im new to cake (and loving it) but i have hit a problem that i cant seem to find a solution to. Im pretty sure there is an obvious answer to this so my apols in advance if i am asking a stupid question.
Okay, here goes.
I am trying to build a simple message system using Cake PHP version 2.
I have two models at the moment, one handles users (used for loggin in and out) and the other handles messages.
In the messages table i have the following columns:
id | sender_id | recipient_id | subject | body
My MessagesController.php reads as follows:
class MessagesController extends AppController {
public function recent_messages() {
if (empty($this->request->params['requested'])) {
throw new ForbiddenException();
}
return $this->Message->find(
'all'
);
}
}
My View is located in my elements as it actually displayed as a drop down in my navbar. Here is my view:
<?php
$messages = $this->requestAction('/messages/recent_messages');
?>
<?php
foreach ($messages as $message): ?>
<li>
<a href="#">
<div> <strong>Username of sender goes Here</strong></div>
<div><?php echo $message['Message']['subject']; ?></div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<?php endforeach; ?>
What i would like to do is to be able to get the actual username of the message sender using the sender_id. Just to clarify the sender_id value is actually the id (primary key) of the user in the users table.
Initially i thought this would be done through setting an association but i cant see how.
If anyone could offer any advice on this i would be most grateful.
I don't understand why you are using $this->requestAction
if your view is recent_messages.ctp you are already calling recentMessages().
Then if you set your relationships you are already retrieving all the data you need
$message['Sender']['username']
contains the information you are looking for. (or $message['User']['username'] it depends on how you wrote your model).
If not read the Manual about setting the relationships.
In brief all you have to do in your Message model is
$belongsTo = array(
'Sender' => array(
'className' => 'User',
'foreignKey' => 'sender_id'
)
)
One further thought.
It seems that you are doing the requestAction from the view. I think it can only be done from the controller and then you pass the result to the view via the $this->set('messages', $message) command.
If I've misinterpreted what you are doing then I'm sorry.
Related
I'm having some difficulty getting results from a hasMany relationship in my view file. I'm not getting any errors from the debug console so I'm not sure where I'm tripping up.
I think that maybe I'm not referencing correctly in the view file (I'm not really sure how to write a foreach function for this), if I'm not setting it up correctly in the table file, etc.
2 tables: "Clinicas", "Tratamientos" (services)
Goal: On a Clinic's profile page, I need to show the information for that Clinic (location, phone number, etc.) & list all of the services associated with that clinic.
ClinicasTable.php
public function initialize(array $config): void
{
parent::initialize($config);
$this->setTable('clinicas');
$this->setDisplayField('name');
$this->setPrimaryKey('clinic_id');
$this->addBehavior('Timestamp');
$this->hasMany('Tratamientos', [
'foreignKey' => 'clinic_id',
'joinType' => 'INNER'
]);
}
ClinicasController.php
public function view($id = null)
{
$clinica = $this->Clinicas->get($id, [
'contain' => ['Tratamientos']
]);
$this->set(compact('clinica'));
}
view.php
<?php foreach($clinica as $tratamiento): ?>
<?= h($clinica->tratamiento->name)?>
<?php endforeach;?>
I've had a look at the documentation for associations but can't figure out how to get to data from my tables. I could always just do an ajax query through php functions, but I'd really like to do it right using CakePHP. Any help would be much appreciated!!!
Even though iterating is pretty much just basic PHP, the example in the book could be a little more helpful and show iterating over and using the associated data, even though it should already give you a good idea where you data lives.
You are obtaining a single entity (an instance of Clinica), so you cannot and should not iterate over it. What your code will do is iterate over all public properties of the entity object, which is not what you want, and won't do anything in your case, as by default entities do not have any concrete public properties.
The data of the association will be found on the association property of the Clinica entity, which, unless specifically configured otherwise via the association's property option, is the plural, underscored, lowercased variant of the association name, so for Tratamientos that would be tratamientos.
