I want to slice a word eg: SMILE into :
S
M
I
L
E
I did it like this
SEL SUBSTR(EMP_NAME,1,1) FROM etlt5.employe where EMP_ID='28008'
UNION ALL
SEL SUBSTR(EMP_NAME,2,1) FROM etlt5.employe where EMP_ID='28008'
UNION ALL
SEL SUBSTR(EMP_NAME,3,1) FROM etlt5.employe where EMP_ID='28008'
I also tried it with recursive query but no final results.is there a better way of doing this because this looks more like a hardcoded one.
You could use STRTOK_SPLIT_TO_TABLE to do this. STRTOK_SPLIT_TO_TABLE splits a field by a delimiter and then takes each token (stuff between the delimiter) and sticks it in it's own record of a new derived table.
In your case you don't have a delimiter between the characters of "SMILE" so we can use some REGEXP_REPLACE magic to stick a comma between each letter, and then split that to a table:
WITH test (id, word) AS (SELECT 1, 'SMILE')
SELECT D.*
FROM TABLE (strtok_split_to_table(test.id, REGEXP_REPLACE(test.word, '([a-zA-Z])', ',\1'), ',')
RETURNS
( id integer
, rownum integer
, new_col varchar(100)character set unicode)
) as d
I've used this STRTOK_SPLIT_TO_TABLE(REGEXP_REPLACE()) before to split apart document numbers in order to determine a check digit, so it definitely has its uses.
May I ask why you want to do that?
You need a table with a sequence from 1 to the max length of EMP_NAME:
select SUBSTR(EMP_NAME,n,1)
FROM etlt5.employe CROSS JOIN number_table
where EMP_ID='28008'
Related
I want to find strings of any length that contain only 0's and a symbol such as a / a . or a -
Examples include 0__0 and 000/00/00000 and .00000
Considering this sample data:
CREATE TABLE dbo.things(thing varchar(255));
INSERT dbo.things(thing) VALUES
('0__0'),('000/00/00000'),('00000'),('0123456');
Try the following, which locates the first position of any character that is NOT a 0, a decimal, a forward slash, or an underscore. PATINDEX returns 0 if the pattern is not found.
SELECT thing FROM dbo.things
WHERE PATINDEX('%[^0^.^/^_]%', thing) = 0;
Results:
thing
0__0
000/00/00000
00000
The opposite:
SELECT thing FROM dbo.things
WHERE PATINDEX('%[^0^.^/^_]%', thing) > 0;
Results:
thing
0123food456
Example db<>fiddle
I can see a way of doing this... But it's something that wouldn't perform well, if you think about using it as a search criteria.
We are going to use a translate function on SQL Server, to replace the allowed characters, or symbols as you've said, with a zero. And then, eliminates the zeroes. If the result is an empty string, then there are two cases, or it only had zeroes and allowed characters, or it already was an empty string.
So, checking for this and for non-empty strings, we can define if it matches your criteria.
-- Test scenario
create table #example (something varchar(200) )
insert into #example(something) values
--Example cases from Stack Overflow
('0__0'),('000/00/00000'),('.00000'),
-- With something not allowed (don't know, just put a number)
('1230__0'),('000/04560/00000'),('.00000789'),
-- Just not allowed characters, zero, blank, and NULL
('1234567489'),('0'), (''),(null)
-- Shows the data, with a column to check if it matches your criteria
select *
from #example e
cross apply (
select case when
-- If it *must* have at least a zero
e.something like '%0%' and
-- Eliminates zeroes
replace(
-- Replaces the allowed characters with zero
translate(
e.something
,'_./'
,'000'
)
,'0'
,''
) = ''
then cast(1 as bit)
else cast(0 as bit)
end as doesItMatch
) as criteria(doesItMatch)
I really discourage you from using this as a search criteria.
-- Queries the table over this criteria.
-- This is going to compute over your entire table, so it can get very CPU intensive
select *
from #example e
where
-- If it *must* have at least a zero
e.something like '%0%' and
-- Eliminates zeroes
replace(
-- Replaces the allowed characters with zero
translate(
e.something
,'_./'
,'000'
)
,'0'
,''
) = ''
If you must use this as a search criteria, and this will be a common filter on your application, I suggest you create a new bit column, to flag if it matches this, and index it. Thus, the increase in computational effort would be spread on the inserts/updates/deletes, and the search queries won't overloading the database.
The code can be seen executing here, on DB Fiddle.
What I got from the question is that the strings must contain both 0 and any combination of the special characters in the string.
