Insert OUTPUT Insert.id to another table in multiple values insert - sql-server

Just for simplicity suppose I have two tables
user table (id, email)
user log table (id, date)
whatever id gets inserted in user table, same id should be inserted in user_log table also else transaction should fail.
How can I do this
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT into user(id, email) OUTPUT Inserted.id (1, 'a#x.com', 'x'), (2, 'b#x.com', 'y')
// I also want to be able to do
INSERT into user_log(id, date) values(1, date), (2, date)
COMMIT TRANSACTION

You can insert the output directly into the user_log table:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO [User] (ID, Email)
OUTPUT inserted.id, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP INTO user_log(id, date)
VALUES (1, 'a#x.com'), (2, 'b#x.com');
COMMIT TRANSACTION
Example on SQL Fiddle
If you need to return the ids you can just add a second OUTPUT clause:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO [User] (ID, Email)
OUTPUT inserted.id, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP INTO user_log(id, date)
OUTPUT inserted.id
VALUES (1, 'a#x.com'), (2, 'b#x.com');
COMMIT TRANSACTION

Method 1 - "Double Insert" using OUTPUT
Pros: single statement, no hidden triggers (method 2).
Cons: only works in this statement i.e. doesn't capture all insert events
INSERT INTO dbo.users (id)
OUTPUT inserted.id
INTO user_log (id)
VALUES (9)
, (3)
, (7)
;
Method 2 - Trigger
Pros: Captures all insert events
Cons: Triggers are "hidden" mechanisms
CREATE TRIGGER user_log_after_insert
ON dbo.users
AFTER INSERT
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.user_log (id)
SELECT id
FROM inserted
;
END
;
Method 3 - Temp Table
Included for completeness for when using older versions of SQL Server that don't support method 1
CREATE TABLE #temp (
id int
);
INSERT INTO #temp (id) VALUES (9);
INSERT INTO #temp (id) VALUES (3);
INSERT INTO #temp (id) VALUES (7);
BEGIN TRAN
INSERT INTO dbo.users (id)
SELECT id
FROM #temp
;
INSERT INTO dbo.user_log (id)
SELECT id
FROM #temp
;
COMMIT TRAN

Related

How to prevent database trigger updating ##identity after Insert

I am adding a trigger to an existing database table, which is used by an application I did not code, and cannot change the code in.
I want to insert some information from TableA into TableB on INSERT into TableA.
Application runs INSERT INTO TableA <-- this updates ##identity
An ON INSERT trigger that runs on TableA then inserts data into TableB <-- this also updates the ##identity with a new value
Application reads ##identity <-- which is from TableB not from TableA as the application is expecting
Is there any way to not update the ##identity from within the trigger?
....since ##identity has no scope you could create your own scope which carries the ##identity value at the end of the trigger
create table tableA(idA int identity(100, 1), colA int)
go
create table tableB(idB int identity(1000, 1), colB int)
go
create trigger triggerA on tableA
for insert
as
begin
if not exists(select * from inserted)
begin
return;
end
declare #tableA##identity int = ##identity;
select ##identity as [##identity_triggerA_in];
--add rows to tableB
insert into tableB(colB)
select object_id
from sys.all_objects
select ##identity as [##identity_after_insert_in_tableB];
if #tableA##identity is not null
begin
declare #sql varchar(100) = concat('create table #t(id int identity(', #tableA##identity, ',1)); insert into #t default values');
exec (#sql);
end
select ##identity as [##identity_triggerA_out];
end
go
insert into tableA(colA) values (10);
select ##identity;
go
insert into tableA(colA)
select top (200) 1
from sys.all_objects;
select ##identity;
go
insert into tableA(colA)
select 1
where 1=2;
select ##identity;
go
drop table tableA;
go
drop table tableB;
go

