I have one database with collection of 30 tables.
I want to see that the relation between each table into that database.
i don't know how to get all database table relation.
You can get constrain information from INFORMATION_SCHEMA tables. The following script will give you a list of Primary and Foreign keys and tables.
WITH PrimaryTable
AS (
SELECT i1.TABLE_NAME
,i2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i1
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE i2
ON i1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = i2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i1.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
)
SELECT PK.TABLE_NAME AS PK_Table
,PT.COLUMN_NAME AS PK_Column
,FK.TABLE_NAME AS FK_Table
,CU.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_Column
,C.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS Constraint_Name
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS C
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS FK
ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS PK
ON C.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU
ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN PrimaryTable AS PT
ON PT.TABLE_NAME = PK.TABLE_NAME
Related
I am having a problem to list all the foreign keys in a database and show the related tables & the fields from each one.
I have tried this query:
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
,OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id)
,OBJECT_NAME(object_id)
,*
FROM sys.foreign_keys
But this returns just the parent table and field. I need more information. Can anybody help me here?
You can try the below query from the reference also the reference.
-- using sys tables to enumerate foreign keys
-- returns 45 constraint rows
SELECT
f.name constraint_name
,OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) referencing_table_name
,COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id, fc.parent_column_id) referencing_column_name
,OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) referenced_table_name
,COL_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id, fc.referenced_column_id) referenced_column_name
,delete_referential_action_desc
,update_referential_action_desc
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON f.object_id = fc.constraint_object_id
ORDER BY f.name
-- using INFORMATION_SCHEMA to enumerate foreign keys
-- returns 45 constraint rows
SELECT
C.CONSTRAINT_NAME [constraint_name]
,C.TABLE_NAME [referencing_table_name]
,KCU.COLUMN_NAME [referencing_column_name]
,C2.TABLE_NAME [referenced_table_name]
,KCU2.COLUMN_NAME [referenced_column_name]
,RC.DELETE_RULE delete_referential_action_desc
,RC.UPDATE_RULE update_referential_action_desc
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU
ON C.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = KCU.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS RC
ON C.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C2
ON RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = C2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = C2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU2
ON C2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND C2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND KCU.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION
WHERE C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
ORDER BY C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
To answer your (underlying) question, you can find everything you need in the following system tables:
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
Good luck!
I need to get a list of all foreign keys, which schema/table they belong to, which schema/table they reference, and the name of the column that is referenced. This is what I have so far but the column being returned is not correct. Any ideas?
select distinct
ParentSchema.name as PARENT_SCHEMA_NAME,
ParentTable.name as PARENT_TABLE_NAME,
TheSchema.name as TABLE_SCHEMA,
TheTable.name as TABLE_NAME,
fks.name as KEY_NAME ,
COL_NAME(ParentTable.OBJECT_ID,fkcs.constraint_column_id) as CHILD_COLUMN_NAME
from
sys.foreign_keys fks
inner join
Sys.foreign_key_columns fkcs
on
fks.parent_object_id = fkcs.parent_object_id
inner join
sys.tables TheTable
on
fks.parent_object_id = TheTable.object_id
inner join
sys.tables ParentTable
on
fks.referenced_object_id = ParentTable.object_id
inner join
sys.schemas TheSchema
on
TheTable.schema_id = TheSchema.schema_id
inner join
sys.schemas ParentSchema
on
ParentTable.schema_id = ParentSchema.schema_id
order by
fks.name
I use the following script for getting the information I need related to foreign keys, could be useful for you too:
SELECT KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME
, KCU1.TABLE_NAME AS FK_TABLE_NAME
, KCU1.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_COLUMN_NAME
, KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME
, KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
, KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS RC
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU1 ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU2 ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION
WHERE KCU1.TABLE_NAME = 'PurchaseOrders'
For the table PurchaseOrders, in the WideWorldImporters database it shows the following information:
You can check out all the columns included in the information_schema.referential_constraints and
information_schema.key_column_usage and then change the query to fit your needs.
Let say I have table tblDept, and it has primary key deptid and this is reference by other table also. Means I know one table tblEmp where deptid is referenced from tblDept’s primary key deptid. Now
I want to know how many table uses deptid as referect key(foreign key).
Please suggest only MS sql server.
The below query will solve your purpose.
SELECT
K_Table = FK.TABLE_NAME,
FK_Column = CU.COLUMN_NAME,
PK_Table = PK.TABLE_NAME,
PK_Column = PT.COLUMN_NAME,
Constraint_Name = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS C
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS FK ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS PK ON C.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN (
SELECT i1.TABLE_NAME, i2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i1
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE i2 ON i1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = i2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i1.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
) PT ON PT.TABLE_NAME = PK.TABLE_NAME
--optional where condition
where CU.COLUMN_NAME = 'KeyId'
I have written a query to find out column names of tables in the database.
