I'm trying to submit the solution for Spoj - Prime Intervals problem. But I'm getting a runtime error SIGXFSZ. It is given that, it occurs due to exceeded file size. I have used the Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to find the prime numbers. I don't understand what's wrong with my code and this is bugging me from last the 2 days. Please help me with the submission. Here is my code...
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(){
int t, turn;
long i, l,u,k,j;
scanf("%d", &t);
/*Looping for t test cases*/
for(turn=0; turn<t; turn++){
scanf("%ld %ld", &l, &u);
bool arr[u-l+1];
/*Assigning whole array with true*/
memset(arr, true, u-l+1);
/*Sieve of Eratosthenes logic for assigning false to composite values*/
for(i=0; i<=(int)sqrt(u)-l; i++){
k=0;
j = i+l;
if(arr[i]==true){
while((j*j + k*j) <= u){
arr[(j*j + k*j) - l] = false;
k++;
}
}
}
/*Printing all the primes in the interval*/
for(i=0; i<u-l; i++){
if(arr[i]==true){
printf("%ld\n", i+l);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
Test Input:
2
2 10
2 100
Output:
2
3
5
7
2
3
5
7
11
13
17
19
23
29
31
37
41
43
47
53
59
61
67
71
73
79
83
89
97
I ran the posted code. the results were far from correct.
Most of the numbers output are not primes and fails to check the last number is the range, as shown in the second set of results
Here are the results:
1 <-- 1 test case
20 100 <-- range 20...100
20 <-- the outputs
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
Note: using 1 as the low end of the range usually results with no output produced
here is another run
The output should have been 5 7 11
1 <-- test cases
5 11 <-- range
5 <-- outputs
6
7
8
9
10
The following code does not try to minimize the size of the arr[] array, and if the upper end of the range is less than 16k then could declare the arr[] as short rather than unsigned int
The lowest valid value for the low end of the input is 2, but the code is not checking for that low limit, you might want to add that check.
The code makes no effort to minimize the number of loops executed by checking for the square root of the upper limit, you might want to add that check.
The code compiles cleanly, handles the case when the upper limit is a prime and when the lower limit is a prime as well as when the limit values are not primes.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
int numTestCases, testCase;
size_t i; // index
size_t lowLimit;
size_t upperLimit;
size_t k; // offset multiplier
scanf("%d", &numTestCases);
/*Looping for t test cases*/
for(testCase=0; testCase<numTestCases; testCase++)
{
scanf("%lu %lu", (unsigned long*)&lowLimit, (unsigned long*)&upperLimit);
unsigned arr[upperLimit+1];
/*Assigning whole array to indicate entry is a prime*/
memset(arr, 0x01, upperLimit+1);
/*Sieve of Eratosthenes logic for assigning false to composite values*/
//size_t sqrtUpperLimit = (size_t)ceil(sqrt(upperLimit));
for(i=2; i<= upperLimit; i++)
{
if(arr[i])
{
if( i >= lowLimit )
{
printf("%ld\n", i);
}
for( k=2; (i*k) <= upperLimit; k++)
{
arr[(i*k)] = 0;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
} // end function; main
here is an edited version of the code, with the addition of some instrumentation in the way of prompts to the user via calls to printf()
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
int numTestCases, testCase;
size_t i; // index
size_t lowLimit;
size_t upperLimit;
size_t k; // offset multiplier
printf("enter number of test cases\n");
scanf("%d", &numTestCases);
/*Looping for t test cases*/
for(testCase=0; testCase<numTestCases; testCase++)
{
printf( "enter lower limit upper limit limits\n");
scanf("%lu %lu", (unsigned long*)&lowLimit, (unsigned long*)&upperLimit);
unsigned arr[upperLimit+1];
/*Assigning whole array to indicate entry is a prime*/
memset(arr, 0x01, upperLimit+1);
/*Sieve of Eratosthenes logic for assigning false to composite values*/
//size_t sqrtUpperLimit = (size_t)ceil(sqrt(upperLimit));
for(i=2; i<= upperLimit; i++)
{
if(arr[i])
{
if( i >= lowLimit )
{
printf("%ld\n", i);
}
for( k=2; (i*k) <= upperLimit; k++)
{
arr[(i*k)] = 0;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
} // end function; main
Using the above instrumented code and the input of:
5 2 3 30 31 20 27 2 3 4 5
it worked perfectly.
