my program in R creates an n-dimensional array.
PVALUES = array(0, dim=dimensions)
where dimensions = c(x,y,z, ... )
The dimensions will depend on a particular input. So, I want to create a general-purpose code that will:
Store a particular element in the array
Read a particular element from the array
From reading this site I learned how to do #2 - read an element from the array
ll=list(x,y,z, ...)
element_xyz = do.call(`[`, c(list(PVALUES), ll))
Please help me solving #1, that is storing an element to the n-dimensional array.
Let me rephrase my question
Suppose I have a 4-dimensional array. I can store a value and read a value from this array:
PVALUES[1,1,1,1] = 43 #set a value
data = PVALUES[1,1,1,1] #use a value
How can I perform the same operations using a function of a vector of indexes:
indexes = c(1,1,1,1)
set(PVALUES, indexes) = 43
data = get(PVALUES, indexes) ?
Thank you
Thanks for helpful response.
I will use the following solution:
PVALUES = array(0, dim=dimensions) #Create an n-dimensional array
dimensions = c(x,y,z,...,n)
Set a value to PVALUES[x,y,z,...,n]:
y=c(x,y,z,...,n)
PVALUES[t(y)]=26
Reading a value from PVALUES[x,y,z,...,n]:
y=c(x,y,z,...,n)
data=PVALUES[t(y)]
The indexing of arrays can be done with matrices having the same number of columns as there are dimensions:
# Assignment with "[<-"
newvals <- matrix( c( x,y,z,vals), ncol=4)
PVALUES[ newvals[ ,-4] ] <- vals
# Reading values with "["
PVALUES[ newvals[ ,-4] ]
Related
I am new to Swift and am struggling to work out how to determine the size of a multidimensional array.
I can use the count function for single arrays, however when i create a matrix/multidimensional array, the output for the count call just gives a single value.
var a = [[1,2,3],[3,4,5]]
var c: Int
c = a.count
print(c)
2
The above matrix 'a' clearly has 2 rows and 3 columns, is there any way to output this correct size.
In Matlab this is a simple task with the following line of code,
a = [1,2,3;3,4,5]
size(a)
ans =
2 3
Is there a simple equivalent in Swift
I have looked high and low for a solution and cant seem to find exactly what i am after.
Thanks
- HB
Because 2D arrays in swift can have subarrays with different lengths. There is no "matrix" type.
let arr = [
[1,2,3,4,5],
[1,2,3],
[2,3,4,5],
]
So the concept of "rows" and "columns" does not exist. There's only count.
If you want to count all the elements in the subarrays, (in the above case, 12), you can flat map it and then count:
arr.flatMap { $0 }.count
If you are sure that your array is a matrix, you can do this:
let rows = arr.count
let columns = arr[0].count // 0 is an arbitrary value
You must ask the size of a specific row of your array to get column sizes :
print("\(a.count) \(a[0].count)")
If you are trying to find the length of 2D array which in this case the number of rows (or # of subarrays Ex.[1,2,3]) you may use this trick: # of total elements that can be found using:
a.flatMap { $0 }.count //a is the array name
over # of elements in one row using:
a[0].count //so elemints has to be equal in each subarray
so your code to get the length of 2D array with equal number of element in each subarray and store it in constant arrayLength is:
let arrayLength = (((a.flatMap { $0 }.count ) / (a[0].count))) //a is the array name
I have a numpy array A of size 10 with values ranging from 0-4. I want to create a new 2-D array B from this with its ith column being a vector corresponding to the ith element of A.
For example, the value 1 as the first element of A would correspond to B having a column vector [0,1,0,0,0] as it's first column. A having 4 as its third element would correspond to B having it's 3rd column as [0,0,0,1,0]
I have the following code:
import numpy as np
A = np.random.randint(0,5,10)
B = np.ones((5,10))
iden = np.identity(5, dtype=np.float64)
for i in range(0,10):
a = A[i]
B[:,i:i+1] = iden[:,a:a+1]
print A
print B
The code is doing what it's supposed to be doing but I am sure there are more efficient ways of doing this. Can anyone please suggest some?
That could be solved by initializing an array of zeros and then integer-indexing into it with indices from A and assigning 1s, like so -
M,N = 5,10
A = np.random.randint(0,M,N)
B = np.zeros((M,N))
B[A,np.arange(len(A))] = 1
for the following code:
from array import *
x=[]
x.append(0.232)
print (x)
for i in range(25):
x[i+1]=(1/(i+1))-5*x[i]
I have this error:
x[i+1]=(1/(i+1))-5*x[i]
IndexError: list assignment index out of range
This may be happening because I have defined x to be an empty array. But how do I define the array and perform the same operation otherwise?
list is not designed for efficient mathematical operations and therefore its better to use numpy arrays for doing mathematical operations. However, if you want to use list, you may define a list initialized with n zero's using
x=[0]*n
x[0] = 0.232
x[1] = ....