SELECT
t.NAME AS TABLEName,
SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + '.' + c.name AS ColumnName
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN sys.columns c
ON c.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(c.object_id) LIKE '%Message%'
ORDER BY t.NAME
So far I've got the expected result, but whatever column I am looking I want to find out the dependency of column related tables. By executing the above query I am getting table names and column names.
How can I get the column related dependent tables?
Try this:
SELECT KCU1.TABLE_CATALOG,
KCU1.TABLE_SCHEMA,
KCU1.TABLE_NAME,
KCU1.COLUMN_NAME,
KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU1
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS RC
ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU2
ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION
WHERE KCU1.TABLE_NAME LIKE '%Message%'
ORDER BY
KCU1.TABLE_NAME,
KCU1.COLUMN_NAME
This might help. You will however need to tweak it a bit to suit your specific need:
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(referenced_major_id) AS ReferingObject,
(SELECT o.type_Desc FROM sys.objects o
WHERE o.object_id = d.referenced_major_id) AS ReferingObjType,
CASE WHEN referenced_minor_id <> 0 THEN COL_NAME(referenced_major_id, referenced_minor_id)
ELSE '' END AS RefColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(object_ID) AS ReferencedObject,
(SELECT o.type_Desc FROM sys.objects o
WHERE o.object_id = d.object_id) AS ReferedObjType
fROM sys.sql_dependencies d
If you're looking for all tables/columns that reference a column in the table whose name contains token Message, you can use this:
;WITH PT AS (
SELECT
tc1.TABLE_NAME,
tc2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS tc1
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE tc2
ON tc1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE tc1.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY')
SELECT
FK_Table = FK.TABLE_NAME,
FK_Column = CU.COLUMN_NAME,
PK_Table = PK.TABLE_NAME,
PK_Column = PT.COLUMN_NAME,
Constraint_Name = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS C
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS FK
ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS PK
ON C.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU
ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN PT
ON PT.TABLE_NAME = PK.TABLE_NAME
WHERE PK.TABLE_NAME LIKE '%Message%'
ORDER BY
FK.TABLE_NAME,
CU.COLUMN_NAME,
PK.TABLE_NAME,
PT.COLUMN_NAME
If I have a pair of SQL tables, one of these tables has a pk on one column and a unique index on another (maybe a guid and id or some other unique key).
The other table has an fk to the unique index, not the pk. Is there a way I can query information schema to find the column targeted by the fk?
If I get you right, you want to use metadatabase:
SELECT
K_Table = FK.TABLE_NAME,
FK_Column = CU.COLUMN_NAME,
PK_Table = PK.TABLE_NAME,
PK_Column = PT.COLUMN_NAME,
Constraint_Name = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS C
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS FK ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS PK ON C.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN (
SELECT i1.TABLE_NAME, i2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i1
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE i2 ON i1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = i2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i1.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
) PT ON PT.TABLE_NAME = PK.TABLE_NAME
Source: http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2006/11/01/sql-server-query-to-display-foreign-key-relationships-and-name-of-the-constraint-for-each-table-in-database/
Try this one -
SELECT
column_name = c.name
, table_name = OBJECT_NAME(k.parent_object_id)
, referenced_column_name = rc.name
, referenced_table_name = OBJECT_NAME(k.referenced_object_id)
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns k
JOIN sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = k.parent_object_id AND c.column_id = k.parent_column_id
JOIN sys.columns rc ON rc.[object_id] = k.referenced_object_id AND rc.column_id = k.referenced_column_id
select object_name(fk.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID) object_name,
i.name index_name,
ic.index_column_id sequence,
c.name column_name
from sys.foreign_keys fk
join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = fk.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
and i.index_id = fk.KEY_INDEX_ID
join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = fk.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
and ic.index_id = fk.KEY_INDEX_ID
join sys.columns c on c.object_id = fk.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
and c.column_id = ic.column_id
where fk.name = 'fk_tbl2_to_tbl1';
e.g.
Setup:
create table tbl1 (
a int constraint pk_tbl1 primary key,
b int constraint uq_tbl1 unique,
c int);
create table tbl2 (
b int constraint fk_tbl2_to_tbl1 references tbl1(b),
d int);
Results:
| OBJECT_NAME | INDEX_NAME | SEQUENCE | COLUMN_NAME |
-----------------------------------------------------
| tbl1 | uq_tbl1 | 1 | b |
SQL Fiddle Demo
--FIND COLUMNS THAT ARE PRIMARY KEY AS WELL AS FOREIGN KEY - SQL SERVER 2008
SELECT
CU.TABLE_NAME, CU.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU
WHERE CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME IN (SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY') AND
COLUMN_NAME IN (SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_NAME = CU.TABLE_NAME AND
COLUMN_NAME = CU.COLUMN_NAME AND
CONSTRAINT_NAME IN (SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'))
Source: here