I am trying to send data from the Msp430fr5969 Launchpad to the rn-52-ek so it can pass the data along through bluetooth.
#include <msp430.h>
void uartSend(unsigned char *pucData, unsigned char ucLength)
{
while(ucLength>0)
{
// Wait for TX buffer to be ready for new data
while(!(UCA1IFG & UCTXIFG));
// Push data to TX buffer
UCA1TXBUF = *pucData;
// Update variables
ucLength--;
pucData++;
}
}
void initUART()
{
/* Place UCA0 in Reset to be configured */
UCA0CTL1 = UCSWRST;
//Set BRCLK = SMCLK
UCA0CTL1 |= UCSSEL_2;
//Values found using table for 16Mhz and 115200 baudrate
UCA0BR0=8;
UCA0BR1=0;
UCA0MCTLW = 0xF7 << 8;
UCA0MCTLW |= 10 << 4;
UCA0MCTLW |= UCOS16;
//UCA0 out of reset
UCA0CTL1 &= ~UCSWRST;
}
int main(void) {
// disable watchdog timer
//------------------------
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Stop WDT
initUART();
unsigned char sendString[] = "Banana";
unsigned char length=6;
while(1)
{
uartSend(sendString,length);
}
return 0;
}
Nothing is happening when I run the above code, not even reading anything on the multimeter. What am I missing?
I know there are some bad practices, I just want to get it working and I'll add the interrupt based sending later.
You should set Port 2.5 as Tx for the UART
Related
I am trying to use the SPI communication to read data from the ADXL345 accelerometer. I configured the different pins and SPI in master mode, and tried reading the x, y and z axis accelerations.
My issue is that the SPI readings are always 0. I tried debugging to find the issue and I realized that RXNE is never set even though I'm transmitting data and I don't really get why.
I'm using STM32F103 Board.
Here's my code:
#include "Driver_GPIO.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
uint8_t RxData[6];
int x,y,z;
float x_acc,y_acc,z_acc;
void GPIO_Config (void)
{
MyGPIO_Struct_TypeDef NSS={GPIOA,4,Out_OD}; // Output Open Drain
MyGPIO_Struct_TypeDef SCK={GPIOA,5,AltOut_Ppull}; // Alternate Output Push-Pull
MyGPIO_Struct_TypeDef MISO={GPIOA,6,In_Floating}; // Input Floating
MyGPIO_Struct_TypeDef MOSI={GPIOA,7,AltOut_Ppull}; // Alternate Output Push-Pull
RCC->APB2ENR |= RCC_APB2ENR_IOPAEN; //enable GPIOA clk
MyGPIO_Init(&NSS);
MyGPIO_Init(&SCK);
MyGPIO_Init(&MISO);
MyGPIO_Init(&MOSI);
}
void SPI_Enable (void)
{
SPI1->CR1 |= (SPI_CR1_SPE); // SPE=1, Peripheral enabled
}
void SPI_Disable (void)
{
SPI1->CR1 &= ~(SPI_CR1_SPE); // SPE=0, Peripheral Disabled
}
void CS_Enable (void)
{
GPIOA->BSRR |= GPIO_BSRR_BR9;
}
void CS_Disable (void)
{
GPIOA->BSRR |= GPIO_BSRR_BS9;
}
void SPI_Config(void){
RCC->APB2ENR |= RCC_APB2ENR_SPI1EN; // Enable SPI1 CLock
SPI1->CR1 |= SPI_CR1_CPOL| SPI_CR1_CPHA; // CPOL=1, CPHA=1
SPI1->CR1 |= SPI_CR1_MSTR; // Master Mode
SPI1->CR1 |= (SPI_CR1_BR_0)| (SPI_CR1_BR_1); // BR[2:0] = 400: fPCLK/16, PCLK2 = 72MHz, SPI clk = 3.375MHz
SPI1->CR1 &= ~SPI_CR1_LSBFIRST; // LSBFIRST = 0, MSB first
SPI1->CR1 |= (SPI_CR1_SSM) | (SPI_CR1_SSI); // SSM=1, SSI=1 -> Software Slave Management
SPI1->CR1 &= ~SPI_CR1_RXONLY; // RXONLY = 0, full-duplex
SPI1->CR1 &= ~SPI_CR1_DFF; // DFF=0, 8 bit data
SPI1->CR2 = 0;
}
void SPI_Transmission(uint8_t *data, int size){
uint8_t clear;
//check flag TxE //
int i=0;
while (i<size)
{
while (!((SPI1->SR)&(SPI_SR_TXE))){}; // buffer is empty
*(volatile uint8_t *)&SPI1->DR = data[i];
i++;
}
while (!((SPI1->SR)&(SPI_SR_TXE))){}; // buffer is empty
while (((SPI1->SR)&(SPI_SR_BSY))){}; // buffer not communicating
clear= SPI1->DR; // empty Overrun flag
clear= SPI1->SR;
}
void SPI_Receive (uint8_t *data,int size)
{
while (size)
{
while (((SPI1->SR)&(SPI_SR_BSY))) {}; // buffer not communicating
*(volatile uint8_t *)&SPI1->DR = 0; // dummy data
while (!((SPI1->SR) &(SPI_SR_RXNE))){};
// buffer is not empty
*data++= *(volatile uint8_t *)&SPI1->DR;
size--;
}
