How to calculate blank space - c

i have been trying calculate the amount of blank space in a sentence, but I don't know how to let the program know which sentence that I want it to calculate, please help me, here is my code.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>
int wid, len, i, j, temp, blank;
char text[100], ch;
int main(){
printf ("Enter the width of the colum: ");
gets (text);
sscanf (text, "%d", &wid);
printf ("\nEnter a line of text: ");
gets (text);
len = strlen (text);
for (i = 0; i < 7; i++){
printf ("1234567890");
}
while(len > 50){
printf ("\nThe text is too long!\n");
break;
}
ch = getch();
for (j = 0; j < len; j++){
if (ch == ' ') {blank++;}
}
printf ("\n%d", blank);
}
I want to calculate how many blank for this part
printf ("\nEnter a line of text: ");
gets (text);

instead of
ch = getch();
for (j = 0; j < len; j++){
if (ch == ' ') {blank++;}
try
for(j = 0; j < len; j++)
{
if(text[j] == ' ') //comparing if the string in text contains blank space at position j
blank++;
}
also, instead of gets() to read the string, use fgets.

/* cprogram to count blanck spaces in the string*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
int len,i,blank_space=0;
char str[20];
printf("Enter the string ");
fgets(str,20,stdin);
printf("%s",str);
//claculate string length
len=strlen(str);
//printing length of the string
printf("length of the string is %d",len);
//loop to detect blankspaces
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
if(str[i]==' ')
blank_space++;
}
//display the result
printf("no of blanked spaces is %d",blank_space);
return 0;
}

Related

How can I pass a stdin as an argument for my function?

My first program. I would like it if the user enters a word made of letters and then it uses my loop function to output mixed up even and odd characters. Currently I cannot get it to compile. Bonus points if someone can show me how to loop the users input so after it asks the size to make the array, it prompts the user that many times for an "element" or word so that the function can scramble it and output it.
#include <stdio.h>
char transform(char str[]);
int main()
{ //Declare an array and size variable
int size = 0;
char str[size];
printf("How many elements?");
scanf("%d", &size);
printf("Please type an element: ");
//Get input from user
str[0] = scanf("%s", str);
transform(str);
printf("Please type another element: ");
//Get another input from user
str[1] = scanf("%s", str);
transform(str);
//This is the loop function that I programmed
char transform(char str[]);
{
//Loop that prints even characters
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if(i % 2 == 0)
{
printf("%c", str[i]);
}
} //Space between even/odd characters
printf(" ");
//Loop that prints odd characters
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if(i % 2 != 0)
{
printf("%c", str[i]);
}
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
}
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
char transform(char str[]);
int main()
{ //Declare an array and size variable
int size = 0;
printf("How many elements?");
scanf("%d", &size);
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
printf("Please type an element: ");
char str[2048]; //declare a wide buffer to be able to store lots of chars
scanf("%s", str);
transform(str);
}
return 0;
} //end your main here, by putting closing brace
char transform(char str[]) //define transform without semicolon, and outside of main
{ //This is the loop function that I programmed
//Loop that prints even characters
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (i % 2 == 0)
printf("%c", str[i]);
} //Space between even/odd characters
printf(" ");
//Loop that prints odd characters
for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (i % 2 != 0)
printf("%c", str[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

Program prints the backward version of the given set of words

First I should enter the number of words I am going to print backwards, then enter those words and program should print them line by line backwards, for example:
3
Something
written
backwards
program prints:
gnihtemoS
nettirw
sdrawkcab
This is a piece of code I wrote, I don't really know why it doesn't work. I'm totally newbie in programming, thanks for help.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
int i, j, n;
char str[100]="\0";
char buff[100];
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter String\n");
for(int i=0;i<=n; i++)
{
fgets(buff, sizeof buff, stdin);
strcat(str, buff);
}
printf("\nString in Reverse Order\n");
i = 0;
while(str[i] != '\0')
{
if(str[i] == ' ' || str[i] == '\n')
{
for(j = i - 1; j >= 0 && str[j] != ' '; j--)
printf("%c", str[j]);
}
i++;
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
For this input:
3
Enter String
string
written
backwards
this is output:
String in Reverse Order
gnirts
nettirw
gnirts
sdrawkcab
nettirw
gnirts
Ok I got there and now program is working perfectly. Thanks for tips!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
int i, j, n;
char str[100]="\0";
char buff[100];
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter String\n");
for(int i=0;i<=n; i++)
{
fgets(buff, sizeof buff, stdin);
strcat(str, buff);
}
printf("\nString in Reverse Order\n");
i = 0;
while(str[i] != '\0')
{
if(str[i] == ' ' || str[i] == '\n')
{
for(j = i - 1; j >= 0 && str[j] != ' ' && str[j] != '\n'; j--)
printf("%c", str[j]);
printf("\n");
}
i++;
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

