I am encountering a problem with Clearcase. I do apologise in advance if I am unclear, or redundant since I am quite new to this VCS, coming from a Git background mainly, I might not know how to search correctly regarding my problems.
We have a new version (non-relevant to CC, business-wise) of the application every few months, and we create a new VOB and stream for each version each time. We have a generic stream in which we deliver the last baselines from a finished version, add a new baseline, then export the contents of the generic stream to a new VOB and Stream.
My problem is, being hasty I actually delivered into the the generic stream, not the last baseline, but a previous one. And on top of that, I added a brand new baseline to the generic stream.
I need to be able to deliver into my generic stream, the very last baseline from our previous business version of the application.
(I am mostly manipulating Clearcase project explorer, since I don't really know the cleartool command. I tried to use a few CLI solutions but could not manage to do so, but might be linked to how our Clearcase server is)
In order to do that, I tried to :
Delete the delivery activity. But there is an error when I try to do that : "Error : Cannot remove an activity with versions in its changeset". I tried to bypass this, helping myself with google, but could not manage to do so. I am afraid this is normal Clearcase behaviour, and cannot pursue this way.
Redeliver our last business version correctly, but it did not work because of my newly hastily created baseline in the generic stream.
I would take up on any clue, indication lead, since I cannot manage to find how to correctly advance upon this matter.
Thank you in advance.
It is simpler to:
deliver to the generic stream the right content (on top of the wrong one) and set a new baseline
rename the previous baseline into a "DO-NOT-USE" name
cleartool lock -obsolete the baseline, to make it invisible (rather than trying to delete it)
That way, you can resume your successive delivers/imports of each release, and forget about the wrong one.
If the baseline you created in that stream is the most recent baseline, and has not yet been used by another stream (either pulled in a rebase or delivered to another stream), you should be able to just remove it.
In any event, since your plan is to move forward by delivering a more recent baseline created in the same parent stream to this "generic" stream, you can just deliver the right baseline to this stream, make a new baseline, and optionally lock the previous baseline.
A couple of UCM gotchas you may want to be aware of:
If you deliver a baseline to another stream, the source baseline is permanently irremovable.
ALL deliver operations deliver baselines. If you don't create a baseline, the deliver operation creates a "deliverbl" baseline to deliver.
Removing streams is either non-trivial or impossible.
Removing projects where development work has been done is usually impossible.
For future reference, to remove an activity that is NOT in a baseline:
Describe the activity on the command line to get the list of versions. You may want to redirect the output into a file so you can copy and paste the version info into the next step more easily. To describe the activity, you need to use "cleartool describe activity:{id}#{project VOB tag}"
Remove all the versions in the change set using "cleartool rmver -xhlink {version ID}"
Remove the activity. Since the delivery is apparently completed, the activity should not be set.
Is there a ClearCase equivalent to hg shelve (or git stash for those of the other persuasion)? The closest I can think of is doing uncheckouts and saving keep files, but that means I'd have to hunt down the keep files afterwards, re-checkout the files and merge. I realize that ClearCase and Mercurial/Git have different philosophies behind them, but I'd be interested if there is any work in making ClearCase more "usable".
I listed a few for other version control tools, but none for ClearCase.
I explained, for ClearCase UCM, that a shelve command isn't easy to implement.
Instead of just saving the .keep files, you could save patches (unix diff between a .keep and its original version), since a patch can be re-applied later.
The other approach is to modify the config spec (easier when in a non-UCM view) in order to checking the currently modified versions in a new branch (see this config spec)
You can then decide to merge that branch later.
The philosophy is quite different.
In Clearcase, if you need to work on another branch/release, you usually have to use another Clearcase view. If you have Clearcase/UCM, it is even more true as you would use another view attached to another UCM stream. You would not be able to use the same view, whereas in Git, you would be able to stick to the same clone and perform a git stash, git checkout in order to start working on another release.
Now let's assume you need to work on another feature, for the same release. Under Clearcase/UCM, you would be able to create a new activity (cleartool mkact) and work on this new activity, using the same view. All the changes made will then be associated with this new activity. You will also be able to switch back to the previous activity using the command cleartool setact. The tricky part is if you need to deliver the activities separately. This will not necessarily possible as you might need to deliver both at the same time depending on the content of the changeset. This doc about determining dependent UCM activities is quite useful. If you need to move some changeset between activities, you can use the command cleartool chactivity with -fcset and -tcset options.
