Raw/Direct acess on pixels data in a BITMAPINFO (HBITMAP) - c

Question

I'm trying to figure out how do I acess raw pixel information from screen. So far I've been capturing the screen to a HBITMAP, populating a BITMAPINFO then creating a pointer of this BITMAPINFO variable to read directly from the memory.
I know that the header must be "removed" from the file, so I advance the pointer directly to the bitmap data (adding sizeof(MyBMInfo2->bmiHeader) to my pointer offset). I also know that this bitmap is inversed/topdown, the first pixels are on the end of the raw data. I need to figure out how do I extract R G and B bytes from a given X and Y in the image, and that's what I'm being incapable of doing.
So I asking you sirs a light, a snippet or any hint that can help my dirty attempt to recreate Bitmap.GetPixel(x,y) from gdi32 (so slow, I need a better one).
A snippet of my source code so far:
...
HDC hCaptureDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, nScreenWidth, nScreenHeight);
HGDIOBJ hOld = SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hBitmap);
BOOL bOK = BitBlt(hCaptureDC,0,0,nScreenWidth, nScreenHeight, hdc,0,0,SRCCOPY|CAPTUREBLT);
SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hOld); // always select the previously selected object once done
DeleteDC(hCaptureDC);
BITMAPINFO MyBMInfo = {0};
MyBMInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(MyBMInfo.bmiHeader);
// Get the MyBMInfo structure from the bitmap
if(0 == GetDIBits(hdc, hBitmap, 0, 0, NULL, &MyBMInfo, DIB_RGB_COLORS)) {
printf("error\n");
}
BITMAPINFO* MyBMInfo2 = &MyBMInfo;
BYTE* bitmapBits=(BYTE*)MyBMInfo2+sizeof(MyBMInfo2->bmiHeader);
//So... how do I acess X and Y RGB bytes now? xD
...
By the way.... There are any other more direct way to do this without throwing a memory protection fault? Or... another faster way at all?
Thank you.
--Edit--
Using Barmak's code I've figured out how do I access X and Y rgb based on current cursor position, here follows the source code:
#include <windows.h>
int main()
{
HWND hwnd = GetDesktopWindow();
RECT rc;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rc);
int width = rc.right;
int height = rc.bottom;
if (width < 1 || height < 1)
{
OutputDebugStringA("error\n");
return 0;
}
HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
HDC hCaptureDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);
HGDIOBJ hOld = SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hBitmap);
BitBlt(hCaptureDC, 0, 0, width, height, hdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY | CAPTUREBLT);
SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hOld);
BITMAPINFO MyBMInfo = { 0 };
MyBMInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(MyBMInfo.bmiHeader);
BITMAPINFOHEADER bmpInfoHeader = { sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) };
bmpInfoHeader.biWidth = width;
bmpInfoHeader.biHeight = height;
bmpInfoHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bmpInfoHeader.biBitCount = 32;
DWORD size = ((width * bmpInfoHeader.biBitCount + 31) / 32) * 4 * height;
BYTE *bits = malloc(size);
if (GetDIBits(hdc, hBitmap, 0, height, bits, (BITMAPINFO*)&bmpInfoHeader, DIB_RGB_COLORS))
{
OutputDebugStringA("success\n");
//you can use bits here
//access bits from upper-left to lower-right corner
POINT p;
GetCursorPos(&p);
int x = p.x;
int y = p.y;
int col = x;
int row = height - y - 1;
int index = (row * width + col) * 4;
BYTE b = bits[index + 0];
BYTE g = bits[index + 1];
BYTE r = bits[index + 2];
printf("r:%i g:%i b:%i \n",r,g,b);
}
else
{
OutputDebugStringA("error\n");
}
free(bits);
DeleteDC(hCaptureDC);
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);
return 0;
}
Thank you very much Mr Shemirani. To who downvoted my answer, please, consider the withdrawn of it please? :)
Peace.

Answer 1

GetDibBits requires a buffer to receive the bits. You have to allocate the buffer, then delete when no longer needed.
#include <windows.h>
int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPTSTR, int)
{
HWND hwnd = GetDesktopWindow();
RECT rc;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &rc);
int width = rc.right;
int height = rc.bottom;
if (width < 1 || height < 1)
{
OutputDebugStringA("error\n");
return 0;
}
HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
HDC hCaptureDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);
HGDIOBJ hOld = SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hBitmap);
BitBlt(hCaptureDC, 0, 0, width, height, hdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY | CAPTUREBLT);
SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hOld);
BITMAPINFO MyBMInfo = { 0 };
MyBMInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(MyBMInfo.bmiHeader);
BITMAPINFOHEADER bmpInfoHeader = { sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) };
bmpInfoHeader.biWidth = width;
bmpInfoHeader.biHeight = height;
bmpInfoHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bmpInfoHeader.biBitCount = 32;
DWORD size = ((width * bmpInfoHeader.biBitCount + 31) / 32) * 4 * height;
BYTE *bits = malloc(size);
if (GetDIBits(hdc, hBitmap, 0, height, bits, (BITMAPINFO*)&bmpInfoHeader, DIB_RGB_COLORS))
{
OutputDebugStringA("success\n");
//you can use bits here
//access bits from lower-left to upper-right corner
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++)
{
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++)
{
//for 32 bit image only:
int index = (row * width + col) * 4;
BYTE blue = bits[index + 0];
BYTE green = bits[index + 1];
BYTE red = bits[index + 2];
}
}
//access bits from upper-left to lower-right corner
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
int col = x;
int row = height - y - 1;
int index = (row * width + col) * 4;
BYTE b = bits[index + 0];
BYTE g = bits[index + 1];
BYTE r = bits[index + 2];
}
}
}
else
{
OutputDebugStringA("error\n");
}
free(bits);
DeleteDC(hCaptureDC);
DeleteObject(hBitmap);
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);
return 0;
}