What is going on under the hood for Backbone's extend? - backbone.js

I tried to look through the docs but couldn't find the source for Backbone's extend. Reading how underscore's extend works, it seems like when you do extend, you are returned the destination object with added properties -
extend_.extend(destination, *sources) Copy all of the properties in
the source objects over to the destination object, and return the
destination object. It's in-order, so the last source will override
properties of the same name in previous arguments.
_.extend({name: 'moe'}, {age: 50});
=> {name: 'moe', age: 50}
So, if Backbone is using this #extend method under the hood for Model#extend, then in the below, does that mean that Backbone's Model object just got more properties?
var Note = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function() { ... },
author: function() { ... },
coordinates: function() { ... },
allowedToEdit: function(account) {
return true; }
});
If after making Note, I make a Book -
var Book = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function() { ... },
coordinates: function() { ... },
allowedToEdit: function(account) {
return true; }
});
Will book also have a author property that is left over from the make of the Note since that extend added the author property to the Backbone's Model object?

Related

How to trigger collection's method from a model method with a current model as a parameter

I have the following setup:
var Chapter = Backbone.Model;
var chapters = new Backbone.Collection;
chapters.add(new Chapter({index: 9, title: "The End"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({index: 5, title: "The Middle"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({index: 1, title: "The Beginning"}));
On request I need to change index of chapters. Is there any way for me to implement method changeIndexes on the Chapters collection with the following syntax:
var Chapters = Backbone.Collection.extend({
changeIndexes: function(model, bool: increase) {
// change indexes of the model and sibling models here
}
});
and methods increase and decrease on the model from collections:
var Chapter = Backbone.Model.extend({
increase: function() {},
decrease: function() {}
);
and have method changeIndexes triggered with model and increase=true whenever a modelFromCollection.increse() is triggered, and with increase=false whenever a modelFromCollection.decrease() is triggered?
My first guess is to use custom events propagated within a collection. Is this a way to go or maybe there's a better approach?
To call changeIndexes from the model's function, the collection can be directly referenced.
var Chapter = Backbone.Model.extend({
increase: function(){
this.collection.changeIndexes(this, true);
},
decrease: function(){
this.collection.changeIndexes(this, false);
},
});
Alternatively, the collection can listen to the change event on the models.
var Chapters = Backbone.Collection.extend({
initialize: function(){
this.on('change:index', this.changeIndexes_2);
},
changeIndexes_2: function(model, attrValue) {
// do something
}
});

Backbone localstorage A "url" property or function must be specified

I am creating a small application based on a backbone example with the backbone-localstorage plugin.
When saving the data for a new model I always get the error "A "url" property or function must be specified"
After reading through several simular topics I'm still not able to find the cause for this.
Model:
directory.models.EmployeeCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
localStorage: new Backbone.LocalStorage("EmployeeCollection"),
model: directory.models.Employee,
store: directory.utils.store,
findByName: function(key) {
this.reset(this.store.findByName(key));
}
});
The view:
directory.views.newEmployeeView = Backbone.View.extend({
tagName: "div",
initialize: function() {
this.template = _.template(directory.utils.templateLoader.get('new-employee'));
},
events: {
"click .save": "saveEmployee"
},
render: function(eventName) {
$(this.el).html(this.template(this.model.toJSON()));
return this;
},
saveEmployee: function(event){
this.model.set({
firstName:$('#newFirstName').val(),
lastName:$('#newLastName').val(),
title:$('#newTitle').val(),
city:$('#newCity').val(),
officePhone:$('#newOfficePhone').val(),
cellPhone:$('#newCellPhone').val(),
email:$('#newEmail').val()
});
this.model.save();
window.history.back();
return false;
}
});
I think you need the new model to be a member of your collection before you attempt to persist it. Try creating a new instance of your collection and passing it to the view (probably in your router) like this:
new newEmployeeView({ collection: new EmployeeCollection() });
In your view you can use Backbone's create convenience method (see docs) to add a new instance of the model to the collection and persist it:
this.collection.create({
firstName:$('#newFirstName').val(),
lastName:$('#newLastName').val(),
title:$('#newTitle').val(),
city:$('#newCity').val(),
officePhone:$('#newOfficePhone').val(),
cellPhone:$('#newCellPhone').val(),
email:$('#newEmail').val()
});

How can I bind the model to the view?

