C programming Hex to Char - c

What I'm trying to do is have the user input a hex number this number will then be converted to a char and displayed to the monitor this will continue until an EOF is encountered.I have the opposite of this code done which converts a char to a hex number. The problem I'm running into is how do i get a hex number from the user I used getchar() for the char2hex program. Is there any similar function for hex numbers?
this is the code for the char2hex program
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
char myChar;
int counter = 0;
while (EOF != (myChar = getchar())) {
/* don't convert newline into hex */
if (myChar == '\n')
continue;
printf("%02x ", myChar);
if (counter > 18) {
printf("\n");
counter = -1;
}
counter++;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
this is what i want to the program to do except it would do this continuously
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char myChar;
printf("Enter any hex number: ");
scanf("%x", &myChar);
printf("Equivalent Char is: %c\n", myChar);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
any help would be appreciated
thank you

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void) {
int myChar;
int counter = 0;
char buff[3] = {0};
while (EOF != (myChar = getchar())) {
if(isxdigit(myChar)){
buff[counter++] = myChar;
if(counter == 2){
counter = 0;
myChar = strtol(buff, NULL, 16);
putchar(myChar);
}
}
}
printf("\n");
system("pause");
return 0;
}

Because chars and ints can be used interchangably in C, you can use the following code:
int main(void) {
int myChar;
printf("Enter any hex number: ");
scanf("%x", &myChar);
printf("Equivalent Char is: %c\n", myChar);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
If you want it to loop then just enclose it in the while loop as in your example code.
Edit: You can try out the working code here http://ideone.com/yyvz85

Related

how to print an uppercase,lowercase and number in c

I'm in the middle of homework and I need some help here.
So this is the code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int i;
int upper=0,lower=0,number = 0;
char ch[500];
printf("Enter the String:\n");
gets(ch);
i=0;
while(ch[i]!=0)
{
if(ch[i]>='A' && ch[i]<='Z')
{
upper++;
}
else if(ch[i]>='a' && ch[i]<='z')
{
lower++;
}
else if(ch[i]>='0' && ch[i]<='9')
{
number++;
}
i++;
}
printf("lowercase letters: %d",lower);
printf("\nuppercase letters: %d",upper);
printf("\nnumber letters: %d",number);
getch();
return 0;
}
As you can see here. When you give a string input. The code will give a total number of uppercase,lowercase and number
for example: If I'm giving "Hello World 123" To the code. The result will be 2 Uppercases 8 Lowercases and 3 Numbers
The problem is the task want me to print all 3 types of letter seperately
for example: from "Hello World 123" Should print "HW" , "elloorld" and "123"
I know that I have to create another 3 arrays for seperate the letter. I tried to create like upperc[i],lowerc[i] and num[i] to input the letter in each of if command but It doesn't work.
So how can I do that?
Here's one way of going about it. It doesn't require 3 separate arrays like you thought because it prints the characters directly:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("Enter a string: ");
char str[1024] = {0};
fgets(str, sizeof str, stdin);
// Use different functions in each iteration
int (*ctype_fns[])(int) = {isupper, islower, isdigit};
for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof ctype_fns / sizeof *ctype_fns; ++i)
{
for (const char *it = str; *it; ++it)
{
// If char matches requirements, print it
if (ctype_fns[i]((unsigned char)*it))
putchar(*it);
}
putchar('\n');
}
}
Example of running:
Enter a string: Hello World 123
HW
elloorld
123
For your simple homework project you must assume some decent values. We assume the input is no longer than 128 characters and each of the three types is no more than 64. In real life projects we must check on these values.
Adapting your main, the following would work:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_IN 128
#define MAX_X 64
int main()
{
int i;
int upper=0,lower=0,number = 0;
char ch[MAX_IN], chUpper[MAX_X], chLower[MAX_X], chNumber[MAX_X];
printf("Enter the String:\n");
gets(ch);
i=0;
while(ch[i]!=0)
{
if(ch[i]>='A' && ch[i]<='Z')
{
chUpper[upper++]= ch[i];
}
else if(ch[i]>='a' && ch[i]<='z')
{
chLower[lower++]= ch[i];
}
else if(ch[i]>='0' && ch[i]<='9')
{
chNumber[number++]= i;
}
i++;
}
chLower[lower]= '\0';
chUpper[upper]= '\0';
chNumer[number]= '\0';
printf("lowercase letters: %d: %s\n",lower, chLower);
printf("uppercase letters: %d: %s\n",upper, chUpper);
printf("number letters: %d: %s\n",number, chNumber);
getch();
return 0;
}
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_IN 128
#define MAX_X 64
int main()
{
int i;
int upper=0,lower=0,number = 0;
char ch[MAX_IN], chUpper[MAX_X], chLower[MAX_X], chNumber[MAX_X];
printf("Enter the String:\n");
gets(ch);
printf("input given is : %s\n",ch);
for (i=0;ch[i]!='\0';i++)
{
if(ch[i]>='A' && ch[i]<='Z')
{
chUpper[upper++]= ch[i];
}
else if(ch[i]>='a' && ch[i]<='z')
{
chLower[lower++]= ch[i];
}
else if(ch[i]>='0' && ch[i]<='9')
{
chNumber[number++]= ch[i];
}
if ((ch[i+1]) == ' '){
i += 1;
}
}
printf("lowercase letters: %d: %s\n",lower, chLower);
printf("uppercase letters: %d: %s\n",upper, chUpper);
printf("number letters: %d: %s\n",number, chNumber);
return 0;
}

