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I'm learning WINAPI, I read there's no children control in the sense a C#'s TabControl control does, so you have to create elements and show/hide by yourself. I read it may be done by drawing a dialog box inside tab page's area so I went to create a borderless dialog box being tab control's child, to make it have effect like C#'s. But I still couldn't make it. My dialog box is floating rather being tab control's child. I don't know to make it inside the tab page, I've tried setting the hWndParent to tab control's HWND and WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT flags in dwExStyle but still is floating over the tab control. Different approaches to solve this are welcome. I'm creating the tab control like this:
void AddTabControl(HWND hwnd)
{
hTab = CreateWindowW(WC_TABCONTROLW, NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_TABSTOP,
0, 30, 250, 250,
hwnd,
(HMENU) 9,
NULL,
NULL);
InsertTabItem(hTab, 10, L"A");
InsertTabItem(hTab, 11, L"B");
}
void InsertTabItem(HWND tabHwnd, UINT id, LPWSTR text)
{
TCITEMW tci = {0};
tci.mask = TCIF_TEXT;
tci.pszText = text;
tci.cchTextMax = lstrlenW(text);
if(SendMessage(tabHwnd, TCM_INSERTITEMW, id, (LPARAM) &tci) == -1) {
MessageBox(NULL,
L"couldn't create the new tab page",
L"tab errror",
MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
}
}
And the dialog box like this:
void CreateDialogBox(HWND hwnd)
{
CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT, // WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW to hide window from ALT+TAB
L"DialogClass", L"Dialog Box",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU,
100, 100, 400, 150,
hTab, NULL, ghInstance, NULL
);
}
the result is:
the expected result (made from C#, just for example, ignore the color differences, I'll fix this later):
here's the full code:
#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "Comctl32.lib")
#define UNICODE
#include <windows.h>
#include <Commctrl.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK DialogProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void CreateDialogBox(HWND);
void RegisterDialogClass(HWND);
void AddTabControl(HWND hwnd);
void InsertTabItem(HWND tabHwnd, UINT id, LPWSTR text);
HINSTANCE ghInstance;
HWND mainWindow;
HWND hTab;
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
MSG msg = {0};
HWND hwnd;
WNDCLASSW wc = {0};
wc.lpszClassName = L"Window";
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hbrBackground = GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_3DFACE);
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
RegisterClassW(&wc);
hwnd = CreateWindowW(wc.lpszClassName, L"Window",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
100, 100, 500, 350, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
mainWindow = hwnd;
ghInstance = hInstance;
while( GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
RegisterDialogClass(hwnd);
AddTabControl(hwnd);
CreateDialogBox(hwnd);
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
CreateDialogBox(hwnd);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
}
return DefWindowProcW(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
LRESULT CALLBACK DialogProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg) {
case WM_CREATE:
CreateWindowW(L"button", L"A",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD ,
50, 50, 80, 25, hwnd, (HMENU) 1, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindowW(L"button", L"B",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD ,
150, 50, 80, 25, hwnd, (HMENU) 2, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindowW(L"button", L"C",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD ,
250, 50, 80, 25, hwnd, (HMENU) 3, NULL, NULL);
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
break;
}
return (DefWindowProcW(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam));
}
void RegisterDialogClass(HWND hwnd)
{
WNDCLASSEXW wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW);
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC) DialogProc;
wc.hInstance = ghInstance;
wc.hbrBackground = GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_3DFACE);
wc.lpszClassName = L"DialogClass";
RegisterClassExW(&wc);
}
void CreateDialogBox(HWND hwnd)
{
CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT, // WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW to hide window from ALT+TAB
L"DialogClass", L"Dialog Box",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU,
100, 100, 400, 150,
hTab, NULL, ghInstance, NULL
);
}
void AddTabControl(HWND hwnd)
{
hTab = CreateWindowW(WC_TABCONTROLW, NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_TABSTOP,
0, 30, 250, 250,
hwnd,
(HMENU) 9,
NULL,
NULL);
InsertTabItem(hTab, 10, L"A");
InsertTabItem(hTab, 11, L"B");
}
void InsertTabItem(HWND tabHwnd, UINT id, LPWSTR text)
{
TCITEMW tci = {0};
tci.mask = TCIF_TEXT;
tci.pszText = text;
tci.cchTextMax = lstrlenW(text);
if(SendMessage(tabHwnd, TCM_INSERTITEMW, id, (LPARAM) &tci) == -1) {
MessageBox(NULL,
L"couldn't create the new tab page",
L"tab errror",
MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
}
}
When you created the dialog box control, you lacked the WS_CHILD style and added the WS_POPUP style, which caused the dialog box you generated to float.
