I use Linux and compile the C programs using inbuilt gcc compiler. While creating a program that is for the Windows platform I had to use certain predefined functions listed in <windows.h>. Similarly there are other functions whose libraries are not predefined in GCC compiler.
So how to add those customized libraries to the C compiler in Linux?
I guess you mean static libraries when you say libraries. You can include the library file path in your gcc command so that gcc can link your library or you can create a makefile and use 'make'. if you don't know how to use 'make' I recomend you to learn it.
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I recently made a small library in C, and I wanted to put it together with the standard libraries so I don't have to always copy the files for each new project.
Where do I have to put it so I can import it like the standard libraries?
Compiler : MinGW
OS: Windows
You need to create a library, but you don't necessarily need to put it in the same place as MinGW's standard libraries (in fact I think that's a bad idea).
It is better to put your own library/libraries in specific place and then use the -I compiler flag to tell the compiler where to find the header files (.h, .hpp, .hh) and the -L linker flag to tell the linker where to find the library archives (.a, .dll.a). If you have .dll files you should make sure they are in your PATH environment variable when you run your .exe or make sure the .dll files are copied in the same folder as your .exe.
If you use an IDE (e.g. Code::Blocks or Visual Studio Code) you can set these flags in the global IDE compiler/linker settings so you won't have to add the flags for each new project.
Then when building a project that uses your library you will need to add the -l flag with the library name to your linker flags, but without the lib prefix and without the extension (e.g. to use libmystuff.a/libmystuff.dll.a specify linker flag -lmystuff). The use of the -static flag will tell the linker to use the static library instead of the shared library if both are available.
I have created a minimal example library at https://github.com/brechtsanders/ci-test to illustrate on how to create a library that can be build both as static and shared (DLL) library on Windows, but the same code also compiles on
macOS and Linux.
If you don't use build tools like Make or CMake and want do the steps manually they would look like this for a static library:
gcc -c -o mystuff.o mystuff.c
ar cr libmystuff.a mystuff.c
To distribute the library in binary form you should distribute your header files (.h) and the library archive files (.a).
I am new to cmake so, sorry if this question is very basic.
I want to build my project as statically linked with each standard library it uses.
Like, in gcc if we want to link the standard system libraries(libc, libgcc etc) as static, we specify '-static' option at the time of compilation.(Like gcc main.c -static -o main).
How we can achieve the same in cmake?
I have read multiple threads to define a how to define a library, how to build, link(as static & shared). But that is all for a custom library, I need information for standard system libraries.
[Edit]
In my project, I am using yocto at the top and the cmake is been used underneath it. running directly cmake works fine, as the generated executable has no dependencies on any shared library, all the used libraries are linked statically. But compiling from yocto causing the issue. the executable generated from the yocto build shows the dependencies on several standard shared libraries.
How we can specify static linking of standard libraries in yocto cmake?
Thanks in advance.
I want to my make own library and have it use the same syntax as the standard C libraries as in
#include<mylib.h>
So that it looks like #include and some of the libraries that are included with C.
Can I make the library static as opposed to linking so that I can compile it in GCC without additional arguments, as if I were using another library like stdio.h or string.h?
This seems simple enough.
Develop the library (create as many source files as you need).
Build the source files into a shared library (.so) using a tool like CMAKE (which i strongly recommend).
Copy that library to your library path (i.e. /usr/lib)
Later on, all you have to do is import your lib: (i) in the source using #include<mylib.h>; (ii) when building (also using CMAKE) or using the flag (-lmylib) in the GCC compiler: gcc -lmylib myfiles.c -o myoutput.
In addition to #include "mylib.h", you need to add -lmylib command line to the compiler (more specifically linker) when using the library. I assume that the your library archive created through ar command is named as libmylib.a.
Usually, we do not write 'manually' build instructions, but we rely on tool that generates build chains. There are quite a lot of them, the most know are probably autotools and cmake (under Linux).
I would suggest you to have a look to cmake examples and/or documentation to get your code built.
There are quite a lot of differences between static and dynamic libs, and you will also need to package somehow your lib if you really want to use it like 'standard' lib (like libxml2, openssl, etc.)
A lot to say about it, but you should first have a look to 'how to build' your lib, and then see how to make it easy to use, IMHO.
In my case I have a library built with code sourcery gcc targeting arm cortex-m4. I am trying to then link that library into a project being compiled with IAR compiler.
Is it possible to do this or does the library have to be rebuilt with the new tools? What factors affect this?
Static library is bundle of several object files which are always compiler specific. So if you try to link a gcc based lib with IAR compiler, you will get error at compile time due to mismatch between object file formats to be linked.
You need to rebuild your library using IAR.
The IAR compiler for ARM supports the AEABI format, which allows you to compile files with one compiler and link with another.
If you have built your library using GCC and have enabled AEABE, it should be possible to use the static library in a project build using the IAR tools.
I'm starting out with Linux programming, and I don't want to learn the gcc.
What buildtools can I use to compile large nested source directories with ease with clang? And cross platform? Cmake looks nice, but there is no mention of how to specify a different compiler.
edit: I'd like to use it with vim.
To use clang with cmake, you simply set the CC variable:
CC=clang cmake ...
There's also CXX for the C++ compiler, ie CXX=clang++.
CC/CXX are standard variables and should work with any build system.