program to reverse string skipping some characters while printing

It prints the characters in reverse order just fine except when the string is 8 characters long.
Eg -
"what man" gives "am tahw" Why ?
whereas "what many" gives "ynam tahw" just as it should.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char a[100];
char x;
char*i = a;
printf("Enter a message:");
while ((x = getchar()) != '\n')
{
*i = x;
i++;
}
while (i >= &a[0])
{
printf("%c", *i--);
}
printf ("\n");
}
Modification in your code:
Change printf("%c", *i--); to printf("%c", *--i); in while loop.
You can improve the quality of your program as shown below:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
char *s;
int len,i;
clrscr();
printf("\nENTER A STRING: ");
gets(s);
len=strlen(s);
printf("\nTHE REVERSE OF THE STRING IS:");
for(i=len;i>=0;i--)
printf("%c",*(s+i));
getch();
}

I'm trying to make a string accept only letters and space BUT NO NUMBERS

This is what I theorized it should be but it seemed like it doesn't work.
HELP PLEAZEE
int main()
{
char input[50];
int i;
do{
printf("ENTER A CHARACTER:");
scanf("%s",&input);
if(isalpha(input)!=0){
printf("YOU INPUTTED A CHARACTER");
i++;
}else{
printf("INVALID INPUT\n");
}
}while(i!=1);
}
isalpha takes an integer as an argument.
You are giving a char array.
You should loop for the number of characters given in input[], if you want more than one character (hard to tell from this code).
This exits if you give exactly one character but keeps going if you give more than one:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
char input[50];
int i = 0, j;
size_t len = 0;
do
{
printf("ENTER A CHARACTER:");
scanf("%s",&input);
len = strlen(input);
for(j = 0; j < len; j++) {
if(isalpha(input[j]))
{
i++;
printf("YOU INPUTTED A CHARACTER %d\n", i);
}
else
{
printf("INVALID INPUT\n");
break;
}
}
} while(i!=1);
}