You only need to modify it to the WS_CHILD style, and appropriately modify the size of the control to achieve your desired effect.
void CreateDialogBox(HWND hwnd)
{
CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT, // WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW to hide window from ALT+TAB
L"DialogClass", L"Dialog Box",
WS_VISIBLE | WS_SYSMENU | WS_CHILD ,
10, 30, 350, 150,
hTab, NULL, ghInstance, NULL
);
}
void AddTabControl(HWND hwnd)
{
hTab = CreateWindowW(WC_TABCONTROLW, NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_TABSTOP,
10, 30, 400, 250,
hwnd,
(HMENU)9,
NULL,
NULL);
InsertTabItem(hTab, 10, L"A");
InsertTabItem(hTab, 11, L"B");
}
It works like this:
I'd like to the tab page's text value works with unicode strings but currently it's only showing the first letter of the word. I'm using TCITEMW struct so that pszText is of LPWSTR type, so I can unicode strings, such as L"café" but it isn't working, it only shows the first world's first letter. The type size match, what am I missing? here's the code used to create the tab control:
void AddTabControl(HWND hwnd)
{
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX icex;
HWND hTab;
/* initialize this component is required to use tab control,
it seems.
*/
icex.dwSize = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX);
icex.dwICC = ICC_TAB_CLASSES;
InitCommonControlsEx(&icex);
hTab = CreateWindowW(WC_TABCONTROLW, NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,
0, 30, 250, 250,
hwnd, (HMENU) ID_MAIN_TABCONTROL,
NULL, NULL);
InsertTabItem(hTab, ID_TABPAGE_HOME, L"Résumé");
InsertTabItem(hTab, ID_TABPAGE_LOG, L"Domôdé");
InsertTabItem(hTab, ID_TABPAGE_READ, L"Café");
}
void InsertTabItem(HWND tabHwnd, UINT id, LPWSTR text)
{
TCITEMW tci = {0};
tci.mask = TCIF_TEXT;
tci.pszText = text;
tci.cchTextMax = lstrlenW(text);
if(SendMessage(tabHwnd, TCM_INSERTITEM, id, (LPARAM) &tci) == -1) {
MessageBox(NULL,
"couldn't create the new tab page",
"tab errror",
MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
}
}
And the output goes like this:
I have created a tab control that contains two tabs. Inside each tab there will be a container window to hold other controls (in the code example, a static control for instance). The idea is that when a new tab is selected, it will hide/show the correct container window that holds a bunch of controls. However I am struggling to get the container windows holding the static controls to show. This is the code so far:
#include <windows.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
#define ID_TABCTRL 1
#define ID_STATIC0 2
#define ID_STATIC1 3
#define ID_TAB0 4
#define ID_TAB1 5
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HWND hTab, hTab0, hTab1;
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
wc.lpszClassName = TEXT("Tab control");
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hbrBackground = GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_3DFACE);
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
RegisterClass(&wc);
CreateWindow(wc.lpszClassName, TEXT("Tab control"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, 100, 100, 250, 200, 0, 0, hInstance, 0);
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
TCITEM tie;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX icex;
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
icex.dwSize = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX);
icex.dwICC = ICC_TAB_CLASSES;
InitCommonControlsEx(&icex);
tie.mask = TCIF_TEXT;
///// Create Tab Control /////
hTab = CreateWindow(WC_TABCONTROL, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 200, 150, hwnd, (HMENU)ID_TABCTRL, NULL, NULL);
///// Create Individual Tabs /////
tie.pszText = TEXT("First");
SendMessage(hTab, TCM_INSERTITEM, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTCITEM)&tie);
tie.pszText = TEXT("Second");
SendMessage(hTab, TCM_INSERTITEM, 1, (LPARAM)(LPTCITEM)&tie);
///// Create Container windows for each tab /////
