Segmentation fault whilst reading strings from a text file into a struct - c

Im trying to read a file into a struct which contains a char array as shown in the code below, however it gives an output of segmentation fault: 11. I have tried everything including using similar examples but it has done my head in.
My code is as below:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_LENGTH 1024
struct Raw_Word{
char word[MAX_LENGTH];
char filename [25];
int length;
};
struct Final_Word{
char word[MAX_LENGTH];
int length;
int amount;
};
struct Raw_Word raw_word[MAX_LENGTH];
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
if (argc > 10) {
printf("Maximum of 10 files allowed");
return 1;
}
int i = 0;
int lines = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= argc; i++) {
FILE *fp = fopen(argv[i], "r");
while(fgets(raw_word[lines].word, MAX_LENGTH, fp)){
//printf("%s", raw_word[lines].word);
}
fclose(fp);
}
for(int j = 0; j < lines; j++){
printf("%s\n", raw_word[j].word);
}
return 0;
}

The line
for (i = 1; i <= argc; i++)
is not right. You need to stop the index at argc-1.
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
or
for (i = 1; i != argc; i++)

Related

Why do I get a segmentation fault here

Excuse me for the sloppy code, I am still a beginner. But after putting a long time into this programming question I got from my Uni I don't know where to turn.
The question itself is: we need to read from the "staedte.csv" (which displays the population and cities of German states) and then return an array of strings with the strings formatted like this: The city ***** has a population of ****.
You are supposed to pass in 2 arguments into the cli: the number 100 and the state you want to check the cities and population for: example Bayern (Bavaria).
My plan was to make a 2d array. First I would dynamically allocate the memory for the first one by making a for loop and iterating over the original csv to check how many states in the csv = the state from the arguments. Then I would make a dynamic array using the amount of states in the csv matching. Then I would iterate (with for loop) over the list of matching states and then first check the length of the formatted string then: The city ***** has a population of ****., then allocate that memory and store the pointer to that info in the previously created array. Then I try to print the first item of that array, meaning the pointer.
I checked and there are 8 elements in the csv with Bavaria as their state, but in the for loop
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
if j is larger than 4 then I Get a segmentation fault even though the space is supposed to be allocated.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "input3.h"
/* Die Konstanten:
* int MAX_LAENGE_STR - die maximale String Länge
* int MAX_LAENGE_ARR - die maximale Array Länge
* sind input3.c auf jeweils 255 und 100 definiert
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if (argc < 3)
{
printf("Aufruf: %s <anzahl> <bundesland>\n", argv[0]);
printf("Beispiel: %s 100 Bayern\n", argv[0]);
printf("Klein-/Großschreibung beachten!\n");
exit(1);
}
// int anzahl = atoi(argv[1]);
char *bundesland = argv[2];
// Statisch allokierter Speicher
char staedte[MAX_LAENGE_ARR][MAX_LAENGE_STR];
char laender[MAX_LAENGE_ARR][MAX_LAENGE_STR];
int bewohner[MAX_LAENGE_ARR];
read_file("staedte.csv", staedte, laender, bewohner);
// printf("%s %s", bundesland, laender[5]);
int CityCounter = 0;
int CopyCounter = 0;
int *CityArray;
CityArray = (int *)malloc(0);
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LAENGE_ARR; i++)
{
if (strncmp(laender[i], bundesland, strnlen(bundesland, 10)) == 0)
{
CityArray = realloc(CityArray, sizeof(CityArray) + sizeof(int) * 1);
CityArray[CityCounter] = i;
CityCounter++;
}
}
// printf("%d", CityCounter);
char **string = (char **)malloc(CityCounter * sizeof(int));
int j;
printf("%d", (int)sizeof(CityArray));
int numOfCities = (int)sizeof(CityArray);
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
char buffer[100];
size_t size = snprintf(buffer, 50, "Die Stadt %s hat %d Einwohner.\n", staedte[CityArray[j]], bewohner[CityArray[j]]);
string[j] = malloc(sizeof(char) * size);
// string[j][size] = "\0";
strncpy(string[j], buffer, size);
}
// printf("%s", string[2]);
for (int i = 0; i < numOfCities; i++)
{
printf("%s", string[i]);
}
// write_file(string, sizeof(string));
free(string);
}
this is the code I wrote.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "input3.h"
int MAX_LAENGE_STR = 255;
int MAX_LAENGE_ARR = 100;
void write_file(char *result[], int len)
{
FILE *fp = fopen("resultat.txt", "w");
if (fp == NULL)
{
perror("resultat.txt");
exit(1);
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
fprintf(fp, "%s\n", result[i]);
}
fclose(fp);
}
int read_file(char *dateiname, char staedte[][MAX_LAENGE_STR], char laender[][MAX_LAENGE_STR], int bewohner[])
{
FILE *fp = fopen(dateiname, "r");
if (fp == NULL)
{
perror(dateiname);
exit(1);
}
char stadt[MAX_LAENGE_STR];
char land[MAX_LAENGE_STR];
int anzahl;
int i = 0;
int len;
while (fscanf(fp, "\"%[^\"]\";\"%[^\"]\";%d\n", stadt, land, &anzahl) != EOF)
{
if (i >= MAX_LAENGE_ARR)
{
printf("ERROR: Die Datei ist größer als erwartet!");
return i;
}
len = strlen(stadt) + 1;
strncpy(staedte[i], stadt, len - 1);
staedte[i][len - 1] = '\0';
len = strlen(land) + 1;
strncpy(laender[i], land, len - 1);
laender[i][len - 1] = '\0';
bewohner[i] = anzahl;
i++;
}
fclose(fp);
return i;
}
extern int MAX_LAENGE_ARR;
extern int MAX_LAENGE_STR;
void write_file(char *result[], int len);
int read_file(char *dateiname, char staedte[][MAX_LAENGE_STR], char laender[][MAX_LAENGE_STR], int bewohner []);
This code was supplied by our Uni but it should be correct.
So I changed the
char **string = (char **)malloc(CityCounter * sizeof(int)); to char
**string = (char *)malloc(CityCounter * sizeof(char)); and now I don't get null.
But if I once again change the
for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {}
and modify the j larger then 4 then I get a bus error