When the view is initialized, how can I bind the model to the specific View that is created? The view is current initialized at the start of the application. Also, how can I bind the model to the collection?
(function ($) { //loads at the dom everything
//Creation, Edit, Deletion, Date
var Note = Backbone.Model.extend({
defaults: {
text: "write here...",
done: false
},
initialize: function (){
if(!this.get("text")){
this.set({"text": this.default.text});
}
},
edit: function (){
this.save({done: !this.get("done")});
},
clear: function (){
this.destroy();
}
});
var NoteList = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model:Note
});
var NoteView = Backbone.View.extend ({
el: "body",
initialize: function(){
alert("initialized");
var list = new NoteList;
return list;
},
events: {
"click #lol" : "createNote"
},
createNote : function(){
var note = new Note;
this.push(note);
alert("noted");
}
});
var ninja = new NoteView;
})(jQuery);
Update
I just took a look at #James Woodruff's answer, and that prompted me to take another look at your code. I didn't look closely enough the first time, but I'm still not sure what you're asking. If you're asking how to have a model or view listen for and handle events triggered on the other, then check out James's example of calling bind() to have the view listen for change (or change:attr) events on the model (although I'd recommend using on() instead of bind(), depending what version of Backbone you're using).
But based on looking at your code again, I've revised my answer, because I see some things you're trying to do in ways that don't make sense, so maybe that's what you're asking about.
New Answer
Here's the code from your question, with comments added by me:
var NoteView = Backbone.View.extend ({
// JMM: This doesn't make sense. You wouldn't normally pass `el`
// to extend(). I think what you really mean here is
// passing el : $( "body" )[0] to your constructor when you
// instantiate the view, as there can only be one BODY element.
el: "body",
initialize: function(){
alert("initialized");
// JMM: the next 2 lines of code won't accomplish anything.
// Your NoteList object will just disappear into thin air.
// Probably what you want is one of the following:
// this.collection = new NoteList;
// this.list = new NoteList;
// this.options.list = new NoteList;
var list = new NoteList;
// Returning something from initialize() won't normally
// have any effect.
return list;
},
events: {
"click #lol" : "createNote"
},
createNote : function(){
var note = new Note;
// JMM: the way you have your code setup, `this` will be
// your view object when createNote() is called. Depending
// what variable you store the NoteList object in (see above),
// you want something here like:
// this.collection.push( note ).
this.push(note);
alert("noted");
}
});
Here is a revised version of your code incorporating changes to the things I commented on:
var NoteView = Backbone.View.extend( {
initialize : function () {
this.collection = new NoteList;
},
// initialize
events : {
"click #lol" : "createNote"
},
// events
createNote : function () {
this.collection.push( new Note );
// Or, because you've set the `model` property of your
// collection class, you can just pass in attrs.
this.collection.push( {} );
}
// createNote
} );
var note = new NoteView( { el : $( "body" )[0] } );
You have to bind views to models so when a model updates [triggers an event], all of the corresponding views that are bound to the model update as well. A collection is a container for like models... for example: Comments Collection holds models of type Comment.
In order to bind a view to a model they both have to be instantiated. Example:
var Note = Backbone.Model.extend({
defaults: {
text: "write here..."
},
initialize: function(){
},
// More code here...
});
var NoteView = Backbone.View.extend({
initialize: function(){
// Listen for a change in the model's text attribute
// and render the change in the DOM.
this.model.bind("change:text", this.render, this);
},
render: function(){
// Render the note in the DOM
// This is called anytime a 'Change' event
// from the model is fired.
return this;
},
// More code here...
});
Now comes the Collection.
var NoteList = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: Note,
// More code here...
});
Now it is time to instantiate everything.
var Collection_NoteList = new NoteList();
var Model_Note = new Note();
var View_Note = new NoteView({el: $("Some Element"), model: Model_Note});
// Now add the model to the collection
Collection_NoteList.add(Model_Note);
I hope this answers your question(s) and or leads you in the right direction.

backbone router and collection issue

I have a collection and I need to access a model in the collection when a route is fired:
App.Houses = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: App.House,
url: API_URL,
})
App.houseCollection = new App.Houses()
App.houseCollection.fetch();
App.HouseDetailRouter = Backbone.Router.extend({
routes: {
'': 'main',
'details/:id': 'details',
},
initialize: function() {
},
main: function() {
App.Events.trigger('show_main_view');
},
details: function(id) {
model = App.houseCollection.get(id);
console.log(model);
App.Events.trigger('show_house', model);
},
});
The result of that console.log(model) is undefined. I think that this is the case because the collection has not finished the fetch() call?
I want to attach the model to the event that I am firing so that the views that respond to the event can utilize it. I might be taking a bad approach, I am not sure.
One of the views that responds to the event:
App.HouseDetailView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: '.house-details-area',
initialize: function() {
this.template = _.template($('#house-details-template').html());
App.Events.on('show_house', this.render, this);
App.Events.on('show_main_view', this.hide, this);
},
events: {
'click .btn-close': 'hide',
},
render: function(model) {
var html = this.template({model:model.toJSON()});
$(this.el).html(html);
$(this.el).show();
},
hide: function() {
$(this.el).hide();
App.detailsRouter.navigate('/', true);
}
});
EDIT: Somewhat hacky fix: See details()
App.HouseDetailRouter = Backbone.Router.extend({
routes: {
'': 'main',
'details/:id': 'details',
},
initialize: function() {
},
main: function() {
App.Events.trigger('show_main_view');
},
details: function(id) {
if (App.houseCollection.models.length === 0) {
// if we are browsing to website.com/#details/:id
// directly, and the collection has not finished fetch(),
// we fetch the model.
model = new App.House();
model.id = id;
model.fetch({
success: function(data) {
App.Events.trigger('show_house', data);
}
});
} else {
// if we are getting to website.com/#details after browsing
// to website.com, the collection is already populated.
model = App.houseCollection.get(id);
App.Events.trigger('show_house', model);
}
},
});
Since you are using neither the callbacks nor events to know when the collection's fetch call completes, perhaps fetching the collection is generating an error, or the model you want is not included in the server response, or you are routing to the view before fetch has completed.
As to your approach, here are some miscellaneous tips:
better to pass the model to the view in the view's constructor's options parameter. render() takes no arguments and I think it is unconventional to change that.
Always return this from render() in your views
You can move your this.template = _.template code to the object literal you pass to extend. This code only needs to be run once per app load, not for each individual view
For now the simplest thing may be to instantiate just a model and a view inside your details route function, call fetch on the specific model of interest, and use the success callback to know when to render the view.

