OpenGL Compilation Errors Ubuntu - c

I'm trying to set up the code from
http://www.openglsuperbible.com/example-code/
with command:
$ cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ; make clean ; make all
I've installed the following packages in order to prepare the system:
xrandr libxrandr x11-xserver-utils libxrandr-dev libglfw2 libglfw-dev xorg-dev libx11-dev libgl-dev libglu-dev libgl1-mesa-dev freeglut3 freeglut3-dev mesa-common-dev freeglut3-dev build-essential libx11-dev libx11-*
I may have missed some of the packages I've installed in this list, I apologize.
Then I've modified the CMakeList.txt in order to add to the linking phase the following things:
glfw GL rt glut X11 dl Xrandr Xext GLEW GLU
Then I try to compile, but it fails at the linking phase:
/opt/sb6code/src/xraw/xraw.c: In function ‘CreateWindow’:
/opt/sb6code/src/xraw/xraw.c:106:14: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]
Linking C executable bin/xraw
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'XOpenDisplay'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'XCloseDisplay'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'XCreateColormap'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'XCreateWindow'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'XMapWindow'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'glXCreateContextAttribsARB'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function Cleanup: error: undefined reference to 'XDestroyWindow'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function Cleanup: error: undefined reference to 'XCloseDisplay'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'XNextEvent'
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function main: error: undefined reference to 'XGetWindowAttributes'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [bin/xraw] Errore 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/all] Errore 2
make: *** [all] Errore 2
Now, I've tried to search the web and even here on SO.com for solutions, but they keep telling me to link the libraries I've already added to the linking phase.. so I can't seem to make any more progress.
Do you happen to have some knowledge or hint that could help me?
Ok, stimulated by answers I've gone into CMakeFiles directory and looked for the configuration file that manages the compilation. I've found out that for some reasons it did miss some of the flags stated into the CMakeLists despite of my update.
So now the compilation line looks like:
/usr/bin/cc CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o -o bin/xraw -L/opt/sb6code/lib -rdynamic -lGL -lglut -lGLU -lm -lX11 -ldl -lGLEW -lXrandr -lXext -lrt -lglfw -Wl,-rpath,/opt/sb6code/lib
And the errors have reduced to :
CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/src/xraw/xraw.c.o:xraw.c:function CreateWindow: error: undefined reference to 'glXCreateContextAttribsARB'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [bin/xraw] Errore 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/xraw.dir/all] Errore 2
make: *** [all] Errore 2
Other hints? :)
Side Note:
I've also installed CUDA libraries and under path
/usr/lib/nvidia-304/
I happen to have
alt_ld.so.conf libnvidia-ml.so.1
bin/ libnvidia-ml.so.304.88
ld.so.conf libnvidia-opencl.so.1
libcuda.so libnvidia-opencl.so.304.88
libcuda.so.1 libnvidia-tls.so.304.88
libcuda.so.304.88 libnvidia-wfb.so.1
libGL.so libnvidia-wfb.so.304.88
libGL.so.1 libOpenCL.so
libGL.so.304.88 libOpenCL.so.1
libnvcuvid.so libOpenCL.so.1.0
libnvcuvid.so.1 libOpenCL.so.1.0.0
libnvcuvid.so.304.88 libXvMCNVIDIA_dynamic.so.1
libnvidia-cfg.so libXvMCNVIDIA.so
libnvidia-cfg.so.1 libXvMCNVIDIA.so.1
libnvidia-cfg.so.304.88 libXvMCNVIDIA.so.304.88
libnvidia-compiler.so tls/
libnvidia-compiler.so.1 vdpau/
libnvidia-compiler.so.304.88 xorg/
libnvidia-glcore.so.304.88 XvMCConfig
libnvidia-ml.so
Which I would like to use since I'm not sure that my intel graphic card supports OpenGl 4.* which I shall use with the book, while the nvidia one supports 4.2.
I really can't find any good how to on the matter, the Book conveniently avoids to give installation instructions.
Temporary Solution:
I've found out that this is the only source file that does not work. Removing its files and CMakeList.txt configuration seems to be wise until someone finds out another solution.
Also, i had to use optirun to run the executables, in case other people with bumblebee/nvidia are wondering why their programs do not work.