This was the output:
enter number of test cases
5
enter upper/lower limits
2 3
sizeof arr[]: 4
2
3
enter upper/lower limits
30 31
sizeof arr[]: 32
31
enter upper/lower limits
20 27
sizeof arr[]: 28
23
enter upper/lower limits
2 3
sizeof arr[]: 4
2
3
enter upper/lower limits
4 5
sizeof arr[]: 6
5
Related
I have created a program to search for prime numbers. It works without problems until the entered number is smaller than 52, when it is bigger output prints out some blank (0) numbers and I don't know why. Also other numbers have blank output.
My code is:
#include <stdio.h> //Prime numbers
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int c[100], n, a[50], d, e, b = 1;
void sort() {
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if (c[i] > 1) {
a[b] = c[i];
printf("%d %d %d\n", a[1], b, i);
b++;
e = 2;
d = 0;
while (d <= n) {
d = c[i] * e;
c[d - 1] = 0;
e++;
}
}
}
}
int main() {
printf("Enter number as an limit:\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
c[i] = i + 1;
}
sort();
printf("Prime numbers between 1 and %d are:\n", n);
for (int i = 1; i < b; i++) {
printf("%d ", a[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Here is output for 25:
Enter number as an limit:
25
2 1 1
2 2 2
2 3 4
2 4 6
2 5 10
2 6 12
2 7 16
2 8 18
2 9 22
Prime numbers between 1 and 25 are:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23
But for 83 is:
Enter number as an limit:
83
2 1 1
2 2 2
2 3 4
2 4 6
2 5 10
2 6 12
2 7 16
2 8 18
2 9 22
2 10 28
2 11 30
2 12 36
2 13 40
2 14 42
2 15 46
2 16 52
0 17 58
0 18 60
0 19 66
0 20 70
0 21 72
0 22 78
0 23 82
Prime numbers between 1 and 83 are:
0 3 5 7 11 0 17 19 23 29 31 37 0 43 47 53 0 61 67 71 73 79 83
Blank spots always spots after 17th prime number. And always the blank numbers are the same. Can you help me please what is the problem?
The loop setting entries in c for multiples of c[i] runs too far: you should compute the next d before comparing against n:
for (d = c[i] * 2; d <= n; d += c[i]) {
c[d - 1] = 0;
}
As a matter of fact you could start at d = c[i] * c[i] because all lower multiples have already been seen during the previous iterations of the outer loop.
Also note that it is confusing to store i + 1 into c[i]: the code would be simpler with an array of booleans holding 1 for prime numbers and 0 for composite.
Here is a modified version:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
unsigned char c[101];
int a[50];
int n, b = 0;
printf("Enter number as a limit:\n");
if (scanf("%d", &n) != 1 || n < 0 || n > 100) {
printf("invalid input\n");
return 1;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
c[i] = 1;
}
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
if (c[i] != 0) {
a[b] = i;
//printf("%d %d %d\n", a[0], b, i);
b++;
for (int d = i * i; d <= n; d += i) {
c[d] = 0;
}
}
}
printf("Prime numbers between 1 and %d are:\n", n);
for (int i = 0; i < b; i++) {
printf("%d ", a[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
Output:
chqrlie$ ./sieve4780
Enter number as a limit:
25
Prime numbers between 1 and 25 are:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23
chqrlie$ ./sieve4780
Enter number as a limit:
83
Prime numbers between 1 and 83 are:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79
Your problem seems to be caused by the fact that you have declared an array with size 50, but in fact it goes further than that: imagine you want to use Eratosthenes' procedure to find the first 10,000 prime numbers. Does this mean that you need to declare an array of size 10,000 first (or even bigger), risking to blow up your memory?
No: best thing to do is to work with collections where you don't need to set the maximum size at declaration time, like a linked list, a vector, ..., like that you can make your list grow as much as you like during runtime.