It should be noted that you really should stick to US english here for namings, as all the inflector magic around naming conventions is designed to work with that, names in other languages can easily cause mismatches/problems when they cannot be inflected properly!
Long story short, you iterate the $clinica object's tratamientos property, that's where the hasMany associated data lives:
<?php foreach($clinica->tratamientos as $tratamiento): ?>
<?= h($tratamiento->name)?>
<?php endforeach;?>
If you are unsure about a data structure, debug it: debug($clinica)
created a view function and any time i click the link to view a template, the url at the top of the page is correct but it spits out the same list of fields in the database.
the fields are
accounts - id, company name, abn
template - id, name, description, account_id
field - id, name, field type, template_id
function view(){
$accounts=$this->User->AccountsUser->find('list',
array('fields'=>array('id', 'account_id'),
'conditions' =>array('user_id' =>
$this->Auth->user('id'))));
$templates=$this->Template->find('first',
array('conditions' => array(
'Template.account_id' => $accounts)));
$fields=$this->Field->find('all',
array('conditions' => array(
'Field.template_id' => Set::extract('/Template/id', $templates))));
$this->set('template', $templates);
$this->set('account', $accounts);
$this->set('field', $fields);
}
here is the view
<div class = "conlinks">
</br></br></br></br></br><h2>Here is your template fields</h2></br>
<?php foreach($field as $fields): ?>
<tr>
<td align='center'><?php echo $fields['Field']['name']; ?>
</tr></br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</div>
so the problem is its grabbing the exact same list of fields, not the correct template_id when it prints out the fields
You should be able to debug this for yourself. Just narrow the bug down step by step.
For starters, in your view function, do a print_r on the following variables, and make sure each one contains a logical result:
$accounts
$templates
$fields
If you find unexpected results there, I'd be looking at the parameters you pass into each of your finds, and making sure they're OK. You're passing in $accounts as an array to your find condition - make sure it matches the format that cake expects. Do the same for Set::extract('/Template/id', $templates).
Also look at the SQL that Cake is producing.
If you're not already using it, I'd highly recommend installing Cake's Debug Kit Toolbar - https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/ because it makes debugging variables and SQL much easier.
If you do the above steps and can't solve your problem, you should at least be able to narrow it down to a line or two of code. Update your answer to show what line or two is causing the problem, and include print_r's of some of the variables you're working with. That should help others on StackOverflow to give you a specific answer.
Hope that helps!
the issue was I wasn't getting the parameters when click the link
function view($name){
$fields = $this->Template->Field->find('list',array(
'fields'=> array('name'),
'conditions' => array(
'template_id'=> $name)));
$this->set('field', $fields);
}
and the view
<div class = "conlinks">
</br><h2>Here is your template fields</h2>
<?php foreach($field as $name): ?>
<tr>
<td align='center'>
<?php echo $name; ?>
</tr></br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</br>
<?php
echo $this->Html->link('Back', '/templates/view', array('class' => 'button'));?>
</div>
I'm trying to implement a hasone relationship between 2 models, but I can't have the 'add' form autocomplete with the possible options in the second model (the one that belongsTo the first one). This is my code:
- model 1: item.php
<?php
class Item extends AppModel{
var $name = 'Item';
var $primaryKey = 'id';
var $hasOne = 'CoverImage';
}
?>
- model 2: cover_image.php
<?php
class CoverImage extends AppModel{
var $name = 'CoverImage';
var $primaryKey = 'id';
var $belongsTo = array(
'Item' => array(
'className' => 'Item',
'foreignKey' => 'item_id'
));
}
?>
- add view of model 2: add.ctp
<?php echo $this->Form->create('CoverImage',array('url' => array('controller' => 'admins', 'action' => 'add')));?>
<fieldset>
<legend><?php __('Info'); ?></legend>
<?php
echo $this->Form->input('item_id');
echo $this->Form->input('description');
?>
</fieldset>
<?php echo $this->Form->end(__('Create', true));?>
For what I see in Cake's documentation, with this relationship, in the add view I should see a dropdown list in the item_id field to be able to select to which item does this CoverImage belongs to, but the dropdown is empty (and yes, I have some items in the items table already).
