How to select delimited texts separately and completely SQL Server table column - sql-server

Question

I have a SQL Server table with a column p_author containing semi-colon (;) delimited text value. I used this query to split and select the respective id's from another table but it only splits once whereas I need all the value id's after splitting either p_author contains one value, two values, three values or whatever number of values. Under is the used query for splitting and selecting respective id's from another table.
select aid as [CountedID]
from sub_aminer_author
where name like (select RIGHT(p_author, LEN(p_author) - CHARINDEX(';', p_author))
from sub_aminer_paper
where pid = 4)
Sample data is shown here in this image.
#DarkKnight--This is my output in SqlServer2014

Answer 1

Try this..
DECLARE #X XML
DECLARE #STR VARCHAR(MAX)=''
Select #STR = #STR+';'+P_AUTHOR
From sub_aminer_paper
WHERE PID = 4
ORDER BY PID
select #STR = substring(#STR,2,len(#STR))
SELECT #X = CONVERT(xml,' <root> <s>' + REPLACE(#STR,';','</s> <s>') + '</s> </root> ')
select aid as [CountedID], name
from sub_aminer_author s
inner join (
SELECT row_number() over(order by (select null)) as rn, T.c.value('.','varchar(max)') as value
FROM #X.nodes('/root/s') T(c)) t on t.value = s.name
order by rn
Example fiddle : http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/34b6c/10

Answer 2

As it has been said in the comments, you really need to remove this bad design.
It will only lead to bigger problems and performance issues. (I know that sometime you have to deal will terrible design for a little while)
In the meantime, if you really need to split your rows, this type of query with a recursive CTE (SQL Fiddle)can be used:
create table sub_aminer_author(pid int, p_author varchar(max), name varchar(max));
go
Insert into sub_aminer_author(pid, p_author, name) values
(1, 'AAAA;BBBBB;CCCCC', 'AAAA'), (2, 'DDDDD;EEEEE;FFFF;GGGGGGGG', 'GGGGGGGG'), (3, 'HHH', 'GGGGGGGG');
go
with split(pid, first, pos) as(
Select pid, cast(1 as bigint)
, Case When CHARINDEX(';', p_author) > 0
Then CHARINDEX(';', p_author)-1 Else len(p_author) End
From sub_aminer_author
Union All
Select d.pid, s.pos+2
, Case When CHARINDEX(';', d.p_author, s.pos+2) > 0 Then CHARINDEX(';', d.p_author, s.pos+2)-1 Else len(p_author) End
From split s
Inner Join sub_aminer_author d on d.pid = s.pid
Where s.pos < len(d.p_author)-1
)
Select d.pid, s.first, s.pos , SUBSTRING(d.p_author, s.first, s.pos - s.first +1)
From split s
Inner Join sub_aminer_author d on d.pid = s.pid
order by d.pid, s.first
You have to understand that it is neither good nor efficient.
It should be ok as long as you only temporary use it to fix your current design issue and move splited data to a better design.