Keep characters in an array

I want to do a program that ask to the user to give one character, then enter... until he wants to stop by pressing enter and no caracters.
Then, the program will say: "you gave the caracters ...."
for example:
give the caracter 1: k + enter
give the caracter 2: l + enter
give the caracter 3: just enter ('\n')
result: You gave the caracters: kl
My code doesnet work because when i just press enter, nothing happen. Here is the code:
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 1000
int main() {
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
char str[N];
while (str[i] != '\n') {
printf("element number str[%d] : ", i);
scanf("%s", &str[i]);
i++;
}
printf("The string is: ");
while (j < i) {
printf("%s", str[j]);
j += 1;
}
return 0;
}
You can do it with c = getchar(); or c = fgetc(stdin) function:
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 1000
int
main ()
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int c;
char str[N];
while (1)
{
c = fgetc(stdin); // or c = getchar();
if ( (c != EOF) && (c != 0x0A ) ) // 0x0A = 'nl' character
{
str[i] = (char) c;
printf ("element number str[%d]=%c \n", i, str[i++] );
}
else
{
str[i] = 0;
break;
}
}
printf ("The string is: %s", str);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
This is my string!
element number str[1]=T
element number str[2]=h
element number str[3]=i
element number str[4]=s
element number str[5]=
element number str[6]=i
element number str[7]=s
element number str[8]=
element number str[9]=m
element number str[10]=y
element number str[11]=
element number str[12]=s
element number str[13]=t
element number str[14]=r
element number str[15]=i
element number str[16]=n
element number str[17]=g
element number str[18]=!
The string is: This is my string!
Or you can use your original scanf("%s", &str1);
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 1000
int main ()
{
int i = 0;
int k = 0;
int c;
int len;
char str[N];
char str1[N];
scanf("%s", &str1);
len = strlen(str1);
for(k = 0; k < len; k++)
{
c = str1[k];
if ( (c != EOF) && c != '\n') // EOF will work for ^D on UNIX
{
str[i] = (char) c;
printf ("element number str[%d]=%c \n", i, str[i++] );
}
else
{
str[i] = 0;
break;
}
}
printf ("The string is: %s", str);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
12345
element number str[1]=1
element number str[2]=2
element number str[3]=3
element number str[4]=4
element number str[5]=5
The string is: 12345
As stated in this answer scanf will not return until you give it a string, i.e. it skips whitespace.
As suggested in the answer and in general, using fgets is the better option.
Edit: A way to accomplish what you want would look like this:
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 1000
int main() {
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
char str[N];
do {
printf("element number str[%d] : ", i);
fgets(&str[i], 3, stdin);
i++;
} while (str[i - 1] != '\n');
printf("The string is: ");
while (i > j) {
printf("%c", str[j]);
j++;
}
return 0;
}
In the fgets you use the number 3 because pressing enter gives both a newline character [/n] and a return carriage [/r].

Why is this reverse string program not working?

I am new to C programming so please do forgive my naivety. The following program when outputted fails to print the last character of the input string as the first character of the output string.
For example:
Enter no. of elements: 5
Enter string: hello
The reversed string is: lleh
Why is the o not printing?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Enter no. of elements: ");
int n;
scanf("%d", &n);
char string[10000];
printf("Enter string: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%c", &string[i]);
}
printf("The reversed string is: ");
for (int i = (n - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%c", string[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
There is a side effect you take care of:
After scanf("%d", &n);, there is a pending newline in the input stream buffer.
When you later input n characters, scanf("%c", &string[i]) first reads the pending newline, then the n-1 first characters you type and the remainder of your input stays in the input buffer.
scanf() is a very clunky function. It is difficult to use properly.
Here is a way to fix your problem:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char string[10000];
int i, n, c;
printf("Enter no. of elements: ");
if (scanf("%d", &n) != 1 || n < 0 || n > 10000)
return 1;
// read and discard pending input
while ((c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF)
continue;
printf("Enter string: ");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (scanf("%c", &string[i]) != 1)
break;
}
// the above loop could be replaced with a single call to fread:
// i = fread(string, 1, n, stdin);
printf("The reversed string is: ");
while (i-- > 0) {
printf("%c", string[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
Your scanf() should start with a space( more info about that ). Here is the code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Enter no. of elements: ");
int n;
scanf(" %d", &n);
char string[10000];
printf("Enter string: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf(" %c", &string[i]);
}
/* Just to be safer. */
string[n] = '\0';
printf("The reversed string is: ");
for (int i = (n-1); i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%c", string[i]);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
Adding the space to the format string enables scanf to consume the
newline character from the input that happens everytime you press
return. Without the space, string[i] will receive the
char '\n'
So, merely one space is put before format specifier %c at line 11.
scanf(" %c", &string[i]);

I can't read the second string, no matter how many getchar i insert

This program need to read two strings, this two strings will be passed to the "confirm" function, they will be read and the the function will have to find a word in common.
But in the main i cant read the "string2" string! No matter how many getchar i insert.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void confirm(char string1[],char string2[]){
char word[20];
char w_aux[20];
int i, j, k, l, m;
int len1, len2;
int find;
i = 0;
len1 = strlen(string1);
len2 = strlen(string2);
while (i < len1){
j = 0;
while ((string1[i] != ' ') && (i < len1)){
word[j] = string1[i];
i++;
j++;
}
word[j] = '\0';
k = 0;
find = 0;
while((k < len2) && (find == 0)){
l = 0;
while ((string2[k] != ' ') && (k < len2)){
w_aux[l] = string2[k];
k++;
l++;
}
w_aux[l] = '\0';
if (j == l){
m = 0;
while((word[m] == w_aux[m]) && (m<j)){
m++;
}
if (m == j){
find = 1;
}
}
k++;
}
i++;
}
printf("%s\n", word);
}
int main (){
char string1[20];
char string2[20];
printf("Type the first text: \n");
scanf("%[^\n]s", string1);
printf("Type the second text: \n");
scanf("%[^\n]s", string2);
getchar();
confirm(string1, string2);
return 0;
}
Use getchar after input of string 1 for \n:
printf("Type the first text: \n");
scanf("%[^\n]", string1);
getchar(); //here
printf("Type the second text: \n");
scanf("%[^\n]", string2);
Just change the format specifier to "%19[^\n]*c", it will take the trailing '\n' character away.

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