Palindromes in C

I am programming a palindrome code to check whether a given string is a palindrome or not. Eg: mom, 1001 ...
MY_CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio_ext.h>
int main()
{
int i,n;
char p[999];
char flag;
printf("number of characters in the strings");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter string: ");
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\n");
__fpurge(stdin);
scanf("%c",&p[i]);
}
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if (p[i]==p[n-1-i])
{
flag=0;
break;
}
else flag=1;
}
if (flag==1)
printf("It's not a palindrome");
if (flag==0)
printf("It's a palindrome.");
return 0;
}
I am trying to do that with the idea that if the last and first characters are matched and so on for the next characters. If they are all matched the string is a palindrome otherwise it is not,as simple as that but my output
shows 123;mom; and every nonsense, a palindrome ("even the word 'nonsense' :D).
Can someone guide me?
P.S.: I am a newbie and learning C. My OS: Ubuntu 15.10.
You are checking if characters are the same and is so, setting flag=0, to say it is a palindrome, but that will happen for the 1st match - if other matches do not occur, the flag is never set to not be a palindrome.
The better way is assume it is a palindrome and then if anything provides otherwise, set it as false.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
char p[999];
printf("Enter string: ");
if(fgets(p, sizeof(p), stdin))
{
int palindrome = 1;
int i;
int n;
n = strlen(p);
/* handle new line at end of fgets input */
if(p[n-1] == '\n')
p[n-1] = '\0';
n = strlen(p);
/* 0 length string (after newline removed) - not a palindrome */
if(n == 0) palindrome = 0;
for(i=0;i<n/2;i++)
{
/* look for a chatacter pair that doesn't match - if find, then we don't have a palindrome */
if(p[i] != p[n-1-i])
palindrome = 0;
}
if(palindrome)
printf("is a palindrome\n");
else
printf("is not a palindrome\n");
}
return 0;
}
From your code, I have a couple of things to say as follows.
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// #include <stdlib.h> // this is not necessary.
int main()
{
// int i,n;
// char p[999];
// char flag;
// ######################################################
// You literally don't need to input the number of characters since you can get the string's length from `strlen`.
// In addition, different inputs yield different lengths,
// therefore, it is not applicable if the input becomes extremely long, for example.
//
// printf("number of characters in the strings");
// scanf("%d",&n);
// printf("Enter string: ");
// for (i=0;i<n;i++)
// {
// printf("\n");
// __fpurge(stdin);
// scanf("%c",&p[i]);
// }
// ######################################################
char str[100];
printf( "Enter a value :");
gets( str );
int i=0;
int n;
n = strlen(str)-1;
while (i<n)
{
if (str[i++] != str[n--])
{
printf("%s is Not palidrome\n", str);
return 0;
}
}
printf("%s is palidrome\n", str);
// for (i=0;i<n;i++)
// {
// if (p[i]==p[n-1-i])
// {
// flag=0;
// break;
// }
// else flag=1;
// }
// if (flag==1)
// printf("It's not a palindrome");
// if (flag==0)
// printf("It's a palindrome.");
return 0;
}
With a slightly modification as above, that code works well.
Note: The palindrome problem is a classical problem, and you literally can find many solutions from the internet. You can refer the solution code in C at here.
Update: Here is my update with fgets and while-loop.
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
printf( "Enter a string (char/value) :");
fgets (str, 100, stdin);
int i=0;
int n;
n = strlen(str)-1;
while (i<n)
{
if (str[i++] != str[n--])
{
printf("%s is Not palidrome\n", str);
return 0;
}
}
printf("%s is palidrome\n", str);
return 0;
}