}
void adxl345_write (uint8_t address, uint8_t value)
{
uint8_t data[2];
data[0] = address|0x40; // multibyte write
data[1] = value;
CS_Enable (); // pull the cs pin low
SPI_Transmission (data,2); // write data to register
CS_Disable (); // pull the cs pin high
}
void adxl345_read (uint8_t address, uint8_t *RxData)
{
address |= 0x80; // read operation
address |= 0x40; // multibyte read
CS_Enable (); // pull the pin low
SPI_Transmission (&address,1); // send address
SPI_Receive (RxData,6); // receive 6 bytes data
CS_Disable ();; // pull the pin high
}
void adxl345_init (void)
{
adxl345_write (0x31, 0x01); // data_format range= +- 4g
adxl345_write (0x2d, 0x00); // reset all bits
adxl345_write (0x2d, 0x08); // power_cntl measure and wake up 8hz
}
int main(void)
{
GPIO_Config();
SPI_Config();
SPI_Enable();
adxl345_init();
do{
adxl345_read(0x32,RxData);
x = ((RxData[1]<<8)|RxData[0]); // DATA X0, X1
y = ((RxData[3]<<8)|RxData[2]); // DATA Y0, Y1
z = ((RxData[5]<<8)|RxData[4]); // DATA Z0, Z1
// Scale Factor for Xout, Yout and Zout is 7.8 mg/LSB for a +-4g, 10-bit resolution
// ==> multiply by 0.0078 to get real acceleration values
x_acc= x * 0.0078;
y_acc= y * 0.0078;
z_acc= z * 0.0078;
}while(1);
}
As already stated you have a lot of issues here
Why NSS pin is configured open-drain? Typically CS lines are push-pull. I don't know the schematics, but this is the first time I see an open-drain CS
In GPIO_Config NSS is pin 4, yet pin 9 is toggled from CS_Enable
If F1 series there is separate clocking bit for the alternate functions, it's not enabled
It is also weird that you are telling that RXNE is always zero and the readings returns zero. Your code should stuck in while loops if RXNE stays zero
I will not analyze magic numbers as I do not have time check every number in the RM. But you have many obvious issues.
Deley or readback is required after enabling the peripheral clock. You instantly set the registers which is wrong. Add __DSB(); or readback (for example (void)RCC->APB2ENR;). Same for all peripherals
I needed to use software serial in my MSP-EXP430G2ET board which uses MSP430G2553 microcontroller. I used msp430g2xx3_ta_uart9600.c file in TI's sofware library. In this code UART pins configured as P1.1 and P1.2. By the way these pins are original RX-TX pins of MSP430.
That is working pretty well, but when I changed the pins to some other pins it does not work. This is the code I am working on. In this code I tried to configure RX-TX pins as P2.1-P2.2
#include <msp430.h>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Hardware-related definitions
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define UART_TXD BIT1 // TXD on P2.1 (Timer0_A.OUT0)
#define UART_RXD BIT2 // RXD on P2.2 (Timer0_A.CCI1A)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Conditions for 9600 Baud SW UART, SMCLK = 1MHz
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define UART_TBIT_DIV_2 (1000000 / (9600 * 2))
#define UART_TBIT (1000000 / 9600)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global variables used for full-duplex UART communication
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
unsigned int txData; // UART internal variable for TX
unsigned char rxBuffer; // Received UART character
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Function prototypes
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void TimerA_UART_init(void);
void TimerA_UART_tx(unsigned char byte);
void TimerA_UART_print(char *string);
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// main()
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(void)
{
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Stop watchdog timer
if (CALBC1_1MHZ==0xFF) // If calibration constant erased
{
while(1); // do not load, trap CPU!!
