SQL Server 2008 R2: How to get Free spaces Between times - sql-server

Question

I have two columns in a table that represent start and end for an employee work time (It Stores HH:MM:SS). I have another table working as Stack where I store the Busy time. Let's say I stored this as a result for an employee where start is 8:00:00 and end is 17:00:00
startColumn endColumn
08:15:00.0000000 08:45:00.0000000
11:00:00.0000000 12:00:00.0000000
12:00:00.0000000 13:00:00.0000000
I want to get the following as a result considering the above data is in the table:
8:00 A.M
8:45 A.M
10:00 A.M
1:00 P.M
2:00 P.M
3:00 P.M
4:00 P.M
Thanks in advance!

Answer 1

EDIT: Here is a solution with quarters of an hour, coming back with all quarters without working activities...
DECLARE #empl TABLE(ID INT, EmplName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO #empl VALUES
(1,'Mr. X');
DECLARE #emplStandard TABLE(emplID INT, StartHour TIME, EndHour TIME);
INSERT INTO #emplStandard VALUES
(1,{t'08:00:00'},{t'17:00:00'});
DECLARE #Work TABLE(emplID INT,WorkDay DATE,StartHour TIME,EndHour TIME);
INSERT INTO #Work VALUES
(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'08:15:00'},{t'08:45:00'})
,(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'11:00:00'},{t'12:00:00'})
,(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'12:00:00'},{t'13:00:00'});
WITH TallyTimes(TheHour) AS
(
SELECT {t'08:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'08:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'08:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'08:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'09:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'09:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'09:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'09:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'10:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'10:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'10:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'10:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'11:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'11:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'11:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'11:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'12:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'12:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'12:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'12:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'13:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'13:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'13:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'13:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'14:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'14:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:45:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'17:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'17:15:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'17:30:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'17:45:00'}
)
SELECT e.EmplName
,CAST(CAST(tt.TheHour AS TIME) AS VARCHAR(8)) AS TheHour
FROM TallyTimes AS tt
CROSS JOIN #empl AS e
INNER JOIN #emplStandard AS es ON es.emplID=e.ID
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1
FROM #Work AS w
WHERE w.emplID=e.ID
AND CAST(tt.TheHour AS TIME)>=w.StartHour AND CAST(tt.TheHour AS TIME)<=w.EndHour
)
Following the first attempt (before the question was changed)
If I understand you correctly you are dealing with full hours only:
This will pick out the hours your employee was working:
A short explanation: After filling your test data in declared table variables I start with a CTE creating a list of all hours from 06:00 to 20:00. The final SELECT checks whether exists an entry within the table "Work" where the current hour is within the intervall or not. It's on you to decide, if the EndHour is included or not. Your own sample data are inconsistent in this point of view.
You might shift the CASE WHEN-logic into a WHERE if you really want the non-working hours only...
And be aware, that you will need further logic to distinguish between different employees, WorkDays and maybe differing time standards for each WorkDay (Friday other than Monday...)
DECLARE #empl TABLE(ID INT, EmplName VARCHAR(100));
INSERT INTO #empl VALUES
(1,'Mr. X');
DECLARE #emplStandard TABLE(emplID INT, StartHour TIME, EndHour TIME);
INSERT INTO #emplStandard VALUES
(1,{t'08:00:00'},{t'17:00:00'});
DECLARE #Work TABLE(emplID INT,WorkDay DATE,StartHour TIME,EndHour TIME);
INSERT INTO #Work VALUES
(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'08:00:00'},{t'09:00:00'})
,(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'11:00:00'},{t'12:00:00'})
,(1,{d'2016-02-05'},{t'12:00:00'},{t'13:00:00'});
WITH TallyTimes(TheHour) AS
(
SELECT {t'06:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'07:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'08:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'09:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'10:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'11:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'12:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'13:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'14:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'15:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'16:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'17:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'18:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'19:00:00'}
UNION SELECT {t'20:00:00'}
)
SELECT e.EmplName
,tt.TheHour
,CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT 1
FROM #Work AS w
WHERE w.emplID=e.ID
AND CAST(tt.TheHour AS TIME)>=w.StartHour AND CAST(tt.TheHour AS TIME)<=w.EndHour
) THEN 'X' ELSE '' END
FROM TallyTimes AS tt
CROSS JOIN #empl AS e
INNER JOIN #emplStandard AS es ON es.emplID=e.ID
The result:
Empl TheHour WasWorking
Mr. X 06:00:00
Mr. X 07:00:00
Mr. X 08:00:00 X
Mr. X 09:00:00 X
Mr. X 10:00:00
Mr. X 11:00:00 X
Mr. X 12:00:00 X
Mr. X 13:00:00 X
Mr. X 14:00:00
Mr. X 15:00:00
Mr. X 16:00:00
Mr. X 17:00:00
Mr. X 18:00:00
Mr. X 19:00:00
Mr. X 20:00:00

Answer 2

For anyone else looking for the same here is what i did
DECLARE #Contador INT
DECLARE #start TIME
DECLARE #end TIME
DECLARE #request INT
DECLARE #Max INT
DECLARE #Libres TABLE(Id INT,startTime TIME, endTime TIME)
DECLARE #Result TABLE(Id INT,Horario VARCHAR(8))
SET #Contador = 1
INSERT INTO #Libres VALUES (1,'08:00:00.0000000','10:00:00.0000000');
INSERT INTO #Libres VALUES (2,'11:00:00.0000000','14:00:00.0000000');
INSERT INTO #Libres VALUES (3,'14:00:00.0000000','15:00:00.0000000');
SET #Max = (SELECT MAX(id) Id FROM #Libres)
WHILE(#Contador <= (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #Libres))
BEGIN
SET #START = (SELECT startTime FROM #Libres Where Id = #Contador)
SET #END = (SELECT DATEADD(MINUTE, -60 ,endTime) FROM #Libres Where Id = #Contador)
SET #REQUEST = 1
;WITH Dates AS (
SELECT #request AS Id,#Start AS reqDate
UNION all
SELECT Id+1,DATEADD(MINUTE,60,reqDate) FROM Dates
WHERE reqDate < #end
)
INSERT INTO #Result(Id,Horario)
SELECT Id,CONVERT(VARCHAR(8),reqDate,100) "Horarios" FROM Dates
SET #Contador = #Contador + 1
IF(#Max < #Contador)
BREAK;
ELSE
CONTINUE;
END
SELECT * FROM #Result