As a summary, with Clearcase UCM, if it is for different release, switch views and streams. If it is for the same release, play around with the UCM activities, knowing that it is less flexible than git stash.
I'm totally new to the world of programming and understand very little in terms of jargon and typical methodology.
A while ago I was writing some code, but accidentally deleted some good code while I was deleting bad code. From then on I started creating versions of my files, I would name each file with the date and a version number.
However, this is a pain in the ass, having to give an unique name to each file and then going to my core file and changing the reference to the name of the new file.
And then, just the other day I accidentally over wrote something important even with this method, probably because of a typo in naming.
Needless to say, this method sucks.
I'm looking for suggestions on better practices, better tools. I've been looking at version control, but a lot of them, git svn look really complicated. The idea is to speed up the whole versioning process, not make it harder by having to do command line.
Right now I'm hoping that there's a tool that would save an unique version of the file every time I hit ctrl-s, and give me one button to create a finalized version.
Of course if there are suggestions for totally different ways of doing things, that would be more awesome.
Thanks everyone.
There are two approaches to this problem:
Versioning on demand. This is the model used by subversion, CVS, etc., etc. When you have made a 'significant' change, you decide to tell the system "keep this version".
Automatic versioning. This is the model used by some old VAXen, Eclipse, IDEA, every wiki ever, and a few writer's tools. Every time you save, a new version is implicitly created. At some remove, old versions may be culled (e.g., only one version is kept from work performed a week ago, rather than every save).
It sounds like you would prefer #2, because it is "fool-proof" -- you never have to go, "oops, I should have 'checked in' / 'kept' my work before making this change." You can always roll back. One downside is that you have to manually step through the old versions to find something, because unlike with #1 you generally are not giving a description of each change.
Another downside is that for large files, or ones that are not easily diff'd/patched (i.e. binary files), you will start burning through disk space pretty fast..
As an aside, it sounds like you don't need 90% of the features in a standard SCM system -- branching, labeling, etc. -- but you might find uses for them eventually. So learning one may be a win in the long run. You can do this with svn, etc. but it will take some customizing. If you use a scriptable editor (emacs, vi, TextMate, whatever) you could redefine the "Save" command as "Save and make a new version".
Subversion is more or less the gold standard.
I'd suggest (especially for a newbie) that you check out BeanStalk (www.Beanstalkapp.com) to run your subversion server and TortoiseSVN for your client.
Good luck!
Whatever you do, if someone mentions Visual SourceSafe -- run as fast as you can. VSS was created by Satan himself and handed down to torment developers the world over.
I think you're in a position where you have to get a little bit out of your comfort zone and take some time to learn git. It's pretty easy to learn and use.
Believe me, it's really worth it. Time spent learning git is time well spent.
If you are not working in a team, you could use something like Eclipse's local history feature. It stores versions of your files locally, and you can revert to previous versions whenever you feel like it. More details here: http://help.eclipse.org/ganymede/index.jsp (Search for "local history"). I am pretty sure other IDEs have such a feature too.
If you are collaborating with others on your code, there probably is no way around learning one of the standard tools like SVN, CVS or git. For most of them, there are plugins for many IDEs available, so you don't have to use the command line.
I currently use Subversion, but my source control experience is limited.
I would however suggest reading the tutorial by Eric Sink.
http://www.ericsink.com/scm/source_control.html
Its best to learn how to use an existing 'industry standard' versioning tool like Subversion. Even if you're new to programming and version control, SVN isn't that hard to learn and will serve you well. I personally use and recommend VisualSVN Server and TortoiseSVN for Windows. Both are free and quite simple to use.
For a system that creates a revision on every save, perhaps you should look into a Versioning File System.
I think TortoiseSVN would be a good Subversion client for you to try if you're in Windows. It won't do what you're looking for with every-time-I-save-I-get-a-new-version--you'll have to manually "commit" versions to the repository. When you do a commit, that creates a new version, essentially saving your progress at that point. TortoiseSVN is pretty user-friendly, and it's a GUI, so you won't be working at the command line. You'll be able to do things like right-click a file in Windows Explorer and choose Commit to save your progress. Plus, TortoiseSVN is free and open source.
Subversion is not really complicated. If you are using Windows, TortiseSVN will help a lot, if you are using Eclipse, subclipse plug-in is awesome. (You probably should be using eclipse regardless :) )
Some of the others are a bit complicated, but you just have to know the pattern with eclipse. Maybe you could "Try it out" with an open source project or some existing subversion server.