When printing each Fibonacci sequence the first couple of sequences print in weird symbols or not at all if printing more than 8 sequences.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//n=amount of numbers in the series to compute, seq=array to store series
void fibonacci(int n, int* seq){
// Complete this function
int i;
seq[0] = 0;
seq[1] = 1;
for(i = 2; i <= n; i++){
seq[i] = seq[i-2] + seq[i-1];
}
}
int main(){
int n;
//n, amount of series to compute
scanf("%d",&n);
//initialize array to 1, using malloc/calloc
int *seq = malloc(1 * sizeof(*seq));
int i;
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++){
//recompute the whole series
fibonacci(i, seq);
//print array
int j;
for(j = 0; j < i; j++)/* complete code */
printf("%d ", seq[j]);
//resize array, with realloc
int newSize=i+1;
int *seq = realloc(seq, newSize);
printf("\n");
}
//free array
return 0;
}
Output:
"7Y��yb�=
Um�*/E�o 1 1 2 3 5 8 13
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 2584
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 2584 4181
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 2584 4181 6765
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 2584 4181 6765 10946
There are different problems in your code:
In your fibonacci() function, you iterate using i <= n, but inside the loop, you assign to seq[i]. When i = n, this becomes a problem: you're accessing one cell out of the array.
You are getting n from user input, but then doing int *seq = malloc(1 * sizeof(*seq)). You are only allocating space for one element, not n. You should do malloc(n * sizeof(*seq)) instead.
Not really an error, but inside the first for loop in your main, you're both re-defining and re-allocating the seq array with int *seq = realloc(...). That is not needed at all. Your array is already n cells big, so there is no need to reallocate it each time. You can use it as is.
Not really an error, but there is no need to recompute the series each time. You can compute it only once and then partially print it on each row without a problem.
Also, IMPORTANT! Using int to hold numbers of the Fibonacci sequence is only good until you reach n = 47. More than that, and your next element will overflow the maximum positive value that an int can hold, turning negative, and invalidating the rest of the calculations too. I would suggest you to use long long unsigned int instead, which would be good up to n = 94 (assuming 64 bits). Ultimately, you should check the value of n before calculating the Fibonacci sequence to avoid an overflow.
Here's a better version of your code with those problems fixed:
void fibonacci(int n, int* seq) {
int i;
seq[0] = 0;
seq[1] = 1;
for(i = 2; i < n; i++)
seq[i] = seq[i-2] + seq[i-1];
}
int main() {
int *seq;
int n, i, j;
scanf("%d",&n);
// Allocate enough space for n elements:
seq = malloc(n * sizeof(*seq));
// Compute the whole series once:
fibonacci(n, seq);
// Print partial series on each row:
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < i; j++)
printf("%d ", seq[j]);
printf("\n");
}
free(seq);
return 0;
}
I want to generate a series of "random" unique numbers, for use at a card game! These numbers should be between 0 and 81.
I don't care about security or speed at this stage, i just want something simple to have the work done.
In my code below, i have managed to create 2 unique random numbers in the array that holds them, but the rest 10 numbers don't change but stay -1 that was the initial value..
I have found more accurate ways for random number generation, but i will check them out at a later stage!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int getRandomNumber(int Min, int Max)
{
double rnd= (double)rand()/((double)RAND_MAX+1);
return (int)(rnd*(Max-Min+1))+Min;
}
int main()
{
int j,counter,temp,deck[13];
srand(time(NULL));
int i;
counter=1;
for (i=0;i<12;i++)
{deck[i]=-1;
temp = getRandomNumber(0,81);
for (j=0;j<=i;j++)
{if (temp==deck[j])
{counter=0;}
if (counter!=0)
deck[i]=temp;
}
}
for(i=0;i<12;i++)
printf("%d ",deck[i]);
}
Your code has one of the weirder indentation and brace layout schemes I've ever seen:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int getRandomNumber(int Min, int Max)
{
double rnd= (double)rand()/((double)RAND_MAX+1);
return (int)(rnd*(Max-Min+1))+Min;
}
int main()
{
int j,counter,temp,deck[13];
srand(time(NULL));
int i;
counter=1;
for (i=0;i<12;i++)
{deck[i]=-1;
temp = getRandomNumber(0,81);
for (j=0;j<=i;j++)
{if (temp==deck[j])
{counter=0;}
if (counter!=0)
deck[i]=temp;
}
}
for(i=0;i<12;i++)
printf("%d ",deck[i]);
}
Converted to a more orthodox style (Allman, more or less — see Wikipedia on Indent style), you get:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
static int getRandomNumber(int Min, int Max)
{
double rnd = (double)rand() / ((double)RAND_MAX + 1);
return (int)(rnd * (Max - Min + 1)) + Min;
}
int main(void)
{
int j, counter, temp, deck[13];
srand(time(NULL));
int i;
counter = 1;
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
deck[i] = -1;
temp = getRandomNumber(0, 81);
for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
{
if (temp == deck[j])
{
counter = 0;
}
if (counter != 0)
deck[i] = temp;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
printf("%d ", deck[i]);
}
The static and int main(void) are needed to get the code past my default compilation options; otherwise, they're cosmetic.