You probably link the libraries in wrong order; all these symbols are defined in libX11.a; you should want to see what is the actual linking command line fed to GCC, and post it here.
Update now it means that you are statically trying to link against an API function that is not available in your libs (it is an optional extension and should be queried dynamically).

Related

Is there an easier way to compile this project

Under Linux(Ubuntu) I'm writing a CMakeLists.txt with CLion to compile my project which is a little game written in C. How do I fix these errors?
Here's a link to the entire source code.
Any help will be greatly appreciated
I have tried to rewrite my .h files. It was primarily an issue about linking SDL and SDL_images.
I have tried to compile the main with gcc main.c -o main -lSDL -lSDL_image.
Here's the CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.7)
project(SOKOBAN)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 99)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lmingw32")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++")
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
link_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)
find_package(SDL REQUIRED)
find_package(SDL)
find_package(SDL_image)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.c jeu.c jeu.h editeur.c editeur.h
fichiers.c fichiers.h Constantes.h hsokoban.h)
add_executable(SOKOBANR ${SOURCE_FILES})
target_link_libraries(SOKOBANR SDL_image SDL)
The error is:
[ 20%] Linking C executable SOKOBANR
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:12: multiple definition of `jouer'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/main.c.o:/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:12: first defined here
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/lib/libSDL.a when searching for -lSDL
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/main.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:72: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:76: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:80: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:84: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:72: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o:/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:76: more undefined references to `deplacerJoueur' follow
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/fichiers.c.o: In function `sauvegarderNiveau':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/fichiers.c:67: undefined reference to `fprint'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/build.make:128: recipe for target 'SOKOBANR' failed
make[3]: *** [SOKOBANR] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:72: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/all' failed
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/all] Error 2
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:84: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/rule' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/rule] Error 2
Makefile:118: recipe for target 'SOKOBANR' failed
make: *** [SOKOBANR] Error 2```
If you get such errors you need to look into each of them:
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:12: multiple definition of `jouer'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/main.c.o:/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:12: first defined here
The linker thinks that you have (at least) two definitions of jouer. Since both referenced locations are the same I assume that you 1. include "jeu.c" instead of "jeu.h" in your "main.c", and 2. link both "main.o" and "jeu.o".
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/lib/libSDL.a when searching for -lSDL
The library "libSDL.a" you provide is not compatible to the target system. Your target system seems to be Linux.
For which system is the library?
Did you compile it yourself or did you download it?
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/main.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:72: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:76: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:80: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:84: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o: In function `jouer':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:72: undefined reference to `deplacerJoueur'
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/jeu.c.o:/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/jeu.c:76: more undefined references to `deplacerJoueur' follow
There are references (calls) of deplacerJoueur but you don't define it. Or the source file with the definition (implementation) is not added to the list of modules.
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/fichiers.c.o: In function `sauvegarderNiveau':
/home/mahamad/github/SOKOBAN/SOKOBAN/fichiers.c:67: undefined reference to `fprint'
This is clearly a typo. You mean fprintf() with a trailing 'f' for sure.
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Because of all the errors the linker is not successful, and it tells you.
CMakeFiles/SOKOBANR.dir/build.make:128: recipe for target 'SOKOBANR' failed
Because of all the errors the build is not successful, and it tells you.

make doesn't link math lib when compiling

I get the following error while compiling xpdf using make. I've tried using the command:
LIBS=-lm make
However, it doesn't work. I know the problem is that the c compiler cannot recognise the math symbols in the source code because the math library is not available to it, but I don't know how to fix it.
[ 71%] Linking CXX executable pdftohtml
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xpdf_objs.dir/Gfx.cc.o: undefined reference to symbol 'acos##GLIBC_2.2.5'
//usr/lib64/libm.so.6: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [xpdf/CMakeFiles/pdftohtml.dir/build.make:219: xpdf/pdftohtml] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:428: xpdf/CMakeFiles/pdftohtml.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:130: all] Error 2
I have put my Makefile and makeLists.txt on pastebin for more information
I realised I had to use the g++ compiler instead of gcc after reading the man page for gcc which stated:
The usual way to run GCC is to run the executable called gcc, or
machine-gcc when cross-compiling, or machine-gcc-version to run a
specific
version of GCC. When you compile C++ programs, you should invoke GCC as g++ instead.

