database. The calculation in the demo costs as low as 546 ms on a dell xps laptop (i7 cpu). To get more details, please refer to online DolphinDB manual https://www.dolphindb.com/help/index.html?pivotby.html
Pivot is one of the SQL operator which is used to turn the unique data from one column into multiple column in the output. This is also mean by transforming the rows into columns (rotating table). Let us consider this table,
If I want to filter this data based on the types of product (Speaker, Glass, Headset) by each customer, then use Pivot operator.
Select CustmerName, Speaker, Glass, Headset
from TblCustomer
Pivot
(
Sum(Price) for Product in ([Speaker],[Glass],[Headset])
) as PivotTable
I have a query which dynamically generates different number of rows, with varying ID column values. I need to be able to PIVOT this into a columnar result. My current data result is below.
ID Caption FieldName FieldType
--- --------- ------------ ------------
10 Caption 1 Field Name 1 Field Type 1
11 Caption 2 Field Name 2 Field Type 2
12 Caption 3 Field Name 3 Field Type 3
20 Caption 4 Field Name 4 Field Type 4
30 Caption 5 Field Name 5 Field Type 5
My desired result is
10 11 12 20 30
-------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Caption 1 Caption 2 Caption 3 Caption 4 Caption 5
Field Name 1 Field Name 2 Field Name 3 Field Name 4 Field Name 5
Field Type 1 Field Type 2 Field Type 3 Field Type 4 Field Type 5
Please note that the values 10, 11, 12, 20 and 30 can change to be something else, so I understand that I need to do some dynamic sql. I want to avoid using CURSORS if possible.
Any suggestions are welcome. Please excuse the formatting
2005 Version
Declare #SQL varchar(max)
Select #SQL = stuff((Select Distinct ',' + QuoteName(ID)+'=max(case when Item='+cast(ID as varchar(25))+' then Value else null end)' From YourTable Order By 1 For XML Path('') ),1,1,'')
Select #SQL = '
Select [Seq],'+#SQL +'
From (
Select Item=A.ID,B.*
From YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select Seq=1,Value=cast(A.Caption as varchar(max)) Union All
Select Seq=2,Value=cast(A.FieldName as varchar(max)) Union All
Select Seq=3,Value=cast(A.FieldType as varchar(max))
) B
) A
Group By Seq
Order By Seq
'
Exec(#SQL);
Returns
If you don't mind going dynamic
I'm hesitant to remove SEQ (the first column of the results). You can remove [SEQ], from the final query, but I am not sure it would maintain the proper sequence on a larger data set.
Declare #SQL varchar(max)
Select #SQL = Stuff((Select Distinct ',' + QuoteName(ID) From YourTable Order by 1 For XML Path('')),1,1,'')
Select #SQL = '
Select [Seq],' + #SQL + '
From (
Select Item=A.ID,B.*
From YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select Seq=1,Value=cast(A.Caption as varchar(max)) Union All
Select Seq=2,Value=cast(A.FieldName as varchar(max)) Union All
Select Seq=3,Value=cast(A.FieldType as varchar(max))
) B
) A
Pivot (max(value) For Item in (' + #SQL + ') ) p'
Exec(#SQL);
Returns
EDIT - With SEQ Removed from the final Select
I have a tables as follows. Table #temp
Product Date 1st Pass Count 2nd Pass Count 3rd Pass Count
A 06-07-2015 2 4 5
A 06-07-2015 3 2 1
B 06-07-2015 1 1 1
Now I want a view as follows;
Product 06-07-2015 07-07-2015 08-07-2015
A 17 0 0
B 3 0 0
The date column is a sum of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd pass.
I have tried the query below . 2 problems I need help with.
Problem 1 - More than one row for Product A.
Problem 2 - Cant seem to add all 1st, 2nd and 3rd pass in sql query with pivot. Tried sum ( [1st pass]+[2nd pass]+[3rd pass] ) and it gave a syntax error.
Current code that works before I try things to correct the 2 problems above.
DECLARE #cols as NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE #query as NVARCHAR(MAX)
Select #cols=STUFF ( SELECT ',' +QUOTENAME(PRODUCT) FROM #TEMP group by DATE ORDER BY DATE FOR XML PATH (''), TYPE).value.('.',NVARCHAR(MAX)'),1,1,'') set #query='SELECT [PRODUCT],' + #cols + 'from 'Select [PRODUCT],[DATE],[1st Pass],[2nd Pass],[3rd Pass] from #TEMP)x Pivot (sum [1st pass] FOR DTE in ('+#cols+') )p' execute (#query)
Is there something obvious I am missing here in terms of solving these last 2 problems ?
we can get the above result set by using Pivot and Cross Apply
Normal Pivot
DECLARE #t TABLE (Product Varchar(5),dated varchar(10),firstcount int,secondcount int,thirdcpount int)
INSERT INTO #t (Product,dated,firstcount,secondcount,thirdcpount)values
('A','06-07-2015',2,4,5),
('A','06-07-2015',3,2,1),
('B','06-07-2015',1,1,1)
select Product,SUM(ISNULL([06-07-2015],0)) As [06-07-2015],SUM(ISNULL([07-07-2015],0))As [07-07-2015],SUM(ISNULL([08-07-2015],0))As [08-07-2015] from (
select Product,dated,COL,val from #t
CROSS APPLY (VALUES('firstcount',firstcount),('secondcount',secondcount),('thirdcpount',thirdcpount))CS(COL,val))TT
PIVOT (SUM(VAL) FOR Dated IN ([06-07-2015],[07-07-2015],[08-07-2015]))T
GROUP BY Product
And
by using Dynamic Query Pivot
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #t
GO
CREATE TABLE #t (Product Varchar(5),dated varchar(10),firstcount int,secondcount int,thirdcpount int)
INSERT INTO #t (Product,dated,firstcount,secondcount,thirdcpount)values
('A','06-07-2015',2,4,5),
('A','06-07-2015',3,2,1),
('B','06-07-2015',1,1,1)
,('A','07-07-2015',2,11,5),
('A','07-07-2015',3,2,1),
('B','07-07-2015',1,1,1)
,('A','08-07-2015',3,11,6),
('A','08-07-2015',1,6,1),
('B','08-07-2015',11,1,6)
DECLARE #statement NVARCHAR(max)
,#columns NVARCHAR(max)
SELECT #columns = ISNULL(#columns + ', ', '') + N'[' + tbl.dated + ']'
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT dated
FROM #t
) AS tbl
SELECT #statement = ' select Product,SUM(ISNULL([06-07-2015],0)) As [06-07-2015],SUM(ISNULL([07-07-2015],0))As [07-07-2015],SUM(ISNULL([08-07-2015],0))As [08-07-2015] from (
select Product,dated,COL,val from #t
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(''firstcount'',firstcount),(''secondcount'',secondcount),(''thirdcpount'',thirdcpount))CS(COL,val))TT
PIVOT (SUM(VAL) FOR Dated IN (' + #columns + ')) as pvt GROUP BY Product'
EXEC sp_executesql #statement = #statement