hTab0 = CreateWindow(0, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 200, 150, hTab, (HMENU)ID_TAB0, NULL, NULL);
hTab1 = CreateWindow(0, NULL, WS_CHILD, 0, 0, 200, 150, hTab, (HMENU)ID_TAB1, NULL, NULL);
///// Add example control to one of the tab container windows /////
CreateWindow(TEXT("Static"), TEXT("Yay!"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_LEFT, 20, 30, 50, 25, hTab0, (HMENU)ID_STATIC0, NULL, NULL);
CreateWindow(TEXT("Static"), TEXT("It appears to be working"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_LEFT, 20, 30, 100, 50, hTab1, (HMENU)ID_STATIC1, NULL, NULL);
break;
case WM_NOTIFY:
switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
{
case TCN_SELCHANGE:
switch (TabCtrl_GetCurSel(hTab))
{
///// Show or Hide the appropriate tabs /////
case 0:
ShowWindow(hTab1, SW_HIDE);
ShowWindow(hTab0, SW_SHOW);
case 1:
ShowWindow(hTab0, SW_HIDE);
ShowWindow(hTab1, SW_SHOW);
}
}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
return(DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam));
}
Is it just a case of the container windows hTab0 and hTab1 being stuck behind the tab window (hTab)?
First, you need to change the position of the tab and static form, otherwise it will block the generated content.
Then you can define the generated static text directly through CreateWindow, by using WC_STATIC.
#include <Windows.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("windows");
HWND hwnd;
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wndclass;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
{
MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);
}
hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName,
TEXT("the hello program"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hwnd,iCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
while (GetMessageW(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessageW(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
static HINSTANCE hInstance;
static HWND hwndTab = 0 , hwndStatic1,hwndStatic2;
TCITEM tie;
RECT rcClient;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX icex;
icex.dwSize = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX);
icex.dwICC = ICC_TAB_CLASSES;
TCHAR tabLBL1[256];
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rcClient);
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance;
hwndTab = CreateWindow(WC_TABCONTROL, L"",
WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_VISIBLE,
0, 0, rcClient.right, rcClient.bottom,
hwnd, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
//Add tabs for each day of the week.
tie.mask = TCIF_TEXT | TCIF_IMAGE;
tie.iImage = -1;
wsprintf(tabLBL1, L"tab1");
tie.pszText = tabLBL1;
TabCtrl_InsertItem(hwndTab, 0, &tie);
wsprintf(tabLBL1, L"tab2");
TabCtrl_InsertItem(hwndTab, 1, &tie);
hwndStatic1 = CreateWindow(WC_STATIC, L"123",
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,
200, 200, 100, 100, // Position and dimensions; example only.
hwndTab, NULL, hInstance, // g_hInst is the global instance handle
NULL);
hwndStatic2 = CreateWindow(WC_STATIC, L"456",
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,
400, 200, 100, 100, // Position and dimensions; example only.
hwndTab, NULL, hInstance, // g_hInst is the global instance handle
NULL);
ShowWindow(hwndStatic1, TRUE);
ShowWindow(hwndStatic2, FALSE);
return 0;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
case WM_NOTIFY:
if (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code == TCN_SELCHANGE)
{
int tabID = TabCtrl_GetCurSel(hwndTab);
switch (tabID)
{
case 0:
ShowWindow(hwndStatic1, TRUE);
ShowWindow(hwndStatic2, FALSE);
break;
case 1:
ShowWindow(hwndStatic1, FALSE);
ShowWindow(hwndStatic2, TRUE);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
Zhu Song's answer helped solved the problem (the container windows needing to be a static control, and needing to be positioned inside the tab control's space, below the clickable tabs).