undefined reference to `ceilf'

I am trying to "make" a program and yet face these errors; I used make -lm and even did #include but still I face the same problem. I tried installing the application on both Ubuntu and Debian just to make sure I remove doubts on corrupted libraries.Still no success !
nat_src_endpoint_ip.o: In function `__new':
/root/softwares/sweetspot-0.0.20/src/nat_src_endpoint_ip.c:95: undefined reference to `ceilf'
nat_src_endpoint_tcp.o: In function `__create':
/root/softwares/sweetspot-0.0.20/src/nat_src_endpoint_tcp.c:58: undefined reference to `ceilf'
nat_src_endpoint_udp.o: In function `__create':
/root/softwares/sweetspot-0.0.20/src/nat_src_endpoint_udp.c:59: undefined reference to `ceilf'
nat_src_endpoint_icmp.o: In function `__create':
/root/softwares/sweetspot-0.0.20/src/nat_src_endpoint_icmp.c:48: undefined reference to `ceilf'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [sweetspot] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/softwares/sweetspot-0.0.20/src'
make: *** [all] Error 2
You should link with the math library. In Gcc this means that you should add -lm to the linking command line (if you only use one command line it means that this command line is both for compiling and linking).

CMAKE DSO linking

I'm totally new to cmake. After an svn update (but also to binutils and I suspect this is causing the problem), I get an error (I successfully compiled and used the program before)
Linking CXX executable gmsh
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/liblapack.a(dgesvd.o): undefined reference to symbol '_gfortran_concat_string##GFORTRAN_1.0'
/usr/bin/ld: note: '_gfortran_concat_string##GFORTRAN_1.0' is defined in DSO /usr/lib/libgfortran.so.3 so try adding it to the linker command line
/usr/lib/libgfortran.so.3: could not read symbols: Invalid operation
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [gmsh] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/gmsh.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
Maybe it's related to this Fedoraproject DSO Change?
I have an up-to-date archlinux (binutils-2.23-1).
I tried to edit lines in the ccmake . menu. After hitting [c] the original options are restored (so I cannot add /usr/lib/libgfortran.so.3 to the GMSH_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES variable in order [g] generate the new Makefiles).
I also tried adding some options which were recommended in the cmake irc chat, but it eventually didn't work.
cmake . -DCMAKE_LINK_FLAGS=-Wl,--add-needed
or
cmake . -DCMAKE_LINK_FLAGS=-lgfortran
Resulting in the same error. What can I do?
Additional information: make VERBOSE=1 pastebin link
To add a library to the link command, you can use target_link_libraries. Apparently in this case you want:
target_link_libraries(gmsh ${LINK_LIBRARIES} gfortran)

'undefined reference' errors when compiling against library

I added a third party library to my code and is getting errors like this when running make. Please help me understand this error.
(.text+0x9b4): undefined reference to `snd_strerror'
/home/bet/Tent/tun/app/Common/hl/lib/libGHAL.a(gfxhal.o): In function `GFX_create_region':
/home/bet/Tent/tun/app/Common/hl/src/GHAL/gfxhal.c:1141: undefined reference to `my_key_handler'
/home/bet/Tent/tun/app/Common/hal/src/GHAL/gfxhal.c:1141: undefined reference to `create_window'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [all] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/bet/Tent/tun/app/Common/c_app'
make[1]: *** [ctv_all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/bet/Tent/tun/app/Common'
Those are Linking errors, which tell you the linker cannot find definitions for the library you are using.
You will have to link the library to your project.
gcc <your files for compilation> -lLibName
Read this for better understanding.
I still get the error even if
readline library is installed and
-lreadline is added to gcc compiling command.
The root cause of my issue is the order of the libraries/code: -lreadline (and other libraries) should be put right before -o options.

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