Palindrome program in C

My program in C which is Palindrome has an error in its function. My function is not comparing the 2 characters in my string. When I type a single character it answers palindrome but if it is two or more always not palindrome.
Code:
int IntStrlength=strlen(StrWord);
int IntCtr2=0;
int IntCtr=1, IntAnswer;
while(IntCtr<=(IntStrlength/2)){
printf(" %d %d\n", IntCtr2,IntStrlength);
if(StrWord[IntStrlength] != StrWord[IntCtr2]){
IntAnswer=0;
printf(" %d=Not Palindrome", IntAnswer);
exit (0);
}//if(StrWord[IntCtr2]!=StrWord[IntStrlength]) <---------
else{
IntCtr2++;
IntStrlength--;
}// else <--------
IntCtr++;
}//while(IntCtr<IntStrlength/2) <-----------
IntAnswer=1;
printf(" %d=Palindrome", IntAnswer);
return ;
}
Single character:
Two or more characters:
Why not write it like this
int wordLength = strlen(StrWord);
for (int i=0;i<(wordLength/2);i++) {
if (StrWord[i] != StrWord[wordLength-i-1]) {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
For words with an even length (say 8) the counter will go from 0 to 3, accessing all letters. For uneven words (say 7) the c ounter will go from 0 to 2, leaving the middle element unchecked. This is not necessary since its a palindrome and it always matches itself
#include<stdio.h>
int check_palindrom(char *);
int main()
{
char s1[20];
printf("Enter the string...\n");
gets(s1);
int x;
x=check_palindrom(s1);
x?printf("Palindrom\n"):printf("Not Palindrom\n");
}
int check_palindrom(char *s)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;s[i];i++);
for(i=i-1,j=0;i>j;i--,j++)
if(s[i]!=s[j])
return 0;
if(s[i]==s[j])
return 1;
}
Enter the string...
radar
Palindrom
I've seen this algorithm before in a interview book called "Cracking the Coding Interview".
In it the author shows a very simple and easy implementation of the code. The code is below: Also here is a video explaining the code.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h> // strlen()
void isPalindrome(char str[]);
int main(){
isPalindrome("MOM");
isPalindrome("M");
return 0;
}
void isPalindrome(char str[]){
int lm = 0;//left most index
int rm = strlen(str) - 1;//right most index
while(rm > lm){
if(str[lm++] != str[rm--]){
printf("No, %s is NOT a palindrome \n", str);
return;
}
}
printf("Yes, %s is a palindrome because the word reversed is the same \n", str);
}
You can do this like this:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int check_palindrome(char string []);
int main()
{
char string[20];
printf("Enter the string...\n");
scanf ("%s", &string);
int check;
check = check_palindrome (string);
if (check == 0)
printf ("Not Palindrome\n");
else
printf ("Palindrome\n");
return 0;
}
int check_palindrome (char string [])
{
char duplicate [];
strcpy (string, duplicate);
strrev (string);
if (strcmp (string, duplicate) == 0)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
This uses the strcmp and strrev function.
Take a look at this code, that's how I have implemented it (remember to #include <stdbool.h> or it will not work):
for(i = 0; i < string_length; i++)
{
if(sentence[i] == sentence[string_lenght-1-i])
palindrome = true;
else
{
palindrome = false;
break;
}
}
Doing that it will check if your sentence is palindrome and, at the first occurence this is not true it will break the for loop. You can use something like
if(palindrome)
printf(..);
else
printf(..);
for a simple prompt for the user.
Example :
radar is palindrome
abba is palindrome
abcabc is not palindrome
Please , pay attention to the fact that
Abba
is not recognized as a palindrome due to the fact that ' A ' and 'a' have different ASCII codes :
'A' has the value of 65
'a' has the value of 97
according to the ASCII table. You can find out more here.
You can avoid this issue trasforming all the characters of the string to lower case characters.
You can do this including the <ctype.h> library and calling the function int tolower(int c); like that :
for ( ; *p; ++p) *p = tolower(*p);
or
for(int i = 0; str[i]; i++){
str[i] = tolower(str[i]);
}
Code by Earlz, take a look at this Q&A to look deeper into that.
EDIT : I made a simple program to do this, see if it can help you
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
void LowerCharacters(char *word, int word_lenth);
int main(void){
char *word = (char *) malloc(10);
bool palindrome = false;
if(word == 0)
{
printf("\nERROR : Out of memory.\n\n");
return 1;
}
printf("\nEnter a word to check if it is palindrome or not : ");
scanf("%s", word);
int word_length = strlen(word);
LowerCharacters(word,word_length);
for(int i = 0; i < word_length; i++)
{
if(word[i] == word[word_length-1-i])
palindrome = true;
else
{
palindrome = false;
break;
}
}
palindrome ? printf("\nThe word %s is palindrome.\n\n", word) : printf("\nThe word %s is not palindrome.\n\n", word);
free(word);
return 0;
}
void LowerCharacters(char *word, int word_length){
for(int i = 0; i < word_length; i++)
word[i] = tolower(word[i]);
}
Input :
Enter a word to check if it is palindrome or not : RadaR
Output :
The word radar is palindrome.
This code may help you to understand the concept:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
int i,j,flag=1;
printf("Enter the string");
gets(str);
for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++);
for(i=i-1,j=0;j<i;j++,i--)
{
str[i]=str[i]+str[j];
str[j]=str[i]-str[j];
str[i]=str[i]-str[j];
}
for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++);
for(i=i-1,j=0;j<i;j++,i--)
{
if(str[i]==str[j]){
flag=0;
break;
}
}if(flag==0)
{
printf("Palindrome");
}else
{
printf("Not Palindrome");
}
}
I have solution for this
char a[]="abbba";
int i,j,b=strlen(a),flag=0;
for(i=0,j=0; i<b; i++,j++)
{
if(a[i]!=a[b-j-1])
{
flag=1;
break;
}
}
if(flag)
{
printf("the string is not palindrum");
}
else
{
printf("the string is palindrum");
}
This may works for you
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void) {
setbuf(stdout,NULL);
int i,limit;
char string1[10];
int flag=0;
printf("enter a string");
scanf("%s",string1);
limit=strlen(string1);
for(i=0;i<limit;i++){
if(string1[i]!=string1[limit-i-1]){
flag=1;
break;
}
} if(flag==1){
printf("entered string is not palindrome");
}else{
printf("entered string is palindrome");
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

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