T-SQL insert and update foreign key without cursor

I have two tables in MS SQL:
CREATE TABLE Table1 (ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, TEXTVal VARCHAR(100), Table2Id int)
insert into Table1 (TEXTVal) values('aaa');
insert into Table1 (TEXTVal) values('bbb'); insert into Table1 (TEXTVal) values('ccc');
CREATE TABLE Table2 (ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, TEXTVal VARCHAR(100), Table2Id int)
Id are identity columns. I want to copy TEXTVal values from Table1 to Table2:
INSERT INTO Table2 (TEXTVal)
SELECT TEXTVal FROM Table1
where TEXTVal <> 'ccc'
and after that update column Table2Id in Table1 with appropriate values of Id from Table2. I can do this with cursor and SCOPE_IDENTITY().
I am just wondering, is there a way to do it without cursor in T-SQL?
As Jeroen stated in comments, you'll want to use OUTPUT. In the following example if you don't have an AdventureWorks database, just use a test database. You should be able to copy/paste this and just run it to see it in action!
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
----Creating the table which will store permanent table
CREATE TABLE TestTable (ID INT, TEXTVal VARCHAR(100))
----Creating temp table to store ovalues of OUTPUT clause
DECLARE #TmpTable TABLE (ID_New INT, TEXTVal_New VARCHAR(100),ID_Old INT, TEXTVal_Old VARCHAR(100))
----Insert values in real table
INSERT TestTable (ID, TEXTVal)
VALUES (1,'FirstVal')
INSERT TestTable (ID, TEXTVal)
VALUES (2,'SecondVal')
----Update the table and insert values in temp table using Output clause
UPDATE TestTable
SET TEXTVal = 'NewValue'
OUTPUT Inserted.ID, Inserted.TEXTVal, Deleted.ID, Deleted.TEXTVal INTO #TmpTable
WHERE ID IN (1,2)
----Check the values in the temp table and real table
----The values in both the tables will be same
SELECT * FROM #TmpTable
SELECT * FROM TestTable
----Clean up time
DROP TABLE TestTable
GO
ResultSet:
TmpTable:
ID_New TextVal_New ID_Old TextVal_Old
——————— ——————— ——————— ———————
1 NewValue 1 FirstVal
2 NewValue 2 SecondVal
Original Table:
ID TextVal
——————— ———————
1 NewValue
2 NewValue
As you can see it is possible to capture new values, and the values you are updating. In this example I'm just stuffing them into a table variable but you could do whatever you'd like with them. :)

Update in Merge behaves different? It doesn't get the context_info() while Insert does

I created the following two test tables with a trigger to log all the action (Insert, Delete and Update).
Set up tables and trigger:
-- drop table test; drop table testLog
create table test (id int identity primary key, x int);
create table testLog (idx int identity primary key, Action varchar(10), id int not null,
x_deleted int, x_inserted int, uid uniqueidentifier);
go
-- Trigger to log the changes
create trigger trigger_test on test
after insert, delete, update
as
declare #id uniqueidentifier = context_info();
print #id;
insert testLog (id, Action, x_deleted, x_inserted, uid)
select isnull(d.id, i.id) ,
case when i.id is not null and d.id is not null then 'Updated'
when d.id is not null then 'Deleted'
when i.id is not null then 'Inserted'
end ,
d.x ,
i.x ,
#id
from Deleted d
full outer join inserted i on i.id = d.id;
set context_info 0;
go
Now insert some sample data
set context_info 0
insert test (x) values (10), (20), (30), (40), (50);
SELECT * FROM test;
SELECT * FROM testLog
go
The following statements work fine. The correct context_info() is saved in the log table.
begin tran
declare #newid uniqueidentifier = newid()
--
set context_info #newid
print #newid
insert test(x) values (1)
set context_info #newid
update test set x = 2 where id = 1
SELECT * FROM dbo.testLog;
rollback
go
However, only insert part of the Merge got the value in context_info()?
begin tran
declare #newid uniqueidentifier = newid()
--
set context_info #newid
print #newid;
with v as (select * from (values (1, 11), (2, 22), (6, 66)) v (id, x))
merge test as t using v on t.id = v.id
when matched then update set x = v.x
when not matched by target then insert (x) values (x);
SELECT * FROM dbo.testLog;
rollback
go
The uid of the last two updates got zeros.
Don't set context_info to zero in the trigger. Why would you do that in the first place - it is not the trigger's responsibility to "clean up". The merge statement will cause the trigger to execute for inserts separately from updates. Did you not notice the multiple "prints" in the results pane? That should have been a big clue.