populating nested collection with nested json

Solution
in my route
Myapp.Routes = Backbone.Router.extend({
init: function(){
user = new User();
user.fetch({user,
success: function(response){
user.classlist = new classes(response.attributes.classes);
});
}
});
I've got a serialized json array being returned from my server, and I am trying to put the nested objects into my nested collections.
This answer, I thought was going to get me there, but I'm missing something.
How to build a Collection/Model from nested JSON with Backbone.js
The json which I am trying to populate my nested model with is
{first_name: "Pete",age: 27, classes: [{class_name: "math", class_code: 42},{class_name: "french", class_code: 18}]}
I create my user model
MyApp.Models.Users = = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function(){
this.classlist = new MyApp.Collections.ClassList();
this.classlist.parent = this;
}
});
I had tried to follow the example on the other page, and use
this.classlist = new MyApp.Collections.ClassList(this.get('classes'));
this.classlist.parent = this;
but this.get('classes') returns undefined.
I've also tried getting the classes array through this.attributes.classes, but that is also undefined.
------------updated to include re-initialize --------------------
The function where I am initializing the user and classes is in the User routes and is called re-initialize. I use this function to fetch the user and their classes and store the object.
re_initialize: function(id){
user = new MyApp.Models.User();
MyApp.editingClasses.url = 'classes/'+id;
MyApp.editingClasses.fetch({
success: function(response){
MyApp.editingClasses.parse(response);
}
});
new MyApp.Views.ClassesInput();
},
As you can see, I'm calling the parse explicitly in the success function, but it isn't adding the classes to the collection.
I can't include the 'collection' because for some reason I can't access it in backbone.
the user model, after getting returned to backbone includes the classes array, which I am trying to put into the ClassList collection.
The user model object copied from the javascript terminal looks like this.
attributes: Object
created_at: "2012-01-05T16:05:19Z"
id: 63
classes: Array[3]
0: Object
created_at: "2012-01-18T20:53:34Z"
id: 295
teacher_id: 63
class_code: 42
updated_at: "2012-01-18T20:53:34Z"
class_name: math
__proto__: Object
1: Object
2: Object
length: 3
__proto__: Array[0]
You can use the parse function to pre-process the server response:
MyApp.Models.Users = Backbone.Model.extend({
parse: function(response) {
var classesJSON = response.classes;
var classesCollection = MyApp.Collections.ClassList(classesJSON);
response.classes = classesCollection;
return response;
}
});
var user = new MyApp.Models.Users();
user.fetch();
// You should now be able to get the classlist with:
user.get('classes');
That said, the approach suggested in the other question should also work. It could be that when your initialize function is called, the model hasn't yet been populated with the data?
For example, if you're doing:
var user = new MyApp.Models.Users();
It won't have any attributes yet to give to the classlist collection. Could that be your problem?
Okay! you can maybe fetch the classes this way :
Model :
window.person = Backbone.Model.extend({
defaults: { }
});
Collection :
window.ClassesCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: person,
url: "http://your/url/data.json",
parse: function(response){
return response.classes;
}
});
Router :
window.AppRouter = Backbone.Router.extend({
routes: {
"" : "init"
},
init: function(){
this.classesColl = new ClassesCollection();
this.classesColl.fetch();
this.classesView = new ClassesView({collection: this.classesColl});
}
});
View : (for rendering every classes)
window.ClassesView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: $('...'),
template: _.template($("...").html()),
initialize: function() {
this.collection.bind("reset", this.render, this);
},
render: function(collection) {
_.each( collection.models, function(obj){
...
//obj.get('class_name') or obj.get('class_code')
...
}, this );
...
return this;
}
});

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