The cycle would be:
First you "Check out" a repository. This fills up your specified directory with the contents from the repository.
If you are doing it from the command line--it's "svn co"--there is enough help there to figure out the rest.
Second you edit your files. You don't have to lock them or anything.
if you add a new file, you use "svn add filename" as soon as you add it. This won't actually change the repository until you commit your changes.
When a group of edits are done, you check them in with "svn ci" (also svn commit works).
This one has a SLIGHT twist that you'll always forget--every commit needs a comment. You don't have to specify the files you are committing or anything, but you do need to be in the top level of your project (it will commit everything below your directory.
So the procedure here is, go to the "root" of your project tree and type:
svn ci -m "comment"
piece of cake.
Finally, IF someone else is checking stuff in things get SLIGHTLY stranger. before you commit, you should "update" and get their changes. "svn up" is all it takes, but it may warn you that there were merges. This only happens when both of you edited the same file, and 90% of the time, the merges will go okay. the rest of the time, it will put little markers in your file telling you what you changed and what they changed. The "up" command will tell you which files it did this to. Go look at them and clean the file up before you check the file in.
Always test between "svn up" and "svn ci", you never know if their crappy changes busted your pristine code.
That's really it. It's so easy from the CLI, that the graphics environments are hardly worth it (but subclipse is really nice if you are in eclipse anyway because it will visually show you modified files that need to be checked in).
If you ever forget, svn's command line help is extremely terse and useful, tells you JUST what you need to know, and has help on all the sub-commands and options.
If you're looking for an easy-to-set-up version control system for Windows, I highly recommend TortoiseHg, an easy-to-use Mercurial frontend for Windows. You don't have to worry about setting up and keeping track of a repository separate from your files, but you always can do so if you'd like to. Mercurial is a great tool because it can grow with your needs. It has all the usual features like easy merging, etc. and is quite a bit easier to wrap your head around than Git in my experience.
I think Git is really easy to use especially when you use GitHub. They also provide lots of good guides to get up and running.
http://github.com
http://github.com/guides/home
I've used Git, SVN, CVS, and Perforce. On both Windows and Unix environments.
My vote is definitely for SVN, as it's ease of use, and flexibility. I prever to use command-line now, but at one time I was using TortoiseSVN for Windows, which we were able to get non-technical people to use without a hitch.
Use SVN.
You're definitely on the right track with recognizing the need for version control, but sound unsure what that might mean to you and your work. Once you learn the concepts behind version control systems, you will really come to appreciate them.
The concepts are simple: a source code control system is a piece of software designed to help you store and manage your code. How you get code into and out of it differ based on which system you choose: one paradigm is that you deliberately "check out" a file, make your changes to it, test it and make sure it's good, then check it back in. Another is that you simply save every change you make because disk space is dirt cheap, much cheaper than your time and effort spent to create the source in the first place.
Another important concept is the "baseline" or "label". When your product is in a ready-to-ship state, you tell the source code control system to create a "label" and tag every current item your entire source code base with that label. That way, when someone reports a bug in version 4.1 you can go to your system, request all the files with the "Version 4.1" label and get exactly the source code they're having a problem with.
Having a source control tool integrated with your development environment makes the whole process much easier than having to mess with command lines. (Don't discount command line because of their complexity, they deliver elegant control to an experienced user, and you eventually will become an experienced user.) But for now, I'd recommend a source code tool that can automate the process as much as possible.
Some things to consider: are you now, or are you planning to share the development with another developer? That might make a difference on how you want to set up a server. If you're developing alone on your own box, you can set it all up locally, but that's probably not the best approach for a team. (If you're unsure, git is very flexible in that arena.) Are you going to be storing large multimedia files, or just source code? Some source code systems are designed to efficiently store only text files, and will not handle movies, sounds or image files very well.
Something else to know is that most newer source control systems require some kind of "daemon" program running on the server (Subversion, git, Perforce, Microsoft Team Foundation Server) while the older, simpler systems just use the file system directly (Visual Source Safe, cvs) and don't require a server program.
If you don't want to learn much and your demands are low, the simpler solutions should suffice. Microsoft's Visual Source Safe used to come with their visual studio products, and was a very simple to use tool. It's not very robust, it's Microsoft-only, and it can't handle large files well, but it's very, very easy to set up and use. If you don't want to spend money, Subversion and git are two stellar open source solutions, and there is a lot of documentation for both on the web.