}
DCOCTL = 0; // Select lowest DCOx and MODx settings
BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_1MHZ; // Set DCOCLK to 1MHz
DCOCTL = CALDCO_1MHZ;
P2OUT = 0x00; // Initialize all GPIO
P2SEL = UART_TXD + UART_RXD; // Timer function for TXD/RXD pins
P2DIR = 0xFF & ~UART_RXD; // Set all pins but RXD to output
P1OUT = 0x00;
P1SEL = 0x00;
P1DIR = 0xFF;
__enable_interrupt();
TimerA_UART_init(); // Start Timer_A UART
TimerA_UART_print("G2xx2 TimerA UART\r\n");
TimerA_UART_print("READY.\r\n");
for (;;)
{
// Wait for incoming character
// __bis_SR_register(LPM0_bits);
// TimerA_UART_print("AT\r\n\n");
// __delay_cycles(100000);
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Function configures Timer_A for full-duplex UART operation
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void TimerA_UART_init(void)
{
TACCTL0 = OUT; // Set TXD Idle as Mark = '1'
TACCTL1 = SCS + CM1 + CAP + CCIE; // Sync, Neg Edge, Capture, Int
TACTL = TASSEL_2 + MC_2; // SMCLK, start in continuous mode
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Outputs one byte using the Timer_A UART
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void TimerA_UART_tx(unsigned char byte)
{
while (TACCTL0 & CCIE); // Ensure last char got TX'd
TACCR0 = TAR; // Current state of TA counter
TACCR0 += UART_TBIT; // One bit time till first bit
TACCTL0 = OUTMOD0 + CCIE; // Set TXD on EQU0, Int
txData = byte; // Load global variable
txData |= 0x100; // Add mark stop bit to TXData
txData <<= 1; // Add space start bit
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Prints a string over using the Timer_A UART
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void TimerA_UART_print(char *string)
{
while (*string) {
TimerA_UART_tx(*string++);
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Timer_A UART - Transmit Interrupt Handler
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) || defined(__IAR_SYSTEMS_ICC__)
#pragma vector = TIMER0_A0_VECTOR
__interrupt void Timer_A0_ISR(void)
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
void __attribute__ ((interrupt(TIMER0_A0_VECTOR))) Timer_A0_ISR (void)
#else
#error Compiler not supported!
#endif
{
static unsigned char txBitCnt = 10;
TACCR0 += UART_TBIT; // Add Offset to CCRx
if (txBitCnt == 0) { // All bits TXed?
TACCTL0 &= ~CCIE; // All bits TXed, disable interrupt
txBitCnt = 10; // Re-load bit counter
}
else {
if (txData & 0x01) {
TACCTL0 &= ~OUTMOD2; // TX Mark '1'
}
else {
TACCTL0 |= OUTMOD2; // TX Space '0'
}
txData >>= 1;
txBitCnt--;
}
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Timer_A UART - Receive Interrupt Handler
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if defined(__TI_COMPILER_VERSION__) || defined(__IAR_SYSTEMS_ICC__)
#pragma vector = TIMER0_A1_VECTOR
__interrupt void Timer_A1_ISR(void)
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
void __attribute__ ((interrupt(TIMER0_A1_VECTOR))) Timer_A1_ISR (void)
#else
#error Compiler not supported!
#endif
{
static unsigned char rxBitCnt = 8;
static unsigned char rxData = 0;
switch (__even_in_range(TA0IV, TA0IV_TAIFG)) { // Use calculated branching
case TA0IV_TACCR1: // TACCR1 CCIFG - UART RX
TACCR1 += UART_TBIT; // Add Offset to CCRx
if (TACCTL1 & CAP) { // Capture mode = start bit edge
TACCTL1 &= ~CAP; // Switch capture to compare mode
TACCR1 += UART_TBIT_DIV_2; // Point CCRx to middle of D0
}
else {
rxData >>= 1;
if (TACCTL1 & SCCI) { // Get bit waiting in receive latch
rxData |= 0x80;
}
rxBitCnt--;
if (rxBitCnt == 0) { // All bits RXed?
rxBuffer = rxData; // Store in global variable
rxBitCnt = 8; // Re-load bit counter
TACCTL1 |= CAP; // Switch compare to capture mode
__bic_SR_register_on_exit(LPM0_bits); // Clear LPM0 bits from 0(SR)
}
}
break;
}
}
When you are using the hardware UART module, you have to use one of those pins that the module is connected to (P1.1/P1.2 for UCA0RXD/UCA0TXD).
When you are using a hardware timer module, you have to use one of those pins that the module is connected to (P1.1 or P1.5 for TA0.0, P1.2 or P1.6 or P2.6 for TA0.1).