Execution result of SQL Server procedure as script

I need to write procedure Textprocedure (Table_txt varchar(200)) that scans data from table My_table
For ex: I have table
My_table (Id int, Name varchar(200))
I need result of procedure execution like output text (script) like
DELETE FROM My_table
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (1, 'Tropico')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (2, 'Bus')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (4, 'Africa')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (8, 'Arrival')
Can I do it with procedure? I do
CREATE TABLE My_table (Id int, Name varchar(200))
DELETE FROM My_table
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (1, 'Tropico')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (2, 'Bus')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (4, 'Africa')
INSERT INTO My_table (Id, Name) values (8, 'Arrival')
ALTER PROCEDURE Textprocedure (#Table_txt varchar(200))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Id1 NVARCHAR(40)
DECLARE #Result NVARCHAR(4000)
SET #Result = ''
SELECT #Result = 'INSERT INTO '+ CAST(#Table_txt AS NVARCHAR(250)) + --#Result
+'() values ' + CAST([name] AS NVARCHAR(250)) + ' ' FROM My_table --where Id<5
PRINT (#Result)
END
GO
EXEC Textprocedure My_table
My output: INSERT INTO My_table() values Arrival
But I need result in many rows. Can I do cycle? And I need print table params like id, name? But how can I pick them?
Check this to generate insert statements:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/982576/590741
http://vyaskn.tripod.com/code/generate_inserts.txt
You can use dynamic sql with parameters then print or return the result.

Insert multiple rows WITHOUT repeating the "INSERT INTO ..." part of the statement?