If you have SQL Server 2017 and above, you can use translate() to replace multiple characters with a space and compare this with the empty string. Also you can use LIKE to enforce that both a 0 and any combination of the special character(s) appear at least once:
DECLARE #temp TABLE (val varchar(100))
INSERT INTO #temp VALUES
('0__0'), ('000/00/00000'), ('.00000'), ('w0hee/'), ('./')
SELECT *
FROM #temp
WHERE val LIKE '%0%' --must have at least one zero somewhere
AND val LIKE '%[_/.]%' --must have at least one special character(s) somewhere
AND TRANSLATE(val, '0./_', ' ') = '' --translated zeros and sp characters to spaces equivalent to an empty string
Creates output:
val
0__0
000/00/00000
.00000
In my local table, I am try to check if an Oracle Number column called JOBNUMBER has a value that exists in a string parameter. Technically I am passing in the string as a stored procedure nvarchar2 parameter, but for simplicity, I hardcoded the string in my Query below:
SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_NUMBER
FROM JOBTABLE
WHERE TO_CHAR(JOB_NUMBER) IN ('00052, 00048');
When Oracle runs the query above, it returns no values even though 00052 is a number value in the table column for JOB_NUMBER. I'm thinking that it checks for the whole string ('00052, 00048') in JOB_NUMBER and can't find it, so it returns no values. The string will contain different values each time, and there will several numbers (of type string) in that string.
Does anyone know how to do this?
The trick is to keep the leading zeroes of the number when comparing to the string, then looping through the string to compare. Here a CTE is used is to simulate creating a numeric job number and a string to search. The TO_CHAR function makes sure to preserve the leading zeroes and the FM format removes the leading space that TO_CHAR leaves for the sign. CONNECT BY loops through the elements for the count of the delimiter + 1 times, keeping the count in the value in 'LEVEL'. This value is used in REGEXP_SUBSTR to iterate through the elements to compare the converted numeric value to each element to see if a match is found. Note this regular expression allows for NULL elements should you need to know which item in the list is your match.
SQL> with tbl(job_nbr_in, job_str_in) as (
select 00052, '00052, 00048' from dual
)
select --level element_nbr,
to_char(job_nbr_in, 'FM00000') search_for, job_str_in in_string,
regexp_substr(job_str_in, '(.*?)(, |$)', 1, level, NULL, 1) found
from tbl
where to_char(job_nbr_in, 'FM00000') = regexp_substr(job_str_in, '(.*?)(, |$)', 1, level, NULL, 1)
connect by level <= regexp_count(job_str_in, ',')+1;
SEARCH_FOR IN_STRING FOUND
---------- ------------ ------------
00052 00052, 00048 00052
If you are not sure if you will always have a space after the comma, remove spaces with REPLACE and adjust the delimiter in REGEXP_SUBSTR:
with tbl(job_nbr_in, job_str_in) as (
select 00052, '00052, 00048' from dual
)
select to_char(job_nbr_in, 'FM00000') search_for, job_str_in in_string,
regexp_substr(replace(job_str_in, ' '), '(.*?)(,|$)', 1, level, NULL, 1) found
from tbl
where to_char(job_nbr_in, 'FM00000') = regexp_substr(replace(job_str_in, ' '), '(.*?)(,|$)', 1, level, NULL, 1)
connect by level <= regexp_count(job_str_in, ',')+1;
I was wondering regarding how to edit the following column that exists in oracle DB
PPPPFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPFPPPPPPPP
I want to only set the 5th F with P without affecting other structure.
I've around 700 records and I want to change that position (5th) on all users to P
I was thinking of PLSQL instead of a query, so could you please advice.
Thanks
Use REGEXP_REPLACE:
> SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE('PPPPFPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPFPPPPPPPP', '^(\w{4}).(.*)', '\1P\2') AS COL_REGX FROM dual
COL_REGX
--------------------------------------
PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPFPPPPPPPP
Klashxx answer is a good one - REGEXP_REPLACE is the way to go. Old fashioned way built up bit by bit so you can see what's going on :
WITH
test_data (text)
AS (SELECT '1234F1234F1234F1234F1234F1234F1234' FROM DUAL
)
SELECT
text
,INSTR(text,'F',1,5) --fifth occurence
,SUBSTR(text,1,INSTR(text,'F',1,5)-1) --substr up to that point
,SUBSTR(text,1,INSTR(text,'F',1,5)-1)||'P' --add P
,SUBSTR(text,1,INSTR(text,'F',1,5)-1)||'P'||SUBSTR(text,INSTR(text,'F',1,5)+1) --add remainder of string
FROM
test_data
;
So what you're trying to do would be something like
UPDATE <your table>
SET <your column> = SUBSTR(<your column>,1,INSTR(<your column>,'F',1,5)-1)||'P'||SUBSTR(<your column>,INSTR(<your column>,'F',1,5)+1)
..assuming you want to update all rows
The solution below looks for the first five characters at the beginning of the input string. If found, it keeps the first four unchanged and it replaces the fifth with the letter P. Note that if the input string is four characters or less, it is left unchanged. (This includes NULL as the input string, shown in the WITH clause which creates sample strings and also in the output - note that the output has FIVE rows, even though there is nothing visible in the last one.)