Maybe I'm missing something or I've done something wrong, but I can't figure it out. Thanks so much in advance for any clues!
EDIT
One think I've just realized is that if I do this:
echo $this->Form->input('item_id', array('type'=>'text'));
instead of this:
echo $this->Form->input('item_id');
I can add/edit the *item_id* field, I can see its value in the text box. However, if I leave the other one, I just see an empty dropbox and when I try to add/edit a CoverImage, it doesn't work, it just shows an empty white page, not even with errors...
Maybe this is a lead to something...
In order for that to work you have to create a list of possible options in the controller. That does not happen automatically.
public function add() {
$items = $this->CoverImage->Item->find('list');
$this->set(compact('items'));
}
The FormHelper only automatically infers that the field item_id should be populated by the options in the variable $items (plural, no _id).
Do be careful that Items that already haveOne CoverImage should not be part of that list. find('list', array('conditions' => array('CoverItem.id' => null))) will probably* take care of that, but you'll need to recheck just before saving as well, or you need to rethink your associations.
* Not sure off the top of my head whether that'll work for 'list' searches.
EXCELLENT QUESTION. You've run afoul of a disingenuous feature of Cake's associations:
Considering you defined the relationship as hasOne? Guessing at the trace but Cake probably even correctly inferred your preference for list functionality. You got your automagic list...
...of One.
$hasOne is pretty exclusive like that. It "uses up" those "has" relationships (it's makes the relationship a de facto Singleton - so Users only have 1 Profile <-> Profile only has 1 User). Consider - Database can have many configurations, but Dbo will only ever have one Connection at a time and Connection will only have one Dbo. Thus -> hasOne is for marrying two Models til die() do they part.
-- So it doesn't get used nearly as much as hasMany and belongsTo.
For your purpose, you probably want to change to a different association.
Adding an additional $this->Item->find doesn't really fix what's wrong (and I wouldn't recommend it, unless you're mostly done with both models/controllers, or you actively want things to start getting weird fast.)
Also, changing how you call the Form Helper methods - if you return a 'list' type fetch from a find, Cake will automatically produce an option list out of it. What's actually happening is, you're sneaking around your Model on a very thin margin of View functionality. That's why specifying the input type to "break the magic" tends to be discouraged (which, you totally can if you want. Just understand what's actually happening, or: see, weird, fast.)
But you might want to rethink how you've associated your models - wouldn't it also be correct to say, each Item belongsTo a CoverImage (same as each CoverImage belongs to an Item) -- because you have a form expressly permitting a CoverImage to select an Item, any Item, to be displayed with? You'll probably get better results.
HTH. :)
I'm having trouble with my HABTM relationship in CakePHP.
I have two models like so: Department HABTM Location. One large company has many buildings, and each building provides a limited number of services. Each building also has its own webpage, so in addition to the HABTM relationship itself, each HABTM row also has a url field where the user can visit to find additional information about the service they're interested and how it operates at the building they're interested in.
I've set up the models like so:
<?php
class Location extends AppModel {
var $name = 'Location';
var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Department' => array(
'with' => 'DepartmentsLocation',
'unique' => true
)
);
}
?>
<?php
class Department extends AppModel {
var $name = 'Department';
var $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
'Location' => array(
'with' => 'DepartmentsLocation',
'unique' => true
)
);
}
?>
<?php
class DepartmentsLocation extends AppModel {
var $name = 'DepartmentsLocation';
var $belongsTo = array(
'Department',
'Location'
);
// I'm pretty sure this method is unrelated. It's not being called when this error
// occurs. Its purpose is to prevent having two HABTM rows with the same location
// and department.
function beforeSave() {
// kill any existing rows with same associations
$this->log(__FILE__ . ": killing existing HABTM rows", LOG_DEBUG);
$result = $this->find('all', array("conditions" =>
array("location_id" => $this->data['DepartmentsLocation']['location_id'],
"department_id" => $this->data['DepartmentsLocation']['department_id'])));
foreach($result as $row) {
$this->delete($row['DepartmentsLocation']['id']);
}
return true;
}
}
?>
The controllers are completely uninteresting.