Printing randomly to the screen in C

I am trying to print to the screen randomly in C. I am using random and time to generate random index and printing it but It definetely is not the way to do it. How do I print every element randomly to the screen in c?
Here is the code I have so far.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#define leng 128
#define arr 10
int main(void)
{
char line[arr][leng];
char fname[20];
FILE *fptr = NULL;
int i = 0;
int tot = 0;
scanf("%s",fname);
fptr = fopen(fname, "r");
while(fgets(line[i], leng, fptr))
{
line[i][strlen(line[i]) - 1] = '\0';
i++;
}
srand(time(0));
for(int i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
{
printf("%s\n", line[rand()%10]);
}
return 0;
}
My random text file has 6 lines of code.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#define LEN 128 //Don't mind the capital, personal preference for defines
#define ARR 6 //Make this match the number of lines in your file
int main(void)
{
char line[ARR][LEN];
char fname[20];
int test[ARR] = {0}; //Added an array to test if index already created
int ind[ARR] = {0}; //Array to store index created randomly
int ind_done = 0; //Counter for index array
FILE *fptr = NULL;
int i = 0;
int tot = 0;
scanf("%s",fname);
fptr = fopen(fname, "r");
while(fgets(line[i], LEN, fptr))
{
line[i][strlen(line[i]) - 1] = '\0';
i++;
}
srand(time(0));
for(int i = 0; i < ARR; ++i)
{
printf("%s\n", line[rand()%ARR]);
}
//Keep creating indexes using rand till all unique indexes are created
while (ind_done<ARR) {
int i = rand()%ARR;
if (test[i] == 0) {
ind[ind_done] = i;
ind_done++;
test[i] = 1;
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < ARR; ++i)
{
printf("%s\n", line[ind[i]]);
}
return 0;
}