Some other pins can be used if you use the other timer module. But P2.1/P2.2 are both connected to the same CCR of TimerA1.
I am attempting to program two MSP430s to essentially instant message through PuTTY, but cannot figure out how to get typed information onto the MSP430 without the debugger. I'm using CCS and it's an MSP430 F2274. I have one program in which the user inputs in morse code on the button on one MSP430 that successfully outputs to PuTTY off another MSP430 via the following method.
void displayString(char array[], char size) {
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Disable WDT
DCOCTL = CALDCO_8MHZ; // Load 8MHz constants
BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_8MHZ; //
P3SEL |= 0x30; // P3.4,5 = USCI_A0 TXD/RXD
UCA0CTL1 |= UCSSEL_2; // SMCLK
UCA0BR0 = 0x41; // 8MHz 9600
UCA0BR1 = 0x03; // 8MHz 9600
UCA0MCTL = UCBRS1; // Modulation UCBRSx = 2
UCA0CTL1 &= ~UCSWRST; // **Initialize USCI state
int count;
for(count=0; count<size; count++){
while (!(IFG2&UCA0TXIFG)); // USCI_A0 TX buffer ready?
UCA0TXBUF = array[count]; // TX -> RXed character
}
}
Can someone send code that does the reverse (types information onto MSP430) with a similar setup? thanks.
I used picocom:
$ picocom -r -b 9600 /dev/ttySxxxx
Code for UART initialization:
void uart_setup()
{
// Configure UART pins
P2SEL1 |= BIT0 + BIT1;
P2SEL0 &= ~(BIT0 + BIT1);
// Configure UART 0
UCA0CTL1 |= UCSWRST; // perform reset
UCA0CTL1 = UCSSEL_1; // Set ACLK = 32768 as UCBRCLK
UCA0BR0 = 3; // 9600 baud
UCA0BR1 = 0;
UCA0MCTLW |= 0x5300; // 32768/9600 - INT(32768/9600)=0.41
// UCBRSx value = 0x53 (See UG)
UCA0CTL1 &= ~UCSWRST; // release from reset
//UCA0IE |= UCRXIE; // Enable RX interrupt
}
Override putchar():
int putchar(int c)
{
if (c == '\n') putchar('\r');
while (!(UCA0IFG & UCTXIFG));
UCA0TXBUF = c;
return 0;
}
And then you can simple call printf(...) to output text from the MSP430 to the serial port.
If you still want to leave putchar() and prtinf() for debug purpose - printing into debug window of debugger, then you can have separate read function:
unsigned char ReadByteUCA_UART(void)
{
//while ((IFG2&UCA0RXIFG)==0); // wait for RX buffer (full)
while(UCA0STAT&UCBUSY);
return (UCA0RXBUF);
}
Only 4 letters are showing up. Like in the example, I send the string "abcdef", but it only shows the 4 letters "abcf". I don't know why the other letters don't show up. I'm using Atmega8 and Bray terminal. I'm already following from the datasheet [http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/21822E.pdf][1]. But I've already found a dead end.
Implementation of functions
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#define DD_SS PINB2 //Chip select ON RC2
#define DD_MOSI PINB3 // Master out - Slave in pin
#define DD_MISO PINB4 // Master in - Slave out pin
#define DD_SCK PINB5 // Clock from master
#define DDR_SPI PORTB // DDR_SPI
void serial_init(void)
{
UBRRH = 0x00;
UBRRL = 7;
UCSRC = (1<<URSEL)|(1<<USBS)|(3<<UCSZ0)|(1 << UCSZ1);
UCSRB = (1 << RXEN) | (1 << TXEN)| (1<<RXCIE);
}
unsigned char Usart_Receive(void)
{
while ((UCSRA & (1 << RXC)) == 0) {};
return UDR;
}
void Usart_Transmit(unsigned char c)
{
PORTD= 0b00000100; //RTS Enable
while ((UCSRA & (1 << UDRE)) == 0) {};
UDR = c;
PORTD= 0b00000000; //RTS Disable
}
void SPI_MasterInit(void)
{
DDRB = 0b00101100;
DDR_SPI = (1<<DD_MOSI)|(1<<DD_SCK);
SPCR = 0b01010000;
SPSR = 0b00000001;
}
unsigned char spi_transfer(volatile char data)
{
SPDR = data;
while(!(SPSR & (1<<SPIF)));
{
}
return SPDR;
}
void SPI_MasterTransmit (uint8_t Data)
{
uint16_t address;
SPCR = (1<<SPE) | (1<<MSTR) | (0<<CPHA);
DDR_SPI &= ~(1<<DD_SS); // Select EEPROM
spi_transfer(WREN); // Send WRITE_ENABLE command
DDR_SPI |= (1<<DD_SS); // Release EEPROM
DDR_SPI &= ~(1<<DD_SS); //ss goes low
spi_transfer(WRITE); // write data to memory
spi_transfer (address>>8);
spi_transfer (address);