....
Remember, that a multidimensional list created using above approach will refer to same element in the array! For example:
l = [0,0,0]*5
will be creating five same list's inside another list not separate list's. So its a bad idea to create multidimensional array like this!
A better way would be to create arrays using numpy using following code:
from numpy import empty, zeros
x = empty(n) # or # x = zeros(n)
x[0] = 0.232
x[1] = ....
....
and
l = empty((3,5)) # or # l = zeros((3,5))
for a array with 3 rows and 5 columns.
So my main objective is to take a matrix of form
matrix = [a, 1; b, 2; c, 3]
and a list of identifiers in matrix[:,1]
list = [a; c]
and generate a new matrix
new_matrix = [a, 1;c, 3]
My problem is I need to import the data that would be used in 'matrix' from a tab-delimited text file. To get this data into Matlab I use the code:
matrix_open = fopen(fn_matrix, 'r');
matrix = textscan(matrix_open, '%c %d', 'Delimiter', '\t');
which outputs a cell array of two 3x1 arrays. I want to get this into one 3x2 matrix where the first column is a character, and the second column an integer (these data formats will be different in my implementation).
So far I've tried the code:
matrix_1 = cell2mat(matrix(1,1));
matrix_2 = cell2mat(matrix(1,2));
matrix = horzcat(matrix_1, matrix_2)
but this is returning a 3x2 matrix where the second column is empty.
If I just use
cell2mat(matrix)
it says it can't do it because of the different data formats.
Thanks!
This is the help of matlab for the cell2mat function:
cell2mat Convert the contents of a cell array into a single matrix.
M = cell2mat(C) converts a multidimensional cell array with contents of
the same data type into a single matrix. The contents of C must be able
to concatenate into a hyperrectangle. Moreover, for each pair of
neighboring cells, the dimensions of the cell's contents must match,
excluding the dimension in which the cells are neighbors. This constraint
must hold true for neighboring cells along all of the cell array's
dimensions.
From what I understand the contents you want to put in a matrix should be of the same type otherwise why do you want a matrix? you could simply create a new cell array.
It's not possible to have a normal matrix with characters and numbers. That's why cell2mat won't work here. But you can store different datatypes in a cell-array. Use cellstr for the strings/characters and num2cell for the integers to convert the contents of matrix. If you have other datatypes, use an appropriate function for this step. Then assign them to the columns of an empty cell-array.
Here is the code:
fn_matrix = 'data.txt';
matrix_open = fopen(fn_matrix, 'r');
matrix = textscan(matrix_open, '%c %d', 'Delimiter', '\t');
X = cell(size(matrix{1},1),2);
X(:,1) = cellstr(matrix{1});
X(:,2) = num2cell(matrix{2});
The result:
X =
'a' [1]
'b' [2]
'c' [3]
Now we can do the second part of the question. Extracting the entries where the letter matches with one of the list. Therefore you can use ismember and logical indexing like this:
list = ['a'; 'c'];
sel = ismember(X(:,1),list);
Y(:,1) = X(sel,1);
Y(:,2) = X(sel,2);
The result here:
Y =
'a' [1]
'c' [3]
I am currently looking for an efficient way to slice multidimensional matrices in MATLAB. Ax an example, say I have a multidimensional matrix such as
A = rand(10,10,10)
I would like obtain a subset of this matrix (let's call it B) at certain indices along each dimension. To do this, I have access to the index vectors along each dimension:
ind_1 = [1,4,5]
ind_2 = [1,2]
ind_3 = [1,2]
Right now, I am doing this rather inefficiently as follows:
N1 = length(ind_1)
N2 = length(ind_2)
N3 = length(ind_3)
B = NaN(N1,N2,N3)
for i = 1:N1
for j = 1:N2
for k = 1:N3
B(i,j,k) = A(ind_1(i),ind_2(j),ind_3(k))
end
end
end
I suspect there is a smarter way to do this. Ideally, I'm looking for a solution that does not use for loops and could be used for an arbitrary N dimensional matrix.
Actually it's very simple:
B = A(ind_1, ind_2, ind_3);
As you see, Matlab indices can be vectors, and then the result is the Cartesian product of those vector indices. More information about Matlab indexing can be found here.
If the number of dimensions is unknown at programming time, you can define the indices in a cell aray and then expand into a comma-separated list:
ind = {[1 4 5], [1 2], [1 2]};
B = A(ind{:});
You can reference data in matrices by simply specifying the indices, like in the following example:
B = A(start:stop, :, 2);
In the example:
start:stop gets a range of data between two points
: gets all entries
2 gets only one entry
In your case, since all your indices are 1D, you could just simply use:
C = A(x_index, y_index, z_index);