Changing size of 2d array on iteration - c

Question

Im new to C coding. In order to learn the language i want to do following little "program".
I want to scan inputs , and put them into 2d array - but i do now know how many elements i want to scan / input = i want to dynamicly create 2d array. And here is the problem. I know how i can dynamicly create 1d array e.g
int MAX;
int *arr;
scanf("%d",&MAX);
arr=(int*)malloc( Max * sizeof ( int ) )
i found how to allocate 2d array e.g
int X;
int Y;
int **arr;
scanf("%d%d",&X,&Y);
arr=(int*) malloc ( X * Y * sizeof ( int* ) )
But i havent found the thing i need the most = create 2d array and increase its " memory or size " every time new item is being added.
For example - what i would like to achieve.
int **arr;
int index=1;
int X;
int Y;
arr=(int *) malloc ( index * sizeof ( int ) );
while (! feof ){
scanf("%d%d",&X,&Y);
if ( index > 1 ){
index ++;
arr=realoc( arr*, index * sizeof ( arr* ) )
arr[iX][0]=X;
arr[iX][1]=Y;
} else{
arr[iX][0]=X;
arr[iX][1]=Y;
index++;
}
}
this was my attempt and i failed horribly.. how can dynamicly change size of 2d array on every input (or every iteration of loop )
i am aware of this solution but all answer are used with predefined y-osis of array. e.g arr[][25]

Answer 1

First you need a field of pointers, each pointer in the field of pointers points to the first element of a row/column of your matrix. Each time you want to add a value to your row/column you have to increase your row/column with realloc. Each time you want to add a new row/column you have to add one pointer to your field of pointers. Thus you need two conditions of truncation, one for the row/column and one for the field of pointers.
The following code shows an example how that can be realized. However be aware that the program may terminate due to allocation errors.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
main(){
//numberofrows points to the pointers used for the columns countrows tells us how many pointers we have
char **numberofrows;
int countrows=0;
//countcolumns tells us how much memory has to be allocated for the current column
int countcolumns=0;
numberofrows=malloc(sizeof(char*));
//t is needed for the first run of the loop otherwise the program will likely terminate
int t=0;
//truncation condition: e signals the end of the usersinput
while(t==0||numberofrows[countrows-1][countcolumns-1]!='e'){
countcolumns=0;
countrows++;
t=0;
//allocation of new array and reallocation of pointer array
numberofrows[countrows-1]=malloc(sizeof(char));
*numberofrows=realloc(*numberofrows,sizeof(char*)* countrows);
//truncation condition \n: end of current column, condition e: end of input for 2d array
while(t==0||(numberofrows[countrows-1][countcolumns-1]!='\n'&&numberofrows[countrows-1][countcolumns-1]!='e')){
countcolumns++;
//change for t to activate truncation conditions
t=1;
// info for what postion new value is needed realloc to make place for additional value and setting of new value
printf("row: %d, column: %d\n",countrows,countcolumns);
numberofrows[countrows-1]=realloc(numberofrows[countrows-1],sizeof(char)*countcolumns);
numberofrows[countrows-1][countcolumns-1]=getchar();
//clears input buffer
if(numberofrows[countrows-1][countcolumns-1]!='\n')
while(getchar()!='\n'){}
}
}
//prints transposed 2d array
int tc=0,k=0;
while(tc<countrows){
k=0;
while(numberofrows[tc][k]!='\n'&& numberofrows[tc][k]!='e'){
printf("%c ",numberofrows[tc][k]);
k++;
}
printf("\n");
tc++;
}
}