Now we can see some problems. The counter is set to 1 once, outside the outer loop; it is set to 0 sometimes inside the loop, but once that happens, it is never reset to 1, so no further numbers are added to the deck. You need to rework the inner loop, maybe like this:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
static int getRandomNumber(int Min, int Max)
{
double rnd = (double)rand() / ((double)RAND_MAX + 1);
return (int)(rnd * (Max - Min + 1)) + Min;
}
int main(void)
{
int deck[13];
srand(time(NULL));
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
int temp = getRandomNumber(0, 81);
deck[i] = -1;
int counter = 1;
for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++)
{
if (temp == deck[j])
{
counter = 0;
break;
}
}
if (counter != 0)
deck[i] = temp;
else
i--; // Try again with a new random choice for the same i
}
const char *pad = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
printf("%s%d", pad, deck[i]);
pad = " ";
}
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}
I dislike trailing blanks, so the printing loop takes care to ensure there aren't any.
Sample output with getRandomNumber() — on macOS Sierra 10.12.2 with GCC 6.3.0:
7 73 38 61 11 13 41 66 29 39 72 20
7 2 18 17 54 31 45 40 34 22 63 16
7 13 80 54 16 49 14 58 28 53 23 26
7 24 60 10 67 53 69 32 23 2 66 12
7 34 40 48 21 3 57 43 6 18 27 80
7 45 20 3 65 21 61 17 12 69 66 27
7 67 62 78 70 57 68 46 9 2 72 39
7 77 41 34 32 75 72 20 64 78 33 25
7 6 21 72 76 11 75 38 73 27 64 33
7 17 1 27 37 28 80 49 12 67 59 36
That first number isn't very random — shortly after that sequence of tests, it changed from 7 to 8, but was equally non-random. An alternative
way of generating random numbers is:
static int getRandomNumber(int Min, int Max)
{
int rnd;
int range = (Max - Min + 1);
while ((rnd = rand()) > RAND_MAX - (RAND_MAX % range))
;
return (rnd % range) + Min;
}
This avoids the bias from that fact that 82 doesn't divide RAND_MAX exactly, which would weight the distribution of the lower numbers slightly higher than the upper numbers in the range 0..81. It also avoids the unexpectedly consistent first number, though the new first number is also semi-predictable when the tests are run at 1-second intervals.
Sample results:
48 33 28 78 14 2 81 13 23 75 38 40
45 42 74 1 11 68 17 33 78 49 23 80
42 51 38 3 5 52 35 56 54 23 59 41
39 60 2 8 36 53 79 30 72 75 62 37
36 69 45 10 78 20 71 17 6 53 54 30
33 78 9 15 75 7 40 61 27 36 70 68
30 5 55 17 69 73 25 63 37 1 21 71
27 14 19 66 57 43 1 13 3 65 71 21
24 26 62 63 41 61 68 28 67 20 74 17
21 35 26 57 28 79 47 44 2 52 60 77
Notice that the first number decreases by 3; the second seems to increase by 9; ugh — the randomness isn't all that good. It's well known that rand() is often not a high quality PRNG (pseudo-random number generator), but I'm a little surprised by this apparently systematic behaviour with seeds that differ by 1 each time.