I know I've done this before years ago, but I can't remember the syntax, and I can't find it anywhere due to pulling up tons of help docs and articles about "bulk imports".
Here's what I want to do, but the syntax is not exactly right... please, someone who has done this before, help me out :)
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
VALUES (123, 'Timmy'),
(124, 'Jonny'),
(125, 'Sally')
I know that this is close to the right syntax. I might need the word "BULK" in there, or something, I can't remember. Any idea?
I need this for a SQL Server 2005 database. I've tried this code, to no avail:
DECLARE #blah TABLE
(
ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
)
INSERT INTO #blah (ID, Name)
VALUES (123, 'Timmy')
VALUES (124, 'Jonny')
VALUES (125, 'Sally')
SELECT * FROM #blah
I'm getting Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'VALUES'.
Your syntax almost works in SQL Server 2008 (but not in SQL Server 20051):
CREATE TABLE MyTable (id int, name char(10));
INSERT INTO MyTable (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Bob'), (2, 'Peter'), (3, 'Joe');
SELECT * FROM MyTable;
id | name
---+---------
1 | Bob
2 | Peter
3 | Joe
1 When the question was answered, it was not made evident that the question was referring to SQL Server 2005. I am leaving this answer here, since I believe it is still relevant.
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
SELECT 123, 'Timmy'
UNION ALL
SELECT 124, 'Jonny'
UNION ALL
SELECT 125, 'Sally'
For SQL Server 2008, can do it in one VALUES clause exactly as per the statement in your question (you just need to add a comma to separate each values statement)...
If your data is already in your database you can do:
INSERT INTO MyTable(ID, Name)
SELECT ID, NAME FROM OtherTable
If you need to hard code the data then SQL 2008 and later versions let you do the following...
INSERT INTO MyTable (Name, ID)
VALUES ('First',1),
('Second',2),
('Third',3),
('Fourth',4),
('Fifth',5)
Using INSERT INTO ... VALUES syntax like in Daniel Vassallo's answer
there is one annoying limitation:
From MSDN
The maximum number of rows that can be constructed by inserting rows directly in the VALUES list is 1000
The easiest way to omit this limitation is to use derived table like:
INSERT INTO dbo.Mytable(ID, Name)
SELECT ID, Name
FROM (
VALUES (1, 'a'),
(2, 'b'),
--...
-- more than 1000 rows
)sub (ID, Name);
LiveDemo
This will work starting from SQL Server 2008+
This will achieve what you're asking about:
INSERT INTO table1 (ID, Name)
VALUES (123, 'Timmy'),
(124, 'Jonny'),
(125, 'Sally');
For future developers, you can also insert from another table:
INSERT INTO table1 (ID, Name)
SELECT
ID,
Name
FROM table2
Or even from multiple tables:
INSERT INTO table1 (column2, column3)
SELECT
t2.column,
t3.column
FROM table2 t2
INNER JOIN table3 t3
ON t2.ID = t3.ID
You could do this (ugly but it works):
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
select * from
(
select 123, 'Timmy'
union all
select 124, 'Jonny'
union all
select 125, 'Sally'
...
) x
You can use a union:
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
SELECT ID, Name FROM (
SELECT 123, 'Timmy'
UNION ALL
SELECT 124, 'Jonny'
UNION ALL
SELECT 125, 'Sally'
) AS X (ID, Name)
This looks OK for SQL Server 2008. For SS2005 & earlier, you need to repeat the VALUES statement.
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
VALUES (123, 'Timmy')
VALUES (124, 'Jonny')
VALUES (125, 'Sally')
EDIT:: My bad. You have to repeat the 'INSERT INTO' for each row in SS2005.
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
VALUES (123, 'Timmy')
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
VALUES (124, 'Jonny')
INSERT INTO dbo.MyTable (ID, Name)
VALUES (125, 'Sally')
It would be easier to use XML in SQL Server to insert multiple rows otherwise it becomes very tedious.
View full article with code explanations here http://www.cyberminds.co.uk/blog/articles/how-to-insert-multiple-rows-in-sql-server.aspx
Copy the following code into sql server to view a sample.
declare #test nvarchar(max)
set #test = '<topic><dialog id="1" answerId="41">
<comment>comment 1</comment>
</dialog>
<dialog id="2" answerId="42" >
<comment>comment 2</comment>
</dialog>
<dialog id="3" answerId="43" >
<comment>comment 3</comment>
</dialog>
</topic>'
declare #testxml xml
set #testxml = cast(#test as xml)
declare #answerTemp Table(dialogid int, answerid int, comment varchar(1000))
insert #answerTemp
SELECT ParamValues.ID.value('#id','int') ,
ParamValues.ID.value('#answerId','int') ,
ParamValues.ID.value('(comment)[1]','VARCHAR(1000)')
FROM #testxml.nodes('topic/dialog') as ParamValues(ID)
USE YourDB
GO
INSERT INTO MyTable (FirstCol, SecondCol)
SELECT 'First' ,1
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Second' ,2
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Third' ,3
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Fourth' ,4
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Fifth' ,5
GO
OR YOU CAN USE ANOTHER WAY
INSERT INTO MyTable (FirstCol, SecondCol)
VALUES
('First',1),
('Second',2),
('Third',3),
('Fourth',4),
('Fifth',5)
I've been using the following:
INSERT INTO [TableName] (ID, Name)
values (NEWID(), NEWID())
GO 10
It will add ten rows with unique GUIDs for ID and Name.
Note: do not end the last line (GO 10) with ';' because it will throw error: A fatal scripting error occurred. Incorrect syntax was encountered while parsing GO.
Corresponding to INSERT (Transact-SQL) (SQL Server 2005) you can't omit INSERT INTO dbo.Blah and have to specify it every time or use another syntax/approach,
In PostgreSQL, you can do it as follows;
A generic example for a 2 column table;
INSERT INTO <table_name_here>
(<column_1>, <column_2>)
VALUES
(<column_1_value>, <column_2_value>),
(<column_1_value>, <column_2_value>),
(<column_1_value>, <column_2_value>),
...
(<column_1_value>, <column_2_value>);
See the real world example here;
A - Create the table
CREATE TABLE Worker
(
id serial primary key,
code varchar(256) null,
message text null
);
B - Insert bulk values
INSERT INTO Worker
(code, message)
VALUES
('a1', 'this is the first message'),
('a2', 'this is the second message'),
('a3', 'this is the third message'),
('a4', 'this is the fourth message'),
('a5', 'this is the fifth message'),
('a6', 'this is the sixth message');
This is working very fast,and efficient in SQL.
Suppose you have Table Sample with 4 column a,b,c,d where a,b,d are int and c column is Varchar(50).
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Sample](
[a] [int] NULL,
[b] [int] NULL,
[c] [varchar](50) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
[D] [int] NULL
)
So you cant inset multiple records in this table using following query without repeating insert statement,
DECLARE #LIST VARCHAR(MAX)
SET #LIST='SELECT 1, 1, ''Charan Ghate'',11
SELECT 2,2, ''Mahesh More'',12
SELECT 3,3,''Mahesh Nikam'',13
SELECT 4,4, ''Jay Kadam'',14'
INSERT SAMPLE (a, b, c,d) EXEC(#LIST)
Also With C# using SqlBulkCopy bulkcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(con)
You can insert 10 rows at a time
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("a");
dt.Columns.Add("b");
dt.Columns.Add("c");
dt.Columns.Add("d");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
dr["a"] = 1;
dr["b"] = 2;
dr["c"] = "Charan";
dr["d"] = 4;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Connection String");
using (SqlBulkCopy bulkcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(con))
{
con.Open();
bulkcopy.DestinationTableName = "Sample";
bulkcopy.WriteToServer(dt);
con.Close();
}
Others here have suggested a couple multi-record syntaxes. Expounding upon that, I suggest you insert into a temp table first, and insert your main table from there.
The reason for this is loading the data from a query can take longer, and you may end up locking the table or pages longer than is necessary, which slows down other queries running against that table.
-- Make a temp table with the needed columns
select top 0 *
into #temp
from MyTable (nolock)
-- load data into it at your leisure (nobody else is waiting for this table or these pages)
insert #temp (ID, Name)
values (123, 'Timmy'),
(124, 'Jonny'),
(125, 'Sally')
-- Now that all the data is in SQL, copy it over to the real table. This runs much faster in most cases.
insert MyTable (ID, Name)
select ID, Name
from #temp
-- cleanup
drop table #temp
Also, your IDs should probably be identity(1,1) and you probably shouldn't be inserting them, in the vast majority of circumstances. Let SQL decide that stuff for you.
Oracle SQL Server Insert Multiple Rows
In a multitable insert, you insert computed rows derived from the rows returned from the evaluation of a subquery into one or more tables.
Unconditional INSERT ALL:- To add multiple rows to a table at once, you use the following form of the INSERT statement:
INSERT ALL
INTO table_name (column_list) VALUES (value_list_1)
INTO table_name (column_list) VALUES (value_list_2)
INTO table_name (column_list) VALUES (value_list_3)
...
INTO table_name (column_list) VALUES (value_list_n)
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL; -- SubQuery
Specify ALL followed by multiple insert_into_clauses to perform an unconditional multitable insert. Oracle Database executes each insert_into_clause once for each row returned by the subquery.
MySQL Server Insert Multiple Rows
INSERT INTO table_name (column_list)
VALUES
(value_list_1),
(value_list_2),
...
(value_list_n);
Single Row insert Query
INSERT INTO table_name (col1,col2) VALUES(val1,val2);
Created a table to insert multiple records at the same.
CREATE TABLE TEST
(
id numeric(10,0),
name varchar(40)
)
After that created a stored procedure to insert multiple records.
CREATE PROCEDURE AddMultiple
(
#category varchar(2500)
)
as
BEGIN
declare #categoryXML xml;
set #categoryXML = cast(#category as xml);
INSERT INTO TEST(id, name)
SELECT
x.v.value('#user','VARCHAR(50)'),
x.v.value('.','VARCHAR(50)')
FROM #categoryXML.nodes('/categories/category') x(v)
END
GO
Executed the procedure
EXEC AddMultiple #category = '<categories>
<category user="13284">1</category>
<category user="132">2</category>
</categories>';
Then checked by query the table.
select * from TEST;

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