If you like to spend money, Perforce is considered an excellent choice for professional development teams (and I believe they have a free single-developer version.) If you really like to spend lots of money and want to make Bill Gates happy, Microsoft's Team Foundation Server is a complete software development lifecycle manager, is extremely easy to use in the Windows environment, and very powerful; but you'd probably want to devote an entire Windows server (plus SQL Server) instance to host it, and it will cost you several thousand dollars just on licenses. Unfortunately it is not the right tool for a one-man shop, or if you have no Windows admin experience.
If you have the budget or the connections, bringing in an experienced software engineer to help you get things started might be the quickest path to success. Otherwise, you'll have to do some more research to learn which systems best fit your situation.
Whatever VCS you use, if you choose versioning on demand instead of automatic versioning (to borrow terms from Alex's post), you will have to go through some ceremony to:
-create,
-rename,
-move,
-copy, or
-delete
a file that is under source control.
When you create a new file, you have to Add it to source control before you Commit your changes to the repository.
When you rename, move, copy, or delete a file under source control, do so with your VCS client. In TortoiseSVN and TortoiseGit, the move and copy operations are done with a right-click-and-drag, whereas the rename and delete operations are available via a right-click.
As you can imagine, changing things like the name of a project can be quite the hassle, hence the case for automatic versioning.
Ordinary file edits and any changes to files not under source control, do not require you to tell your VCS client about them.
Finally, for one-man projects, I prefer git over SVN because SVN requires at least 2 copies of everything: a repository (the "master" copy of the files and history) and a working copy (the copy you do your work on). With git, the repository and working copy are the same thing, which makes my experience simpler.
We use SourceGear Vault, which has great integration with Visual Studio, and is free for a single user. Depending on what framework and languages you're using, though, Subversion is a great free solution.
First of all, please read these articles by Eric Sink. Eric sink runs a company that creates a Source Control system called Vault. He explains in a newbie friendly manner how to do source control, best practices etc:
Introduction to Source Control
I found it invaluable when I first wanted to understand Source Control.
SourceGear Vault is FREE for a single user. It's interface is intuitive and integrates well with Visual Studio.
If it's just you, you might want to try Bazaar. It's distributed like Git (so it'll be nice for a single person--no server to deal with), but one of their main goals was to make it it much easier to use than Git.
Also, there is a handy gui tool that should make it amazingly easy to use called ToroiseBzr. http://bazaar-vcs.org/TortoiseBzr
There is in fact such a tool. It is called emacs.
Just create yourself a "~/.emacs" file and put the following lines in it:
(setq kept-new-versions 5)
(setq kept-old-versions 5)
And then restart emacs.
This tells emacs to save your 5 oldest and 5 newest versions of that file. They will be kept in files named filename~n~ where "filename" is your file's normal name, and "n" is the backup number.
If you develop your project alone (don't need ane server for collaboration) Mercurial might be you system of choice. I personally value one of its features: it only uses one place to save its information, it is the .hg directory in the root of your project. It doesn't put its data into every directory (like SVN). This way the archive and the project directory is easy to manage.
I've used Visual Source Safe, Perforce, and Subversion. They were all fine, but I would have to say that the support and extensions for Subversion just seemed slightly better. If you're planning on entering/staying in the software industry, you MUST know the fundamentals to source control, and I would highly recommend setting up one of the source control services. Subversion would be my recommendation and is free as well. It will be complicated at first, but you really should use a SVN client to add a GUI to increase utility and cut down on all the complication you're observing.
I quick google of "dreamweaver svn" reveals that many people are working with Subversion in Dreamweaver. I'm a advocate of version control, and SVN in particular, so I would recommend you look into that :)
If you don't want to use a full on version control system (as noted above), you may be able to improve your lot by refining and automating the procedure you described originally. Depending on your comfort with the tools you should be able to put together a script in DreamWeaver itself or in Windows Scripting ( Powershell, VBA, Perl, etc ) that will at least make date-named copies of the folder you are working in every so often. This will keep you from having to do it and make sure there aren't any typo-related problems. Further down that path you can have your script put a copy of your work on a backup drive or remote server, and then you'd have a back up, too.
I'm afraid I don't know much about DreamWeaver, but if it has much scripting support built-in you may even be able to "hook" into the Save/ Auto-Save functions and have them do exactly what you want.
Hope this helps,
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