with
test_data ( str ) as (
select 'ABCDEFGH' from dual union all
select 'PPPPF' from dual union all
select 'PPPPP' from dual union all
select '1234' from dual union all
select null from dual
)
select str, regexp_replace(str, '^(.{4}).', '\1P') as replaced
from test_data
;
STR REPLACED
-------- --------
ABCDEFGH ABCDPFGH
PPPPF PPPPP
PPPPP PPPPP
1234 1234
5 rows selected.
Flip the 5th 'bit' to a 'P' where it's currently an 'F'.
update table
set column = regexp_replace(column , '^(.{4}).', '\1P')
where regexp_like(column , '^.{4}F');
Which pattern is identified by PATINDEX in the below statement? Could any one help me analyse it?
How can we find which of ('I','II','III') is identified ?
select PATINDEX ('%[I,II,III]%','sjfhasjdg II')
Please help me finding it.
This is not how you use PATINDEX. , is not an alternation operator.
You are telling it to find characters in the set I,II,III which just repeats a lot of characters so can be simplified to "find the first location of either I or ,"
You could try
WITH SearchTerms(Term)
AS (SELECT 'I'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'II'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'III'),
ToBeSearched(string)
AS (SELECT 'sjfhasjdg II')
SELECT string,
Term,
Charindex(Term, string) AS Location
FROM ToBeSearched
JOIN SearchTerms
ON Charindex(Term, string) > 0
Returns
string Term Location
------------ ---- -----------
sjfhasjdg II I 11
sjfhasjdg II II 11
Of course both I and II match as anything that matches the second will always match the first.
I am working with a table that comes from an external source, and cannot be "cleaned". There is a column which an nvarchar(20) and contains an integer about 95% of the time, but occasionally contains an alpha. I want to use something like
select * from sch.tbl order by cast(shouldBeANumber as integer)
but this throws an error on the odd "3A" or "D" or "SUPERCEDED" value.
Is there a way to say "sort it like a number if you can, otherwise just sort by string"? I know there is some sloppiness in that statement, but that is basically what I want.
Lets say for example the values were
7,1,5A,SUPERCEDED,2,5,SECTION
I would be happy if these were sorted in any of the following ways (because I really only need to work with the numeric ones)
1,2,5,7,5A,SECTION,SUPERCEDED
1,2,5,5A,7,SECTION,SUPERCEDED
SECTION,SUPERCEDED,1,2,5,5A,7
5A,SECTION,SUPERCEDED,1,2,5,7
I really only need to work with the
numeric ones
this will give you only the numeric ones, sorted properly:
SELECT
*
FROM YourTable
WHERE ISNUMERIC(YourColumn)=1
ORDER BY YourColumn
select
*
from
sch.tbl
order by
case isnumeric(shouldBeANumber)
when 1 then cast(shouldBeANumber as integer)
else 0
end
Provided that your numbers are not more than 100 characters long:
WITH chars AS
(
SELECT 1 AS c
UNION ALL
SELECT c + 1
FROM chars
WHERE c <= 99
),
rows AS
(
SELECT '1,2,5,7,5A,SECTION,SUPERCEDED' AS mynum
UNION ALL
SELECT '1,2,5,5A,7,SECTION,SUPERCEDED'
UNION ALL
SELECT 'SECTION,SUPERCEDED,1,2,5,5A,7'
UNION ALL
SELECT '5A,SECTION,SUPERCEDED,1,2,5,7'
)
SELECT rows.*
FROM rows
ORDER BY
(
SELECT SUBSTRING(mynum, c, 1) AS [text()]
FROM chars
WHERE SUBSTRING(mynum, c, 1) BETWEEN '0' AND '9'
FOR XML PATH('')
) DESC
SELECT
(CASE ISNUMERIC(shouldBeANumber)
WHEN 1 THEN
RIGHT(CONCAT('00000000',shouldBeANumber), 8)
ELSE
shouoldBeANumber) AS stringSortSafeAlpha
ORDEER BY
stringSortSafeAlpha
This will add leading zeros to all shouldBeANumber values that truly are numbers and leave all remaining values alone. This way, when you sort, you can use an alpha sort but still get the correct values (with an alpha sort, "100" would be less than "50", but if you change "50" to "050", it works fine). Note, for this example, I added 8 leading zeros, but you only need enough leading zeros to cover the largest possible integer in your column.