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Please tell me the difference between C programming language and C scripting language .Both are same or different?and if its different tell me good link to learn C scripting as beginer
By "C scripting language", you probably mean this: http://csl.sourceforge.net/csl.html or some other project to create an interpretable version of C (see Is there an interpreter for C?)
What's the difference? Well, "C" normally refers to a compiled version of the language, and "C scripting language" normally refers to an interpreted one. That's all there is to it. From the point of view of the language's standard, there might not be an actual difference between a compiled and an interpreted implementation if both follow the standard.
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I'm just start to study C programming language. I was recommended to use Visual Studio 2015 as modern editor and compiler. Can it work for just C?
The answer to your question is yes it can. See here for more details, and other languages that are supported.
However, many start programming in C without an IDE. Although, it can help you troubleshoot syntactical errors, you'll find that its most likely going to get in the way.
If you're new to programming; C is a great language to start with. I would recommend watching CS50. Happy programming.
Yes, Visual Studio can be used for just C. You can create a project that will compile C code and produce an executable program.
See http://www.swarthmore.edu/NatSci/tali/E15/Visual_C.html for a short explanation of how to create a simple project and write C code in VS.
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If I want to create a game in C with SDL for example, is there a reason of why I should use a scripting language like Lua with it (since alot of commercial games uses a scripting language)? I have heard that scripting languages often are faster to write and easier to read, but what should they do? (graphics? ai? input? etc).
They should interact with the various "programming primitives" that the native code implements. That is, the native code should only do enough to allow the scripts to function within the game (although "function" can sometimes mean speed-wise).
If that sounds cyclical... it is. There's no complete way to define at the beginning of development what responsibilities the native code will have as the project progresses.
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I am converting code written in perl to C language but before proceeding I would like to know the performance difference between perl execution and c language execution.
It depends entirely on what you are doing. Raw performance of an interpreted language like Perl isn't as good as C, but if you are accessing files, pulling information out of a database, or other things which aren't purely part of the language itself you'll find the performance difference is negligible and the benefit of an interpreted language is much easier maintainability.
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I am a computer science student. I studied C, then came to C++[an object oriented one] and now Java[More Object Oriented]. My question is whether 'C' language is of any importance these days? Did I study it for the sake of studying the languages in the order in which they were developed so as to understand languages step by step?
Is there things that can be done only with C? What is it's scope?
The main scopes are:
drivers
operating systems
systems where performance is critical
small embedded systems (thanks Joachim)
C is still heavily used in situations where otherwise one would drop down to assembler, since it's one of the few structured languages to let users code that close to the hardware.
And a lot of what claims to be C++ code is C code with an OOP wrapper.
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I have built a compiler for my new programming language. It works perfectly. I am onto the last part. I need to put it into a runnable format (an executable). I was looking at the mach-o format (I am runnning on osx), but it is not well documented and I am not that advanced. So my question is:
What is a good output for my first compiler?
P.S. I would really like to be able to run my program in terminal
I would suggest you to use TAC as an output of your compiler. TAC is a context free language, which means it can easily be converted to assembly by a simple script. It is widely used by compilers to optimize the intermediate code, before it is translated to a processor specific assembly language and being optimized to the corresponding processor architecture.
If I'm not wrong, there are several types of TAC code, and you will need to find which one suits you better. I remember having used it as an output of my compiler in the compiler course of my graduation, because I could then run a python script which would translate it into x86 assembly