Creating file that uses UTF-8 encoding - c

Question

I am trying to create a file and encode its content in the UTF-8 format using C. I have tried several things and looked around but I can not seem to find a solution to the problem.
This is the code I am currently trying (u8_wc_tout8 function taken from here):
int u8_wc_toutf8(char *dest, u_int32_t ch)
{
if (ch < 0x80) {
dest[0] = (char)ch;
return 1;
}
if (ch < 0x800) {
dest[0] = (ch>>6) | 0xC0;
dest[1] = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
return 2;
}
if (ch < 0x10000) {
dest[0] = (ch>>12) | 0xE0;
dest[1] = ((ch>>6) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
dest[2] = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
return 3;
}
if (ch < 0x110000) {
dest[0] = (ch>>18) | 0xF0;
dest[1] = ((ch>>12) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
dest[2] = ((ch>>6) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
dest[3] = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
return 4;
}
return 0;
}
int main ()
{
printf(setlocale(LC_ALL, "")); //Prints C.UTF-8
FILE * fout;
fout=fopen("out.txt","w");
u_int32_t c = 'Å';
char convertedChar[6];
int cNum = u8_wc_toutf8(convertedChar, c);
printf(convertedChar); //Prints ?
fprintf(fout, convertedChar);
fclose(fout);
printf("\nFile has been created...\n");
return 0;
}
When I run this from the command prompt in Windows it prints ? and when I open the file created I get some weird characters. If I check the encoding in Firefox on the file it says:
"windows-1252"
Are there any better ways to check the encoding of the file?
Any tips to point me in the right direction would be really nice, it feels like this should not be that hard to do.

Answer 1

You should allocate the memory for convertedChar and set c to 197, which is the unicode char id of the angstrom character (Å). Then you can now encode this character in utf-8 or anything else if you want:
int main ()
{
FILE * fout;
fout=fopen("out.txt","wb");
u_int32_t c = 197; // Or 0xC5
char convertedChar[4];
int cNum = u8_wc_toutf8(convertedChar, c);
fwrite(convertedChar, sizeof(char), cNum, fout);
fclose(fout);
printf("\nFile has been created...\n");
return 0;
}
And in the case, for example, that your locale uses UTF-8 encoding, then you can use this to print the character on your console:
wchar_t wc;
mbtowc(&wc, convertedChar, sizeof(wchar_t));
putwc(wc, stdout);