spi_transfer(Data);
DDR_SPI |= (1<<DD_SS); //ss goes high
}
unsigned char SPI_MasterReceive(uint16_t address)
{
unsigned long data;
SPCR = (1<<SPE) | (1<<MSTR) | (0<<CPHA);
//waitBusy();
DDR_SPI &= ~(1<<DD_SS); //ss goes low
spi_transfer(READ); //enable write operation
spi_transfer (address>>8);
spi_transfer (address);
data = spi_transfer(0xff);
DDR_SPI |= (1<<DD_SS); //goes high
return data;
}
and this is main function
int main (void)
{
char data;
unsigned char address;
serial_init();
SPI_MasterInit();
while(1)
{
data = Usart_Receive();
_delay_ms(10);
SPI_MasterTransmit(data);
_delay_ms(10);
data = SPI_MasterReceive(address); //read data from the memory
_delay_ms(10); //pause for readability
Usart_Transmit(data);
}
return 0;
}
I hope someone can help me here. :)
Your USART is transmitting too fast for your receiver. By your fourth time through the main loop, the USART transmitter has overwritten the "d" with "e" and then with "f".
A way to get around this is to use interrupts for receiving data, instead of polling like you are doing now. But you won't be able to write to the EEPROM as fast as the interrupts come. Instead, you should queue up the letters into a circular array or linked list or some other data structure as they arrive, and then write them to EEPROM in the main loop as time allows.
Note that this solution will only help with bursty data; you save up the burst and then deal with it as you can. But if the USART is continuously too fast, then you will never be able to keep up.
To debug this issue you need to localise the place of problem and to do this you have to split your experiment on sub-tasks.
One of them is to check UART separately, the code gets here like:
while(1)
{
data = Usart_Receive();
_delay_ms(10);
Usart_Transmit(data);
}
The second one is to check SPI apart from UART stuff if you have JTAG, or altogether if you get managed with making UART working. For the separate SPI checking just comment Usart_Receive(); and Usart_Transmit(data); initialize data with anything and probably increment it in the while. Hope this idea helps.
I am using the UART of Atmega169/AVR Butterfly for transmission to another board, baudrate 56700, no parity, 1 stopbit, no flow control. The oscillator is running at 7,3768Mhz (checked). I can transmit data successfully (checked with the other board and PC/HyperTerminal), but not receive any data - when running the debugger the configuration bits are all set correctly, but RXC is false constantly - I also checked if I can send data to myself (connected TXD to RXD and grounded), but without success. (Tried with ISR as well as polling)
Below are the relevant parts of the code, I hope you can deal with it - PORTB is used as output for testing with the oscilloscope (I know I could just use one pin, but there is nothing else on PORTB right now):
int main(void){
OSCCAL_Calibrate(); // calibrate the internal oscillator
int UBRR_VAL = ((F_CPU)/(BAUD*16)-1);
UART_Init(UBRR_VAL);
DDRB |= 0xFF;
PORTB = 0;
testCharSend();
while(1);
return 0;
}
void testCharSend()
{
char i = 'x';
while(1){
Uart_Tx(i);
}
}
void UART_Init(unsigned int baudrate)
{
// Set baud rate
UBRRH = (unsigned char)(baudrate>>8);
UBRRL = (unsigned char)baudrate;
UCSRA = 0;
// Enable receiver and transmitter
UCSRB = (1<<RXEN)|(1<<TXEN);
// Async. mode, 8bit, No parity, 1 stop bit (like CC2540)
UCSRC = (0<<UMSEL)|(0<<UPM0)|(0<<USBS)|(3<<UCSZ0)|(0<<UCPOL);
// enable receive interrupt
UCSRB |= (1<<RXCIE);
// flush UART
UART_Flush();
}
void UART_Flush( void )
{
unsigned char dummy;
while ( UCSRA & (1<<RXC) ) dummy = UDR;
}
void Uart_Tx(char data)
{
while (!(UCSRA & (1<<UDRE)));
UDR = data;
}
ISR (USART0_RX_vect)
{
PORTB ^= 0xFF;
char c = UDR;
}
OK, I tested the connections with an oscilloscope, the RXD line on the board was broken, switched the board and now it's working, so the code above is valid!