Getting Segmentation Fault on simple loops

I'm trying to execute this code (yes, with that two lines commented out), but every time I get a Segmentation Fault.
I can't understand why.
(linux, gcc)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
char *current;
while(strcmp("99999999zz", current) != 0)
{
for(int i = 0; i < pow(10, 10); i++)
{
sprintf(current, "%010d", i);
printf("%s\n", current);
for(int a = 97; a <= 122; a++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
{
//current[j] = (char)a;
//printf("%s\n", current);
}
}
}
}
}
This code, instead, runs without problems:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
char *current;
while(strcmp("99999999zz", current) != 0)
{
for(int i = 0; i < pow(10, 10); i++)
{
sprintf(current, "%010d", i);
printf("%s\n", current);
}
}
}
You invoked undefined behavior in both programs by using value of uninitialized variable having automatic storage duration, which is indeterminate.
You should declare an array instead of a pointer and initialize it.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
double limit = pow(10, 10); /* calculating this every time in the loop may cause loss of performance */
char current[128] = ""; /* allocate enough memory and initialize */
while(strcmp("99999999zz", current) != 0)
{
for(int i = 0; i < limit; i++)
{
sprintf(current, "%010d", i);
printf("%s\n", current);
for(int a = 97; a <= 122; a++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
{
//current[j] = (char)a;
//printf("%s\n", current);
}
}
}
}
}

Calculating entropy in C

I'm trying to find the entropy of any given file. However, when I run my program, it always gives 3.00000 as an answer. I haven't used C in awhile, but I'm not sure where I'm going wrong here. I've been fiddling with it for a few hours now. Any tips would be great, thank you!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#define SIZE 256
int entropy_calc(long byte_count[], int length)
{
float entropy;
float count;
int i;
/* entropy calculation */
for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
if (byte_count[i] != 0)
{
count = (float) byte_count[i] / (float) length;
entropy += -count * log2f(count);
}
}
return entropy;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
FILE *inFile;
int i;
int j;
int n; // Bytes read by fread;
int length; // length of file
float count;
float entropy;
long byte_count[SIZE];
unsigned char buffer[1024];
/* do this for all files */
for(j = 1; j < argc; j++)
{
memset(byte_count, 0, sizeof(long) * SIZE);
inFile = fopen(argv[j], "rb"); // opens the file given on command line
if(inFile == NULL) // error-checking to see if file exists
{
printf("Files does not exist. `%s`\n", argv[j]);
continue;
}
/* Read the whole file in parts of 1024 */
while((n = fread(buffer, 1, 1024, inFile)) != 0)
{
/* Add the buffer to the byte_count */
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
byte_count[(int) buffer[i]]++;
length++;
}
}
fclose(inFile);
float entropy = entropy_calc(byte_count, length);
printf("%02.5f \t%s\n", entropy, argv[j]);
}
return 0;
}
Your return type of the function entropy_calc() should be float not int.

Trouble with argv and char

Since two hours, i'm trying to modify my program to give it arguments (argv) instead of a char.
So, here is my current code:
int i;
char ret[81];
*ret = 1;
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
{
ret[0] = '\0';
strcat(ret,argv[i]);
}
This code concatenate all args into a char, printf is returning the good same result as my old char argument, but not working in my code:
char test[] = "9...7....2...9..53.6..124..84...1.9.5.....8...31..4.....37..68..9..5.74147.......";
solve(test); //working
solve(ret); //not working
my app is launched like that:
./a.out "9...7...." "2...9..53" ".6..124.." "84...1.9." "5.....8.." ".31..4..." "..37..68." ".9..5.741" "47......."
Soooo, if anyone understand my problem i'll probably need some help :D
sample code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
void solve(char *data){
static const char *result = "9...7....2...9..53.6..124..84...1.9.5.....8...31..4.....37..68..9..5.74147.......";
if(strcmp(result, data) == 0)
printf("working\n");
else
printf("not working\n");
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int i, total_length = 0;
for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i){
total_length += strlen(argv[i]);
}
char ret[total_length + 1];
ret[0] = '\0';
for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i){
strcat(ret, argv[i]);
}
char test[] = "9...7...."
"2...9..53"
".6..124.."
"84...1.9."
"5.....8.."
".31..4..."
"..37..68."
".9..5.741"
"47.......";
solve(test);
solve(ret);
return 0;
}

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