On my Mac, when I changed srand() to srandom() and rand() to random(), I got better (as in, more unpredictable) results:
29 1 7 11 25 52 63 15 26 55 75 64
40 4 64 18 8 57 73 27 38 15 60 28
43 3 27 17 1 58 26 72 73 18 20 7
76 16 27 43 64 20 63 30 35 17 33 57
79 47 32 33 6 30 35 7 38 55 25 61
69 57 79 75 15 54 5 35 21 46 65 61
30 79 66 14 56 39 19 8 50 47 76 33
62 65 81 44 52 39 25 30 54 12 24 68
27 49 60 72 53 35 14 41 63 46 45 65
67 39 9 11 60 19 64 73 43 17 21 26
And the Mac man page for random() still suggests using arc4random() instead, but this is a lot better than plain rand(). What you find on other systems will depend on the facilities provided by the system — rand() may not be as awful as it seems to be on Mac. Basically, be cautious with your choice of PRNG — especially if you're going to use systematically generated seeds (such as the current time).
For the purpose you propose (generating a random sequence of numbers ranging from 0 through 81, where each item differs from the others), you will need a particular kind of random number generator (RNG), one that can generate all possible permutations of 82 items (expressed as 82!, or 82 factorial). However, only a limited selection of RNGs can do this. In particular the C rand() function's implementation is unspecified, so is not guaranteed to generate that many permutations.
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG, a kind of RNG as used here) can't generate more random number sequences than its period. For 82! permutations, no PRNG with a period less than 82! can do this (the next highest power of 2 is 2408, meaning the generator needs to takes a seed at least 408 bits, or 51 bytes, long for it to possibly do so -- and 51 bytes is much bigger than srand can usually take). Alternatively, for this purpose, you would be well advised to use an RNG that generates "unpredictable" numbers, which neither the C language nor the C library includes as standard. See "Shuffling" and "Unpredictable RNGs" in my article on randomness for more information.
Before you say, yes I've checked nearly all the other postings, none are working.
My program has been giving me a segmentation error for hours and hours and nothing is fixing it. I debugged it to the point where I found it's in the file pointer. From what I know, it's because of the way I'm either using the file pointer in the 'makeArray' function or from the file closing statement. I don't really understand how it's not working because I used my last program as reference for this and it runs perfectly fine but this one won't.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ROWS 12
#define COLS 8
void makeArray(FILE*, int [][COLS]);
int getScore(int [][COLS], int, int);
int getMonthMax(int [][COLS], int);
int getYearMax(int [][COLS]);
float getMonthAvg(int [][COLS], int);
float getYearAvg(int [][COLS]);
int toursMissed(int [][COLS]);
void displayMenu();
int processRequest(int [][COLS], int);
void printArray(int [][COLS]);
int main(){
int scoresArray[ROWS][COLS];
int choice, constant = 0;
FILE* inputPtr;
inputPtr = fopen("scores.txt", "r");
makeArray(inputPtr, scoresArray);
fclose(inputPtr);
while(constant == 0){
displayMenu();
scanf("%d", &choice);
processRequest(scoresArray, choice);
}
return 0;
}
void makeArray(FILE* inputPtr, int scoresArray[][COLS]){
int i, j;
for(i = 0; i < ROWS; i++){
for(j = 0; j < COLS; j++){
fscanf(inputPtr, "%d", &scoresArray[i][j]);
}
}
return;
}
I've tried moving the file pointers to every different spot in the code and nothing. I don't necessarily want you to just give me the answer but I want an explanation of why it's happening in this specific code because every other post I've checked and their results don't match up to mine.
Also the input file is
26 35 25 92 0 6 47 68 26 72 67 33 84 28
22 36 53 66 23 86 36 75 14 62 43 11 42 5
14 58 0 23 30 87 80 81 13 35 94 45 1 53
14 55 46 19 13 0 25 28 66 86 69 0 81 15
55 60 26 70 22 36 15 67 62 16 71 7 29 92
84 37 2 30 7 5 4 50 0 67 2 53 69 87
8 23 74 58 86 0 78 88 85 12 1 52 999
I wonder if your university compiler is picky about the input file - can you remove all new lines from a copy of your input file and try running with the copied modified input file --- so it is just a stream of numbers --- see if this sorts it out...