The problem:
If I edit the name of a Location, all of the DepartmentsLocations that were linked to that Location are re-created with empty URLs. Since the models specify that unique is true, this also causes all of the newer rows to overwrite the older rows, which essentially destroys all of the URLs.
I would like to know two things:
Can I stop this? If so, how?
And, on a less technical and more whiney note: Why does this even happen? It seems bizarre to me that editing a field through Cake should cause so much trouble, when I can easily go through phpMyAdmin, edit the Location name there, and get exactly the result I would expect. Why does CakePHP touch the HABTM data when I'm just editing a field on a row? It's not even a foreign key!
From the CookBook the 1st problem is:
By default when saving a
HasAndBelongsToMany relationship, Cake
will delete all rows on the join table
before saving new ones.
I am not quite sure why Cake is trying to save the HABTM data even though you don't have a foreign key in your data, but there is an easy solution for that. Simply destroy the association for the save call:
$this->Location->unbindModel(
array('hasAndBelongsToMany' => array('Department'))
);
I'm thinking of one reason why this might be happening. When you retrieve Location, you also retrieve locations_departments data. And when you do a save($this->data) it looks for models in the array and saves them.
A way to solve this is setting the recursive attribute (of a model) to -1 or 0 (try, I'm not sure, just print out the data to see what comes out). You can set it in the model: var $recursive = -1; or in the controller method (action): $this->ModelName->recursive = -1;
More about recursive: http://book.cakephp.org/view/439/recursive
It's really similar to what harpax suggested, just if you don't need that data, tell it to Cake, so that it won't fetch it.
Trouble is that when saving your Location, you gave the save method an array containing all the DepartmentsLocations too. Thus CakePHP destroys everything and try to recreate it.
This is a common mistake with cake since it will often pull far too many results for you.
Be sure to pass only the data that needs to be saved, or better to fetch only the datas you need.
I'm creating a small timesheet application. Timesheets have athletes, and each athlete has personal split times (like in running, or race car driving)
An Athlete hasMany Run, a Run belongsTo Athlete, An Athlete hasAndBelongsToMany Timesheets (and vice versa). A Timesheet hasMany Run, and finally a Run belongsTo Timesheet.
When I'm adding new runs in my view, I'm unable to get anything but the athlete_id in the select box. I'd really like to have their names instead. Instead of
<?php echo $run['athlete_id'];?>, I've tried <?php echo $athlete['Athlete']['last_name'] ?> but I can't seem to get it to work. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!
Without knowing exactly how you are building your forms/data it is hard to tell, but how I would do it is.
In the RunController add
$athletes = $this->Run->Athlete->find('list');
$this->set('athletes', $athletes);
and then in the View use this form helper line.
<?php echo $form->input('Run.athlete_id', array('type' => 'select', 'options' => $athletes)); ?>
This should work, there is also a way to use 'compact' to make it a little easier but the above should work fine.
---- BEGIN EDIT ----
I did a little research and found the compact method.
In your RunController use
$athletes = $this->Run->Athlete->find('list');
$this->set(compact('athletes'));
and then in your View use
<?php echo $form->input('Run.athlete_id'); ?>
and the form helper will automatically find the compacted Athlete array and build the select.
---- END EDIT ----
Hope this helps.
Cheers,
Dean
Try printing out the content of the $run: print_r($run) and see if the ['Athlete'] is there.
If not, you might have to manually contain the Athlete model when you do your run query:
$this->Run->contain('Athlete');
Don't forget to use the displayField property of the Model class i.e.
<?php
class Athlete extends AppModel {
public $name = "Athlete";
public $displayField = "name"; // the field name that has the athletes name in it
}
?>
http://book.cakephp.org/view/438/displayField