Here is the result, swapping the two container window creation lines:
hTab0 = CreateWindow(TEXT("Static"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 1, 25, 197, 123, hTab, (HMENU)ID_TAB0, NULL, NULL);
hTab1 = CreateWindow(TEXT("Static"), NULL, WS_CHILD, 1, 25, 197, 123, hTab, (HMENU)ID_TAB1, NULL, NULL);
Note how the container window sizes and position are small enough to just fit inside the main tab control window (you can add WS_BORDER to the style to see where exactly it fits).
I am using plain C ,and here is the code :
Creating the button:
HWND hBTN = CreateWindow(_T("button"), _T("AAasfasdfdsa"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, 10, 10, 100, 100, hWnd, NULL, hInst, NULL);
Call DWM function:
DWM_BLURBEHIND bb = { 0 };
bb.dwFlags = DWM_BB_ENABLE;
bb.fEnable = true;
bb.hRgnBlur = NULL;
MARGINS margins = { -1, -1, -1, -1 };
DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(hWnd, &margins);
image demonstrates:
The text becomes transparent because the black colour is treated as the transparency key.
Therefore, you just need to set another transparency key for the window:
SetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_EXSTYLE,WS_EX_LAYERED);
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hWnd,RGB(200,201,202),0,LWA_COLORKEY);
I'm using C - (NO MFC or GDI+) :-)
What I want is to set the opacity of my child window to let say 100 (my child window is a STATIC control). I was wondering if this is even possible and if so can someone please point me to the right direction on how to do it.
Here is my setup:
I create my Parent window as follow:
HWND hWnd;
WNDCLASS wndCls_s;
wndCls_s.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;
wndCls_s.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc;
wndCls_s.cbClsExtra = 0;
wndCls_s.cbWndExtra = 0;
wndCls_s.hInstance = hInstance;
wndCls_s.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_BSN_64));
wndCls_s.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wndCls_s.hbrBackground = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 0, 0));
wndCls_s.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndCls_s.lpszClassName = pszCName;
if (RegisterClass(&wndCls_s) == 0)
return EXIT_FAILURE;
/* Creating Window */
hWnd = CreateWindow(
pszCName, pszCName,
WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU | WS_CLIPCHILDREN,
0, 0, WND_WIDTH, WND_HEIGHT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
In my MainWndProc:
case WM_CREATE:
{
HWND hWndChild = CreateWindow(
L"STATIC", (LPCTSTR) NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,
10, 10, 110, 110,
hWnd, (HMENU) (int) 10000,
g_hInst, NULL);
}
break;
case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC:
{
COLORREF dwColor;
dwColor = RGB(255, 0, 0);
hDC = (HDC) wParam;
//SetBkColor(hDC, dwColor);
SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);
/*
This is not going to work for child window
SetWindowLong(
hWnd, GWL_EXSTYLE,
GetWindowLong((HWND)lParam, GWL_EXSTYLE) & ~WS_EX_LAYERED);
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(
(HWND)lParam, 0, 100, LWA_ALPHA);
RedrawWindow((HWND)lParam, NULL, NULL, RDW_ERASE | RDW_INVALIDATE);
*/
if (g_hBrushRed == NULL)
g_hBrushRed = CreateSolidBrush(dwColor);
}
return (INT_PTR)g_hBrushRed;
Why do you enable transparency with TRANSPARENT if you are going to return a valid brush for the background? You don't need SetBkMode and your red brush will be used by the control then.