........ in my experience of scanf and fscanf these functions can be a bit fragile if the input does not run exactly the way you say it will in the format part - here "%d" does not tell fscanf about new line characters....
first of all, I've got a logical error in my code. Well, this is the code
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
long i,j,t;
scanf("%ld",&t);
long n[t],d[t][t];
for(i = 0; i < t;i++){
scanf("%ld",&n[i]);
for(j = 0; j < n[i] ;j++){
scanf("%ld",&d[j][i]);
}
}
for(i = 0; i < t;i++){
for(j = 0; j < n[i] ;j++){
printf("%ld ",d[j][i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
And I input the data
2
4
25 20 30 90
3
45 50 55
And the result is
25 20 30 90
45 50 55
Well, that's what I expected. However, when the input become like this
3
5
12 67 89 34 56
6
34 56 78 90 12 34
7
12 34 89 23 56 78 89
The result become like this
12 34 89 23 56 78 89
12 67 89 34 56 4206692 7 2293472 1982002386 16 3 2293344 2293408 0 2293552 0 0 4
198585 8918456 1982106837 1982010910 8918456 2293640 0 0 1985286516 2009576437 0
0 2293664 2009323341 2293740 2147348480 0
34 56 78 90 12 34 4199405 1982595752 8 12 2293424 2 2 1982356412 2147348480 2293
608 2147348480 1 -1 297753669 1982010784 1982015505 4199044 0 0 2147348480 21473
48480 0 0 0 7273647 2009576392 0 0 0 1 0 20 52 0 0 438759246 736 -214797894 1420
760826203 2272 852421325 3108 944791496 4028 -1322777276 4988 9 1 1 1204 7168 4
2 152 11832 7 1 40 12316 1682469715 1 140 44 0 0 0 2 0 7209065 5701724 6029427
12 34 89 23 56 78 89
Well, the simple question, why the output become like the above?? When I input above 2, the same result will be happened. Any possible answers and links if you don't mind it?? Thanks
You are writing outside your 2D array in many cases, sometimes you don't get errors, but that's just by chance.
You determine the size of the 2D array by the number of arrays to be inputted, but you also determine the size of the inner arrays at the same time:
scanf("%ld",&t);
long n[t],d[t][t];
So for example, let's take the first example:
2 >> create array n[2], and array d[2][2]
4 >> number of values to d[0]
25 20 30 90 >> d[0][1] = 25 d[0][2] = 20 you access d[0][3] and d[0][4] but you are not allowed to do that.
3 >> number of values to d[1]
45 50 55 >> d[1][0] = 45 d[1][1] = 50 you access d[1][2] but you are not allowed to do that
You build a matrix with size t*t, then fill in rows with more or less elements.
If you fill a row with too few elements, the rest remain uninitialized, and you get strange numbers. It's OK in your case, because you don't print these elements.
If you fill a row with too many elements, the excess overlaps into the next row. It may also exceed the whole matrix and corrupt your stack.
I guess this is what's going on - your n array is overrun, and your code goes crazy.
I believe that you can use malloc.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
long i,j,t;
printf("Rows : ");
scanf("%ld",&t);
long *n;
long **d;
n = (long* )malloc(sizeof(long) * t); // add malloc
d = (long** )malloc(sizeof(long *) * t); // add malloc
for(i = 0; i < t;i++){
printf("Column : ");
scanf("%ld",&n[i]);
d[i] = (long* )malloc(sizeof(long) * n[i]); //add malloc
if(d[i] == NULL)
printf("ERROR\n");
for(j = 0; j < n[i] ;j++){
scanf("%ld", &d[i][j]); // change from &d[j][i]
}
}
printf("\n\n");
for(i = 0; i < t;i++){
for(j = 0; j < n[i] ;j++){
printf("%ld ",d[i][j]); // change from d[j][i]
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Well, the simple question, why the output become like the above?? When
I input above 2, the same result will be happened. Any possible
answers and links if you don't mind it?? Thanks
because you allocate less memory than used.
scanf("%ld", &d[j][i]); you have to exchange the "i" and "j".